1. Describing trends
Revision

2. Rise Raise Arise Rise, rose, risen – irreg.v. (intr.: rise + Ø)
The price has already risen. Prices rose yesterday.Prices are rising.
Raise, raised, raised - reg.v.(trans.:raise+object)
They raised the prices. He has raised his voice. Raise your hand! He raised the question of salaries yesterday.
Arise, arose, arisen
Many problems have arisen. A crisis is arising.

3. Rise, rose , risen (irr. v. ) Raise, raised, raised (reg. v
Rise, rose , risen (irr. v.) Raise, raised, raised (reg. v.) Arise, arose, arisen (irr. (v.)
Inflation is … all over Europe.
We need to … their salaries.
This has …. a lot of problems.
A problem has ….
The government needs to … funds for these construction works.
Our salaries have … by 13% since January.
This … the question of illiquidity.
Our profits % last year.

4. Rise, rose , risen (irr. v. ) Raise, raised, raised (reg. v
Rise, rose , risen (irr. v.) Raise, raised, raised (reg. v.) Arise, arose, arisen (irr. (v.)
Inflation is RISING all over Europe.
We need to RAISE their salaries.
This has RAISED a lot of problems.
A problem has ARISEN.
The government needs to RAISE funds for these construction works.
Our salaries have RISEN by 13% since January.
This RAISES the question of illiquidity.
Our profits ROSE 11% last year.

5. Sentence structure Rephrase the following sentences:
e.g. Retail sales fell in the second quarter. (v.→ n.)
There was a fall in the second quarter retail sales.
Britain’s economy grew slowly in the second quarter.
There was a slow growth in Britain’s economy in the second quarter.
A slow growth was recorded in Britain’s economy in the second quarter.
Shoe imports from China to the EU rose by 300% in the nine months ending in October 2005 compared with the same period 2004.
There was a rise of 300% in shoe imports from China...
A rise of 300% was recorded in shoe imports from China...
Cadburry Schweppes reported a 46% rise in net profit in 2005 (n.→v.)
Cadburry Schweppes’s net profit rose by 46% in 2005.

6. Turn the sentences below into similar sentences (adj + noun)
e.g. Sales increased sharply between 2002 and 2005.
There was a sharp increase in sales …
A sharp increase in sales was recorded …
Profits rose dramatically …
Salaries declined gradually …
The employment rate grew steadily…
The GDP fell rapidly …

7. Turn the sentences below into similar sentences (verb +adv)
e.g. There was a sharp increase in sales between 2002 and 2005.
Sales increased sharply between 2002 and 2005.
There was a dramatic rise in profits …
A gradual decrease in salaries was observed …
A steady growth in the employment rate was recorded …
There was a rapid fall in the GDP ….

8. Fill in the blanks (prepositions):
Last year sales rose …€7m … €7.5m. So that’s an increase … €0.5m.
Last year there was an increase … sales … 8%.In other words, sales went up … 2,500 reaching 10,000.
Our market share now stands … 28%.
Unemployment figures have been relatively stable for some time, fluctuating …. 4.3% and 4.6%.

9. Fill in the blanks (prepositions):
Last year sales rose FROM €7m TO €7.5m. So that’s an increase OF €0.5m.
Last year there was an increase IN sales OF 8%.In other words, sales went up BY 2,500 reaching 10,000.
Our market share now stands AT 28%.
Unemployment figures have been relatively stable for some time, fluctuating BETWEEN 4.3% and 4.6%.

10. Fill in the blanks: There was an increase …. 50,000 …. 2000 …. 2002.
Overall sales peaked … nearly 60,000 … 2002, but then plummeted … 10,000 over the next two years.
After some fluctuations, in 2000 sales reached their peak … 15,000, which is a rise … 5,000 since the beginning of the year.
Sales increased … over 11,000 reaching around 26,000 between 2004 and 2007, but then again dropped … more than 10,000 between 2007 and 2010 falling …. 15,000.