2. 1914- 1918: The World at War 1914- 1918: The World at War By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley H. S. Chappaqua, NY

3. World War I Mr. Mizell Humanities, Year II

4. Copy Vocab  Assassination – to kill secretively or suddenly, especially a political leader  Armistice – a peace agreement to stop fighting  Alliance – an agreement between countries to cooperative and help one another  Reparations – payment for damages and expenses brought on by war  Militarism – policy of aggressive military preparedness

5. Essential Question  What were the causes of World War I?

6. Causes - M.A.I.N.S.  M ilitarism  A lliances  I mperialism  N ationalism  S park Long-term Causes Short-term Cause

7. Militarism  Glorification of the military  Countries increase size of military – Leads to an “arms race among countries” – Develop new weapons  Need to be prepared for war or avoid it – Big army = no one will mess with you

8. Militarism & Arms Race 187018801890190019101914 94130154268289398 Total Defense Expenditures for the Great Powers (in millions of dollars 1910-1914 Increase in Defense Expenditures France10% Britain13% Russia39% Germany73%

9. Alliances  Why form/join an alliance? – Protection from other countries – Designed to keep peace in Europe  Negative: domino effect – If one country goes to war, all the others will get dragged in

10. Alliances Formed  Russia, Great Britain, and France form the Triple Entente Alliance  Germany, A-H, and Italy form Triple Alliance (Italy drops out before WWI and is replaced by Ottoman Empire)

13. Imperialism

15.  Competition for resources and colonies leads to conflict around the world  Distrust grows among Europeans as each seeks an empire

16. Nationalism  People desire for their country to be the greatest  Leads to competition among nations – Germany vs Britain for industrial dominance – A-H and Russia compete in Balkans

17. Skits  Choose one of the 4 long-term causes of WWI and create a skit that explains it and how it could lead to war.

20. The Spark in the Balkans  Serbia – country in the Balkans – Its ethnic population (Slavic) wants to expand – Russia supports this but A-H does not  A-H expands into Bosnia – Serbia and Bosnia want A-H out

21. The Assassination  July 28, 1914  Archduke Ferdinand of A-H and wife visit Sarajevo, Bosnia  Assassinated by Gavrilo Princip (Serbian nationalist)  A-H gives ultimatum to Serbia  Germany backs its ally, A-H  Russia backs Serbia

23. The Domino Effect  A-H declares war on Serbia  Russia mobilizes army on A-H border  Germany declares war on Russia  Germany declares war on France and Belgium  Britain declares war on Germany