1. U.S. Government Mr. Hand U.S. Government Mr. Hand The 27 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution

2. 1 st Amendment1791 “5 Freedoms” 1.Freedom of religion (establishment clause & free exercise clause) 2.Freedom of speech 3.Freedom of the press 4.Peaceful Assembly 5.Right to petition the government

3. 2 nd Amendment1791 1. A well regulated militia 2. Right to keep and bear arms

4. 3 rd Amendment 1791 1. No quartering (housing) of troops in private homes

5. 4 th Amendment 1791 1. Protection from illegal search and seizure Search warrant Probable cause

6. 5 th Amendment 1791 “Rights of a person accused of a crime” 1. Grand jury indictment for major crimes 2. No double jeopardy (tried twice for same crime) 3. Guarantee of “Due Process” before taking life, liberty, or property/Plead the 5th 4. *“Eminent Domain”-government’s power to take private property for public use

7. 6 th Amendment 1791 1. Right to a fair and speedy trial Fair jury Exact charges Public trial Call/question witnesses Right to a lawyer (Gideon v Wainwright 1963)

8. 7 th Amendment 1791 Right to trial by jury in “Civil Suits” involving more than $20.00

9. 8 th Amendment 1791 “Bail and Punishment” 1. No excessive bail/fines imposed 2. No cruel and unusual punishment inflicted

10. 9 th Amendment 1791 “Powers Reserved to the People” The listed “enumerated” powers outlined in the Bill of Rights are not the only rights people have.

11. 10 th Amendment 1791 “Powers Reserved to the States” All powers of government not specifically stated in the US Constitution OR specifically forbidden to the federal government belong to the state governments/people.

12. 11 th Amendment 1795 Lawsuits Against States Article III, Section 2 (see text struck out with blue lines on pg 30 of The Living Constitution handbook) Chisholm v Georgia 1793- “An unpaid bill” A state can’t be sued by citizen of another state or foreign country- only amendment to limit the judicial branch

13. 12 th Amendment 1804 Electing the President & Vice President Electors meet in their own states and use separate ballots to vote for President and Vice President

14. 13 th Amendment 1865 Slavery abolished Slavery can only be used for punishment for crime (aka chain gang)

15. 14 th Amendment 1868 1. Equal protection under the law (especially former slaves) 2. Apportionment to the House of Rep 3. Penalties for Confederate officials 4. Confederate debts not to be paid

16. 15 th Amendment 1870 Gave former MALE slaves the right to vote

17. 16 th Amendment1913 Federal Income Tax

18. 17 th Amendment 1913 The direct election of U.S. Senators

19. 18 th Amendment1919 Prohibition of Alcohol *Repealed in 1933 with 21 st Amendment

20. 19 th Amendment1920 Gave women the right to vote The “Suffrage Movement”-..mostly women from upper and middle-class backgrounds, frustrated by their social and economic situation. (Wikipedia)

21. 20 th Amendment1933 20 th Amendment1933 Lame Duck Amendment 1. President’s term begins on Jan 20 th at 12:00 noon 2. Congress begins on Jan 3 rd at 12:00 noon 3. V.P. elect takes the place of the President elect if Pres elect dies before taking oath 4. Congress may choose if death follows election where no majority of electoral votes were received

22. 21 st Amendment1933 Repeal of Prohibition/alcohol made legal again

23. 22 nd Amendment1951 Two terms or 10 years max as president

24. 23 rd Amendment 1963 Twenty-three gave “3” (electoral votes) to D.C.

25. 24 th Amendment1964 Abolished the “Poll Tax”- the tax charged to vote.

26. 25 th Amendment1967 “Presidential Death & Disability” 1. The V.P. BECOMES the president in the case of death or removal. 2. President may appoint a VP when a vacancy occurs 3. Declaration of Disability by the President- in writing to Pro Temp and Speaker 4. V.P. and cabinet vote to declare disability-letter to Pro Temp and Speaker

27. 26 th Amendment1971 Eighteen-year-olds right to vote

28. 27 th Amendment1992 Restraint on Congressional Salaries Any pay increase approved by Congress shall take effect in the next term of Congress, not the current term. In short, no sitting Congress can vote for AND receive a pay raise in the same term.