1. The Latin West
AP World History
Ch 16.2

3. Part 2 Urban Revival
900 CE no town or city in Europe could compare to the cities in the Byzantine Empire
By the 1500’s cities in western Europe and around the Mediterranean rapidly experienced commercial, cultural and administrative changes

4. Causes of Urban Revival
The increased growth of trade and manufacturing after 1200
Lead to the growth of Urban areas in the Latin West

5. Major Cities Developed due to trade or manufacturing
Trade allowed cities in northern Italy to prosper.
Venice was the dominant city for trade in the Far East

7. Flanders Region in northern Europe what is now Belgium
Main city Bruges
became a large, major textile manufacturing and trading area.

9. Technology Late 1200’s, the spinning wheel arrives in England.
Transforms the economy from wool export to textile exports by the mid 1400’s.
Competition promoted the spread of manufacturing and encouraged the development of new specialty goods.

11. Flanders trade ship route

12. Characteristics of trading cities in the Middle Ages
Offered people more social freedom than rural places
“Chartered Cities” where residents could claim freedom from serfdom after one year.
Quickly able to adapt to changing market conditions (diversified)
Home to most of Europe’s Jews

13. Metal Working Grew because of: Watermills
Improved mining techniques from central Europe
Blast furnaces
New sources of metals
Blast furnaces powered by machine driven bellows provided the high temperatures needed to produce high-quality iron by the late 1300’s.
Water also powered stamping mills that broke up iron and trip hammers that pounded it into shape.

15. Industry and Environmental Change
Rapid growth of industry caused:
Deforestation
Water pollution by industries like tanneries
Damming of rivers
The creation of quarry pits and mines

16. Deforestation occurs due to farming, building, fuel production and making of charcoal for glass and iron industry.

17. Interesting facts
Building boom France during ’s causes more stone to be quarried than during the age of the Egyptians.
The first pollution laws were passed by English Parliament in 1388.

18. Civic Life

19. Hanseatic League Based in Germany
An association of trading cities in northern Europe is created.
Promoted increased trade through Russia in the East and England to the West.

20. Guilds An association of craft specialists in the same trade.
Dominate manufacturing in cities and become powerful political and economic institutions.
Example Silversmiths, woodworkers, leatherworkers.
They will become “Trade Unions” in later centuries.

23. Guilds Set prices for goods.
Trained apprentices and promoted business interests in politics.
Denied membership to outsiders and Jews.
Perpetuated male dominance of the most skilled jobs

24. Nepotism
The practice of hiring and promoting family members ahead of others in a business.
kept families of guild members as most powerful leaders of industry.

25. International Fairs Regional markets that met once or twice a year.
“Champagne Fairs” in French wine regions.
Manufactured goods, livestock and farm produce were bought and sold.
The king of France guaranteed safe passage for all traders going to these markets after 1100.
Goods from known world were exchanged.
Also important for currency exchange.

26. Merchant Banks Most significant growth industry of 1400’s.
European Financial Institution that engages in Investment Banking, Counseling, Advising and in Mergers and Acquisitions.
Created very wealthy merchant-banker class.

27. Merchant Bank Families
Medici Family
Most powerful banking family in Italy
Patrons (supporters) of the arts
Florence was home
The Galileo Project | Galileo | Patrons | Medici Family

28. Merchant Bank Families
The Fuggers of Augsburg
German family had 10 times wealth of Medici
Jacob Fugger Portraits

29. Merchant Banks Services included: Checking accounts
Shareholding companies
Money changing
Loans
Making investments

30. Locate - Florence Home of the Medici

31. What Trade Organization were the Fuggers Close to?

33. European Jews Cities were home for most of Europe’s Jews.
Jews were targets of persecution, blamed for the spread of the plague.
Before they were expelled in 1492, Spain held the largest population of Jews in Europe.
1492 Spanish kings expel all Jews and nobles confiscate their wealth and properties in the name of religious purity.

34. European Jews
The Catholic Church played no official role in the persecution of Jews
The church was officially the protector of Jews.
three pages from a book of historical maps, drawn by Riza ibn Muklebi in 1686.
show the migration of Jews expulsed from Spain to Istanbul in Text in Arabic and Ladino.

36. Spanish expulsion of Jews 1492

37. Locate
London
Flanders
Venice
Champagne Region
Hanseatic League Territory
Florence
Spain
Augsburg

38. End Part 2