1. Assignment #2: Causes of WWI (Have Assignment #1 Map On Desk) After paying attention to video clips and reading explanation of slides, you will be asked to answer some prompts at end of slide show on causes of WWI.

2. 4 MAIN Causes of World War I – Built up for decades before 1914
All the countries of Europe built up their armies and navies.   In 1914, their armed forces stood like this:
•   Germany: 2,200,000 soldiers, 97 warships
•   Austria-Hungary: 810,000 soldiers, 28 warships.
•   Italy: 750,000 soldiers, 36 warships
•   France: 1,125,000 soldiers, 62 warships
•   Russia: 1,200,000 soldiers, 30 warships
•   Great Britain: 711,000 soldiers, 185 warships
As each country increased their armies, all the others felt obliged to increase their armed forces and establish alliances to keep the ‘balance of power’.
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Land of Hope and Glory,
 mother of the free...
God who made thee mighty,
 will make thee mightier yet.
The words of Land of Hope and Glory, English ballad sung by British people at the parades.   
Germany, Germany above all, over everything in the world, When it steadfastly holds together, offensively and defensively.
The words of the German national anthem, Deutschland über Alles

3. Causes of WWI Video Intro http://www. youtube. com/watch
Causes of WWI Video Intro TO DISCUSS: WHAT DID THE FILM TELL YOU ABOUT MAIN? Militarism? Alliances? Imperialism? Nationalism?

4. Crisis in the Balkan “Powder Keg” Sparks War
Balkans were home to various ethnic groups that had long standing conflicts and were not independent nations.
Balkans is at the crossroads of Catholic, Orthodox Christian and Muslim religious influence which furthered tensions.
Nationalism was a powerful & dividing force in that had grown due to many wars & changing borders in the region. Various ethnic & religious groups wanted their own independent nations

5. Serbia’s desire to control Bosnia created tensions among allies: Russia (Serbia) vs. Austria-Hungary (Bosnia)
Serbia was small independent republic (allied with Russia) that wanted to unite all slavs in the Balkans into one nation.
Bosnia was an ethnically mixed region controlled by the Austro-Hungarian Empire (ally of Germany) that included many Slavs

6. Balkan “Powder Keg” Explodes!!
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary visits Sarajevo, Bosnia on June 12th, 1914.
He and his wife were assassinated by a Serbian nationalist
Austria-Hungary wants to punish Serbia

7. Alliance System (ironically meant to prevent war)
Kicks in and quickly escalates events – see #1 maps

8. On Assignment #2: a) Explain how cartoon illustrates
the causes of World War I in 1914

9. b) Explain how cartoon illustrates the causes of World War I in 1914
History Channel Intro

10. c) Explain how the cartoon illustrates the causes of World War I in 1914

11. World War I Summary When: July, 1914 to November, 1918
“Crash Course” WWI
When: July, to November, 1918
Who: * Major Allied Powers: Great Britain, France, Russia
- Later Italy & USA
Major Central Powers: Germany, Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary
How: Huge scale attacks with new deadly technology including mechanized weapons, chemical weapons, long range artillery and air power
Where: Most battles in Europe (Western & Eastern Fronts) with some conflict in colonial holdings across Africa & Asia.
What Resulted:
- 9 million people died & 20 million injured
- Europe economically devastated & politically unstable at end of war
- Treaty of Versailles ending WWI sets stage for even bigger conflict (World War II) 20 years later

12. Video Clips: Attitudes at the Start of WWI
PBS: The Great War Documentary (40-50):
What does the film clip show about the attitudes of people in various nations across Europe as World War I began?
1930 version of All Quiet on the Western Front classroom scene (4 min)
What does this scene illustrate about the attitudes of the German students at the onset of World War I?