1. The Great War

2. MAIN Causes of World War I
MILITARISM
ALLIANCES
IMPERIALISM
NATIONALISM

3. Militarism
Militarism – policy of glorifying military power, preparing army for war (“if needed”)

4. Alliances
Growing rivalries and mutual mistrust led to the creation of alliances (agreements to operate as a team) by certain countries.
For example, in Fear of France, Germany allied herself with Austria-Hungary (and were later joined by Italy to form the “Triple Alliance”)
Britain allied herself with France and Russia in the “Triple Entente”

5. Imperialism
Competition of colonies causes mistrust between nations.

6. Nationalism in Europe
Growing nationalism leads to competition between nations.
Nationalism – pride in or devotion to one’s country.

7. MAIN in action: Trouble in the Balkans
In a show of nationalist and imperial might, Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina increasing tension with neighboring Serbia for two reasons:
Serbia was largely populated by people of a Slavic race (largely of Eastern European decent) as was Bosnia and Herzegovina. Pride in being a Slav led to calls of the unification of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Austria’s annexation halted such plans
Austria- Hungary warned Serbia that any attempt to take over Bosnia and Herzegovina would be crushed.
Austria, subsequently, massed troops in Bosnia and Herzegovina

8. Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, (heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne) goes on visit to inspect troops in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Gavrilo Princip, a 19 year-old Serbian nationalist, kills the Archduke in Sarajevo.
Mayhem breaks out.

10. The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s death and declared war on Serbia.
Germany (under Kaiser Wilhelm II) pledged their support for Austria –Hungary (example of German nationalism )
Russia pledged their support for Serbia. · example of Slavic nationalism
Germany declares war on Russia.

11. France pledges their support for Russia.
Germany declares war on France.
Germany invades Belgium on the way to France.
Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany.
Italy switches sides and joins Allies when promised land from Britain in Treaty of London

12. Allied Powers: Central Powers: Germany Great Britain World War I
France
Austria-Hungary
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Modern-day Turkey
Italy

13. Armies March

14. Two Sides
By August of 1914 there are two sides at war in Europe.
By the end of the war 32 nations will have participated in the war on one side or another.

15. Bloody Stalemate
Schlieffen Plan – German plan to quickly defeat France and then turn against Russia.
Western Front – heavy battle zone in Northern France

16. Trench Warfare
Conflict descends into trench warfare – armies fighting from trenches.
Life in trenches is miserable difficult, unsanitary. Huge losses of life traded for minimum gains in territory.

17. The effect of Russia in WW1
Russia was cut off from her allies in Western Europe and was not yet industrialized
By 1916, as a result Russia was suffering with many casualties and few supplies.
However, Russia had numbers and huge army keeps her in the fight.
Prevents Germany from sending troops to Western Front.

18. Review task Go to the following website:
Click on “Who to blame for World War One?”
Press start
Complete part one “Signs of tension”
Complete part two: “The path to war”