1. The Cold War at Home…

2. Communism  Write down some ideas of why you think Americans were so afraid of communism…  Ideological struggle for world influence/power  Strong communist presence in Asia & Europe  100,000 members of American Communist Party

3. President Truman  Portrayed by the Republicans as soft on communism  Established Loyalty Review Board  But veto's the McCarran Act  Congress overrides the veto

4. McCarran Act  Communist organizations had to register with the Attorney General and members names to be published  Members were denied passports and jobs in government agencies and labor unions  Allowed for the detention of disloyal citizens  What do you think Truman means by, “In a free country we punish men for the crimes they commit, but never for the opinions they have.”

5. Increased Fear of Communism HUAC  House of Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)  1947 began to investigate allegations of communism in Hollywood  Investigations led to the imprisonment of the Hollywood Ten and the creation of the Hollywood Blacklist  People who were blacklisted could no longer work  Watch the following clip: 1. Why does he refuse to testify? 2. What experiences does he have after he is labeled a communist?

6. Witnesses begin to name names due to fear of being accused of Communism

7. Alger Hiss  A communism spy Chambers accuses Hiss of being a spy too  Hiss worked for the State Department  Nixon pursues case  A microfilm is discovered in a pumpkin on Chamber’s farm containing secret documents written on Hiss’s typewriter  Hiss convicted of perjury

8. The Rosenbergs

9.  1949 Soviet Union explodes Atomic Bomb  Americans believed it would take the USSR another 3 to 5 years to get the bomb  Therefore American communist spies must have passed info to the USSR  Rosenbergs charged with espionage  During their trial they plead the fifth  Sentenced to death for the crime of espionage  First U.S. Civilians to be executed for espionage

10. I. Who is McCarthy Anyway? A. In 1950, Senator Joseph McCarthy from Wisconsin was looking for re-election. B. Claimed 205 unknown Communists in state dept. C. Opposed him= Communist

12. Telegram From McCarthy to Truman - 1950

13. Truman’s reply

14. McCarthyism A. Elements of McCarthyism: I. Pressure to inform on others II. Accusation of disloyalty III. Proof not always necessary IV. Created a climate of hysteria

15. Hearings were Unconstitutional A. 1 st Amendment—Freedom of Speech B. 5 th Amendment—Due Process, don’t have to testify against self C. 6 th Amendment—Criminal Proceedings, right to face accuser

16. The Red Scare Comes to An End A. McCarthy accuses the Army 1. 1954 Eisenhower President 2. Criticism from the media B. His colleagues finally realize how ridiculous this all is and he loses re- election.