1. Gradual and Sudden-Edge Shading Implied Lines

2. Form is an element of art that is 3-D (height, width and depth) and encloses volume.

3. Using implied lines make the objects have more realism.

4. Value gradation is used to create the illusion of 3-D space on a 2-D plane.

5. Bird’s Eye View. The change in value helps to direct the viewer’s eye around the composition.

6. The direction and amount of light falling on the object determines where the light and dark values fall.

7. Value can be used to depict emotional content.

13. Sketchbook Requirement One drawing of a spoon, knife or fork on brown paper using back and white charcoal.

15. Sketchbook Requirement One drawing of a bag on brown paper using black and white charcoal.