1. PRS Slides for PowerPoint Chap 2 The Biological Perspective Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009

2. Definitional and Application Slides 2 Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009

3. 3 The part of the neuron responsible for carrying the neural message from one end to the other is the: 1.Soma 2.Dendrite 3.Axon 4.Glial cells 5.Myelin LO 2.1 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

4. 4 The part of the neuron responsible for carrying the neural message from one end to the other is the: 1.Soma 2.Dendrite 3.Axon (p. 49) 4.Glial cells 5.Myelin LO 2.1 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

5. 5 ________ is a fatty substance that forms a protective coating around the axon of a neuron. 1.Dendrite 2.Soma 3.Terminal branches 4.Neurilemma 5.Myelin LO 2.1 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

6. 6 ________ is a fatty substance that forms a protective coating around the axon of a neuron. 1.Dendrite 2.Soma 3.Terminal branches 4.Neurilemma 5.Myelin (p. 50) LO 2.1 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

7. 7 When an action potential occurs, _______ ions come into a section of the axon to make it more positive. 1.sodium 2.chloride 3.neurotransmitter 4.potassium 5.hydrogen LO 2.1 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

8. 8 When an action potential occurs, _______ ions come into a section of the axon to make it more positive. 1.sodium (p. 51) 2.chloride 3.neurotransmitter 4.potassium 5.hydrogen LO 2.1 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

9. 9 _________ are sections on a dendrite onto which neurotransmitters attach so a message can be received by a neuron: 1.Synapse vesicles 2.Synaptic gap 3.Receptor sites 4.Action potentials 5.Resting potentials LO 2.2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

10. 10 _________ are sections on a dendrite onto which neurotransmitters attach so a message can be received by a neuron: 1.Synapse vesicles 2.Synaptic gap 3.Receptor sites (p. 53) 4.Action potentials 5.Resting potentials LO 2.2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

11. 11 A neurotransmitter that is generally excitatory and involved with memory is called: 1. Serotonin 2. GABA 3. Glutamate 4. Acetylcholine 5. Norepinephrine LO 2.2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

12. 12 A neurotransmitter that is generally excitatory and involved with memory is called: 1. Serotonin 2. GABA 3. Glutamate 4. Acetylcholine (p. 55-56) 5. Norepinephrine LO 2.2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

13. 13 _______ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps to reduce anxiety by binding to the same receptor sites that are affected by tranquilizers and alcohol. 1.Serotonin 2.GABA 3.Acetylcholine 4.Glutamate 5.Dopamine LO 2.2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

14. 14 _______ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps to reduce anxiety by binding to the same receptor sites that are affected by tranquilizers and alcohol. 1.Serotonin 2.GABA (p. 56) 3.Acetylcholine 4.Glutamate 5.Dopamine LO 2.2 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

15. 15 The ___________ nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. 1.peripheral 2.autonomic 3.somatic 4.parasympathetic 5.central LO 2.3 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

16. 16 The ___________ nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. 1.peripheral 2.autonomic 3.somatic 4.parasympathetic 5.central (p. 59) LO 2.3 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

17. 17 This section of the nervous system is responsible for calming the body after a stressful response: 1.Sympathetic 2.Central 3.Parasympathetic 4.Autonomic 5.Sensory neurons LO 2.4 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

18. 18 This section of the nervous system is responsible for calming the body after a stressful response: 1.Sympathetic 2.Central 3.Parasympathetic (p. 64) 4.Autonomic 5.Sensory neurons LO 2.6 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

19. 19 _________ is a technique used to study the brain that involves injecting radioactive glucose to detect activity in the brain during various tasks. 1.MRI scan 2.PET scan 3.CT scan 4.EEG 5.Deep lesioning LO 2.5 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

20. 20 _________ is a technique used to study the brain that involves injecting radioactive glucose to detect activity in the brain during various tasks. 1.MRI scan 2.PET scan (p. 67) 3.CT scan 4.EEG 5.Deep lesioning LO 2.5 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

21. 21 This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing: 1.Pons 2.Reticular formation 3.Medulla 4.Thalamus 5.Hypothalamus LO 2.6 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

22. 22 This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing: 1.Pons 2.Reticular formation 3.Medulla (p. 68) 4.Thalamus 5.Hypothalamus LO 2.6 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

23. 23 A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor movement, coordinating simple movements that are involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely damaged is called: 1.Reticular formation 2.Cerebellum 3.Medulla 4.Pons 5.Thalamus LO 2.6 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

24. 24 A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor movement, coordinating simple movements that are involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely damaged is called: 1.Reticular formation 2.Cerebellum (p. 69-70) 3.Medulla 4.Pons 5.Thalamus LO 2.6 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

25. 25 The __________ is involved with responses related to fear relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger sometimes before even being consciously aware that it exists: 1.amygdala 2.thalamus 3.hypothalamus 4.hippocampus 5.pons LO 2.7 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

26. 26 The __________ is involved with responses related to fear relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger sometimes before even being consciously aware that it exists: 1.amygdala (p. 71) 2.thalamus 3.hypothalamus 4.hippocampus 5.pons LO 2.7 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

27. 27 This area of the brain is responsible for higher mental functions, such as planning, personality, memory, and decision making: 1.Temporal lobes 2.Parietal lobes 3.Frontal lobes 4.Occipital lobes 5.Motor cortex LO 2.8 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

28. 28 This area of the brain is responsible for higher mental functions, such as planning, personality, memory, and decision making: 1.Temporal lobes 2.Parietal lobes 3.Frontal lobes (p. 74) 4.Occipital lobes 5.Motor cortex LO 2.8 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

29. 29 ________ is an association area located in the left temporal lobe that is responsible for understanding the meaning of language. 1.Broca’s area 2.Wernicke’s area 3.Somatosensory cortex 4.Corpus callosum 5.Motor cortex LO 2.9 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

30. 30 ________ is an association area located in the left temporal lobe that is responsible for understanding the meaning of language. 1.Broca’s area 2.Wernicke’s area (p. 76) 3.Somatosensory cortex 4.Corpus callosum 5.Motor cortex LO 2.9 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

31. 31 The area of the brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is often severed in split brain patients is called: 1.Temporal lobe 2.Parietal lobe 3.Occipital lobe 4.Frontal lobe 5.Corpus callosum LO 2.10 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

32. 32 The area of the brain that connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is often severed in split brain patients is called: 1.Temporal lobe 2.Parietal lobe 3.Occipital lobe 4.Frontal lobe 5.Corpus callosum (p. 77) LO 2.10 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

33. 33 _________ is a hormone that is implicated in sleep-wake cycles: 1.Insulin 2.Melatonin 3.Cortisol 4.Glucagons 5.Thyroxin LO 2.11 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

34. 34 _________ is a hormone that is implicated in sleep-wake cycles: 1.Insulin 2.Melatonin (p. 80) 3.Cortisol 4.Glucagons 5.Thyroxin LO 2.11 Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education

35. Critical Thinking & Student Opinion Slides 35 Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009

36. What do you think? Should someone who is accused of a crime be able to plead not guilty on the grounds of brain dysfunction or hormone imbalance? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 36

37. What do you think? Should someone who is accused of a crime be able to plead not guilty because he or she was under the influence of drugs? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 37

38. With which statement do you agree? A. Children younger than 10 years old should be given medications to correct emotional and/or behavior problems. B. Most childhood behavior and emotional problems (like ADHD) are not really disorders, but are a function of just being a kid. Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 38

39. With which statement do you agree? A. Men and women are destined to behave differently because of differences in their brains. B. People can consciously modify their behavior to overcome sex differences in the brain. Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 39

40. What do you think? Should it be legal to perform brain surgery or to administer electroconvulsive shock to control behavior in adults? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 40

41. What do you think? Should it be legal to perform brain surgery or to administer electroconvulsive shock to control behavior in children? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 41

42. What do you think? Should it be legal to perform brain surgery or to administer electroconvulsive shock to control behavior in habitual criminals? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 42

43. What do you think? Should it be permissible to clone animals? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 43

44. What do you think? Assuming we had the technology, should it be permissible to clone humans? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 44

45. What do you think? Should it be illegal to use animals in experimental research? A.Yes B. No Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 45

46. 1.Students get in pairs with Student A facing the slides, and Student B facing away from the slides. 2.Student A asks the first slide of questions to Student B, and notes which way Student B looks when thinking about the answers. 3.Students switch seats and roles. Hemispheric Lateralization Demonstration Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 46

47. First Questions (A asks B) 1.What does the word “appetite” mean? 2.What direction does the Statue of Liberty face? 3.How many straight lines are in a hexagon? 4.Which word has more letters, “publication” or “contemplation”? Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 47

48. Students should now switch places. Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 48

49. Second Questions (B asks A) 1.What is a synonym? 2.Name three states that border Iowa. 3.You are walking north, turn left, then left again, and then right. What direction are you walking? 4.How many letters are there in the word “growing”? Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 49

50. For question #1, which way did your subject look? A.Left B.Right What does the word “appetite” mean? What is a synonym? Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 50

51. For question #2, which way did your subject look? A.Left B.Right What direction does the Statue of Liberty face? Name three states that border Iowa. Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 51

52. For question #3, which way did your subject look? A.Left B.Right How many straight lines are in a hexagon? You are walking north, turn left … Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 52

53. For question #4, which way did your subject look? A.Left B.Right Which word has more letters, “publication” or “contemplation”? How many letters are there in the word “growing”? Copyright © 2009, Pearson Education 53