1. Tear gas Brno University of technology, Faculty of chemistry Emergency and crisis management Jan Brzobohatý

2. Chemical warfare ► Nerve paralytic agents – Sarin, Soman, Tabun ► Vesicant agents – Mustard gas (sulphuric or nitrogenic) ► Afterdamp agents – Hydrocyanic acid, phosgene, chlorine ► Generally poisonous agents ► Irritant agents – non letal weapons – tear gases group ► [ Vesicant = zpuchýřující, mustard gas = yperit, afterdamp = dusivý ]

3. Kinds of tear gases ► 1) CN gas – main agent is chloroacetophenone.

4. Kinds of tear gases ► CS gas – main agent is chlorobenzalmalononitrile

5. Kinds of tear gases ► OC gas – the main agent is organic compound capsaicine. OC gas is known as pepper spray too. OC gas is the most used kind of tear gas.

6. Applications of tear gas ► Classic pepper spray – the most used ► Fluid shot ► Foam – the most modern and effective way ► Gas grenade – used in army Fluid shot   Pepper spray

7. Tear gas effects ► Eyes and skin inflammation and irritation ► Respiration problems ► High concetration, long exposition – damage of kidney and liver Effect of tear gas is very individual.

8. First aid and protection against tear gas ► First aid : 1) Leaving contaminated area 2) Washing contaminated parts of body 3) Staing in open air ► Protection : 1) Wet hanky or towel 2) Protection spray 3) Gas mask 2) Protection spray 3) Gas mask

9. Information sources ► www.chemfinder.com www.chemfinder.com ► http://temneuzemi.webzdarma.cz http://temneuzemi.webzdarma.cz ► www.answers.com www.answers.com ► www.wikepedia.com www.wikepedia.com ► www.google.com www.google.com