1. Mapping the World

2. The importance of proper map research Case study #1: Titanic

3. The tragic outcome

4. The importance of proper map use Case study #2: Blair Witch Project

5. The fatal error

6. The result

7. If you know how to read a map… You will get along with your friends. You will find your way back home. You will live to a ripe old age.

8. If you don’t know how to read a map… You will argue and fight with your friends. You will cuss a whole lot. You will die a horrible, gruesome death at the hands of supernatural demons.

9. MAPS = LIFE

10. Maps Elements of a map Latitude and longitude Scale Map projection Types of maps Mental maps

11. Elements of a map POINTS –cities, sites, etc. LINES –boundaries, routes, etc. FILLS –political colors, thematic patterns, etc. TYPE/SYMBOLS –Labels, statistical charts, etc.

12. Spatial Change Over Time: Baseball Teams, 1952 and 1998

13. Spatial Interaction: Flows of Foreign Investment

14. Shuttle Columbia, Feb. 1, 2003

15. Latitude and Longitude Latitude lines (parallels) run East-West, labeled N or S 90 ˚ N Longitude lines (meridians) run North-South, labeled E or W. Santiago, Chile 33 ˚ 26’ S, 70 ˚ 40’ W Poniatowski, Wisconsin 45˚ N, 90˚ W International Date Line 180˚ Degree ˚ Minutes ‘

16. Poniatowski, Wisconsin 45˚ N, 90˚ W

18. Projections: Turning a globe into a map

19. World Map Projections

20. All Map Projections Distort… Distance, or Direction, or Shape, or A combination of the above.

21. Mercator Projection

22. Goode’s Homolosine Projection

23. Peters Projection

24. Robinson Projection

25. Shape distortions of projections Molleweide Mercator Cylindrical Equal-Area

26. Scale

27. Scale: Meaning #1 The size/scope of places being studied Local  Global Think in terms of local issues vs regional, national, or global issues

28. Scale: Meaning #2 Shows the ratio of distance and area on Earth to the distance and area on a map Example: one cm on map equals 1 km Representations: –proportional fraction (1/100,000) –ratio (1:100,000) –bar scale –verbal statement

29. BAR SCALES RATIO

30. Opposite meaning of “scale” A large-scale map shows a small area A small-scale map shows a larger area A scale of 1/5,000 is a large-scale map compared to a scale of 1/1,000,000.

32. Types of maps Choroplethic –Uses choropleths, or existing (political) units Isometric –Uses isolines, or data lines (such as contours) Symbolic –Proportional representation, located charts, etc. Cartograms Or a combination of the above

33. Choroplethic map : Calorie supply

34. Isometric map : Spatial Diffusion of College Soccer

35. Isometric map: Time-Space Compression

36. Topographic map (using elevation contour isolines)

37. Proportional symbols map : AIDS victims

38. Located chart map: Population increase

39. Cartogram: Population growth rates

40. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Data-driven systems Allows merging (comparison) of data using layers of information on a map. Fastest growing area of geographic jobs Highly technical, centered in government and business

41. Mental (cognitive) maps of our geographical perceptions

42. New Yorker’s View of the World

43. The World as seen from Ukraine

44. Mental map interpretation Selection of information, details, labels Omission is as important as inclusion Proportions of sizes, scales, shapes Choice of physical or cultural features Relative placement of features Influence of personal experience Influence of media and world events Effect of core, periphery, semi-periphery