1. Growth of International TradeCE

2. Objectives
Establish interconnectedness of global trade prior to European maritime exploration
Show trade links from Greenland to Japan to Madagascar
Link cultural diffusion to the rise of Western Europe by 1500
Show influence of trade routes on GO PERSIA

4. Viking Atlantic Trade 900-1450
Furs, fish, and ivory from Greenland
Iron, wood, glass, and grain from Norway
Spread Christianity to Greenland
Norwegian ties to Hanseatic League and prosperity of Northern Europe

5. Atlantic Trade Map

6. Asian Land/River Trade Routes
Silk Roads
Silks, teas and porcelain from Guangzhou,China
Woolen cloth, horses, and ivory from Central Asia
Rubies, silver, and ebony from India
Carpets, linen, brocade, and ceramics from the Abbasids-Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Wine, perfume, glass, silk, and slaves(Slavs) from the Byzantines
Furs,wood, amber, and grain from Kievan Russia

8. Significance of Asian land trade
Spread Buddhism,Christianity and Islam to China
Created cultural diffusion of technology from East Asia to Europe
Pax Mongolica (c ) kept trade routes open and flowing
Created European desire for a water route to China to cut out Islamic middlemen

9. Indian Ocean Trade Routes
Slaves, ivory, gold, and iron from East Africa
Porcelain, tea and silk from China
Pottery from Burma
Cloth, spices (pepper), and jewels from Calicut, India

13. Zheng He

14. Significance of Indian Ocean trade routes
Caused cross-cultural contact throughout the coastal areas from East Asia to East Africa using the monsoon winds
Opened African interior to trade with coast
Caused rise of East African trading cities of Kilwa, Sofala, and Mogadishu
Spread Islam to coastal Bantu speakers

15. Trans-Saharan Trade
Gold, ivory, slaves, exotic feathers and spices from Sub- Saharan Africa-Timbuktu
Salt, cloth, and metalwork from Ceuta, North Africa

16. Significance of Trans-Saharan Trade
Aided in the rise of West African Empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai
Caused cross-cultural contact between the Mediterranean world and West Africa
Provided most of Europe’s pre-Columbian gold
Spread Islam through West Africa

17. Mediterranean Trade
Constantinople/Byzantine Empire-Silk major terminus on the Silk Roads until 1206
Venice-Fine glass and naval fleet (mude) to transport goods
Spices, silks, and other Asian goods
Cairo & Alexandria, Egypt-The commercial centers between Europe, Southwest Asia and East Asia via Indian Ocean trade

18. Portuguese Atlantic Trade
Early exploration establishes colonies at Madereis and Canary Islands
Create sugar plantation systems using African slaves-precursor to New World acquisitions
Raids and contacts along West African coast strengthens resolve for water route to Asia
African slave network tied to Europe
1500-Vasco da Gama reaches Calicut

20. Islamic Areas by 1500