1. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Chabot College ELEC 99.05 Routed and Routing Protocols

2. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Routed vs Routing Protocols

3. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Routed Protocols Used by end systems to communicate (a computer to another computer, etc.) Contain network-layer addresses of source and destination computers. Examples: TCP/IP IPX/SPX AppleTalk

4. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Routing Protocols Used by intermediate systems to communicate information about paths (router to router). Contain routing information tables. Examples: RIP IGRP EIGRP OSPF

5. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY 2 Kinds of Routing Protocols IGPs, Interior Gateway Protocols: used by routers inside an organization’s network EGPs, Exterior Gateway Protocols: used between different organization’s routers

6. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY EGPs We won’t study EGPs in this class. There are two common EGPs: –EGP: Exterior Gateway Protocol –BGP: Border Gateway Protocol BGP is newer and the most common.

7. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY IGPs We study four IGPs in class: –RIP –IGRP –EIGRP –OSPF

8. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY RIP RIP, or Routing Information Protocol –Very old protocol –Uses only one measure, or metric, to determine the desirability of a route: hop count –This type of metric is called distance- vector –Broadcasts routing information to neighbors every 30 seconds by default

9. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hop Count Hop count is the number of routers a packet must past through to reach a destination. RIP always chooses the path that has the fewest hops. (not always the fastest path) RIP can only support routes with a hop count of less than 16. (16 is unreachable).

10. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY IGRP IGRP, or Interior Gateway Routing Protocol –Cisco-proprietary –Uses multiple measures, or metrics, to determine best path, including bandwidth –Distance-vector metric –Preferred over RIP

11. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY OSPF Open Shortest Path First –Non-proprietary –Uses multiple metrics –Updates directly to all routers, not just to neighbors –Link state metric

12. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY EIGRP EIGRP, or Enhanced Interior Gateway Protocol –Cisco-Proprietary –Uses multiple metrics –Combines features of distance vector and link state routing protocols (a cross between IGRP and OSPF)

13. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Static vs. Dynamic Routes Static Route –Configured manually into the router. –Useful for stub networks Dynamic Route –Learned automatically and adjusts for topology or traffic changes –Useful when multiple paths are available

14. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Static vs. Dynamic Routes Which are stub networks? Which offer multiple paths? Where would we use each type of route?

15. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Convergence Link State routing protocols converge faster than distance vector routing protocols.

16. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY End-to-End Routing

17. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Multiprotocol Routing