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Published byJob Merritt Modified over 9 years ago
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Genetics
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What is Genetics? Heredity: The passing of traits from parents to offspring. Genetics: the scientific study of heredity.
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Gregor Mendel Born in 1822 When he was 21 he entered an Augustinian monastery, where he became a math and science teacher. Began studying the plants.
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Mendel’s Plant Height Experiment Mendel started his experiment with pea plants. Mendel used purebred plants. A purebred plant is one that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent.
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Mendel’s Plant Height Experiment 1. He bred pea plants so they always produce offspring with heights like parents: Tall parent: tall offspring Short parent: short offspring
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Mendel’s Plant Height Experiment Then, he bred a tall pea plant with a short pea plant He found that the offspring were all tall.
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Mendel’s Plant Height Experiment Then he bred two of these tall offspring together There were some tall and some short offspring. This lead him to think that the peas had a trait for tallness and shortness.
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Traits He called them dominant and recessive traits. A dominant trait is one that prevents another from appearing or showing themselves in the offspring A recessive trait is one that will not appear when a dominant trait is present.
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An organism with a pure trait had ALL dominant or ALL recessive traits. A pure bred is an organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent.
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Mendel’s Peas Mendel studied six other traits in pea plants.
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Genes Today we know Mendel’s traits as genes. A dominant gene (represented by a capital letter) covers up or hides a recessive gene (represented by a lower case letter)
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Genes Genes are inherited in pairs – one gene from each parent.
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