1. Weekend Cabin Retreat Project Designing the Floor Plan
Sacramento City College
EDT 300
EDT Floor Plan Design

2. Objectives List the information required on a typical floor plan.
Represent typical materials using standard architectural symbols.
Design and draw a residential floor plan using accepted symbols and techniques.
EDT Floor Plan Design

3. Objectives Dimension a floor plan in a clear and precise manner.
Recognize the difference between a good and poor drawing of a floor plan.
EDT Floor Plan Design

4. The Floor Plan
EDT Floor Plan Design

5. The Floor Plan
The floor plan is the heart of a set of construction drawings.
It is the one plan to which all tradeworkers refer.
When designing a residence, the floor plan is usually started first.
EDT Floor Plan Design

6. The Floor Plan The floor plan is actually a section drawing.
An imaginary cutting plane is passed through the structure about four feet above the floor and parallel to it.
EDT Floor Plan Design

7. The Floor Plan
The plane may be higher or lower as necessary to "cut" through the required details.
In some instances, the plane is offset (changes levels) as in the case of a split-level house.
EDT Floor Plan Design

8. EDT Floor Plan Design

9. The Floor Plan
The purpose of the floor plan is to show the location and dimensions of
Exterior and interior walls.
Windows.
Doors.
Major appliances.
Cabinets.
Fireplace.
Other fixed features of the house.
EDT Floor Plan Design

10. The Floor Plan
EDT Floor Plan Design

11. Floor Plan Required Information
The following features should be included on the floor plan
Exterior and interior walls.
Size and location of windows and doors.
Built-in cabinets and appliances.
Permanent fixtures; stairs and fireplaces.
Walks, patios, and decks.
Room names and material symbols.
Location and size dimensions; and scale.
EDT Floor Plan Design

12. Linetypes on Architectural Plan
EDT Floor Plan Design

13. Wall Thickness Chart Wood Frame Walls Concrete Block Walls
Exterior walls
(with sheathing and siding) 6 in.
Interior walls
(with dry wall both sides) 5 in.
Concrete Block Walls
Exterior Walls 8, 10, or 12 in.
Interior Walls or 8 in.
EDT Floor Plan Design

14. Wall Thickness Chart Brick Veneer Exterior Veneer on frame 10 in.
Veneer on concrete block in.
Brick Exterior Walls
Two courses of brick 8 in.
Two courses with 2 inch air space 10 in.
Three courses of brick in.
EDT Floor Plan Design

15. Drawing Walls
Since the floor plan is a section drawing, use symbols to indicate materials used.
EDT Floor Plan Design

16. Drawing Walls
EDT Floor Plan Design

17. Location/Size of Windows and Doors
Indicate location with a center line through the middle of the opening.
The sash opening is shown for windows
The actual door width is used for doors.
Sills are indicated for windows and exterior doors.
The door swing must be indicated on the floor plan.
EDT Floor Plan Design

18. Location/Size of Windows and Doors
EDT Floor Plan Design

19. Location/Size of Windows and Doors
Archways:
To show an archway, use hidden lines to show that the opening does not extend to the ceiling.
Hidden lines
Are used on the floor plan to indicate that a feature is above the cutting plane or hidden by some other detail.
EDT Floor Plan Design

20. Location/Size of Windows and Doors
EDT Floor Plan Design

21. Cabinets, Appliances, Permanent Fixtures
The location and size of
Kitchen cabinets.
Bathroom vanities.
Fixtures.
Appliances
must be indicated on the floor plan.
EDT Floor Plan Design

22. Cabinets, Appliances, Permanent Fixtures
These features are drawn using standard symbols.
Obtain sizes of appliances or fixtures from class handouts.
Use these dimensions when drawing appliances or fixtures.
EDT Floor Plan Design

23. Stairs
Include only basic size and location information on the floor plan.
Details would be included in the set of drawings for specific information for these features.
Stairs
The direction of flight.
The number of risers.
The width of the stairs, is given on the floor plan.
EDT Floor Plan Design

24. Stairs
EDT Floor Plan Design

25. Fireplaces Fireplaces
Basic width.
Length.
Location.
Shape of opening of the fireplace.
A symbol may be used to identify the fireplace.
Other flues that may be housed in the chimney are frequently added to the drawing.
EDT Floor Plan Design

26. Fireplaces - Simple Symbol
EDT Floor Plan Design

27. Fireplaces - Detailed Symbol
EDT Floor Plan Design

28. Walks, Patios, and Decks
Outside Features are included on the floor plan.
Walks, patios, and decks are examples.
Show sizes and materials on the plan.
EDT Floor Plan Design

29. Room Names and Material Symbols
Should be lettered slightly larger (3/16 in.) than surrounding lettering.
Ideal location for the room name
Is the center of the room.
This may be shifted to one side or lowered if center space is unavailable.
EDT Floor Plan Design

30. Room Names and Material Symbols
Show the approximate size of the room immediately below the name.
This is helpful to those not too familiar with construction drawings.
EDT Floor Plan Design

31. Material Symbols Material symbols
are a type of shorthand for the drafter.
Are used rather than try to describe each material with words.
Use a material symbol whenever the material should be identified.
If the symbol is not a standard one, identify it in the drawing Legend.
EDT Floor Plan Design

32. Dimensioning Dimensions
Show the size of a feature or its location.
The importance of proper and careful dimensioning cannot be overemphasized.
Placement of dimensions requires good judgment.
EDT Floor Plan Design

33. Dimensioning
Dimension lines in architectural drawing are generally continuous lines with the dimension figure placed above the line.
Dimensions are always parallel (never perpendicular) to the dimension line.
Use the “tic” as the termination symbol.
EDT Floor Plan Design

34. Dimensioning
Move dimension lines out from the drawing at least 3/4 in.
3/4” placement makes the dimension, as well as the object lines, easily seen.
Spacing dimension lines 1/4 in. or 3/8 in apart.
EDT Floor Plan Design

35. Dimensioning
Dimensions in architectural drawing are recorded in feet and inches.
When the dimension is less than one foot, one of two procedures may be used.
Either
Place a zero in the foot location followed by the number of inches (0-6)
Record the length as so many inches and show the inch mark (6").
EDT Floor Plan Design

36. Dimensioning Interior walls are commonly dimensioned to the center.
A short line is drawn down the middle of the wall at the termination point of the dimension to show that the center is indicated.
EDT Floor Plan Design

37. Dimensioning
EDT Floor Plan Design

38. Dimensioning
Framed exterior walls are dimensioned to the outside of the stud wall.
This usually includes the weather board or sheathing but not the siding.
EDT Floor Plan Design

39. Dimensioning
EDT Floor Plan Design

40. Dimensioning
Solid masonry walls are dimensioned to the outside of the wall.
Brick veneer walls are dimensioned to the outside of the stud wall.
EDT Floor Plan Design

41. Dimensioning
EDT Floor Plan Design

42. Dimensioning
Dimension lines may be located within the house area if that seems to be the logical place for them.
Refrain from using long leaders.
Maximum length of leaders should be two inches.
EDT Floor Plan Design

43. Dimensioning
Show overall dimensions for the length and width of the structure.
Always add all the dimensions which together equal the overall dimension.
Frequent dimensioning error:
Partial dimensions do not add up to equal the total distance.
EDT Floor Plan Design

44. Dimensioning
The overall length and width of major wall segments should be lengths that are multiples of 4 ft.
Building material sizes are made in 4 foot increments.
Unnecessary material waste will result if this rule is not applied.
EDT Floor Plan Design

45. Notes
Notes are required to present information that cannot be represented by a conventional dimension or symbol.
Notes should be brief and located where they will be easy to see.
EDT Floor Plan Design

46. Notes Notes should include only information that is required.
Notes should be lettered 1/8 in. high.
They should be read from bottom of sheet-not from edge..
EDT Floor Plan Design

47. Scale and Sheet Identification
Residential floor plans are usually drawn to a scale of 1/4" = 1 '- O".
A detail may be a larger scale.
The plot plan may be a smaller scale.
EDT Floor Plan Design

48. Scale and Sheet Identification
The size of paper selected for the plans will be determined by the size of the structure.
A sheet of 18" x 24" paper is large enough for most plans.
EDT Floor Plan Design

49. Scale and Sheet Identification
The scale must appear at the bottom of each drawing.
An exception is the pictorial representation of the total house.
EDT Floor Plan Design

50. Scale and Sheet Identification
Number the sheets so the reader may determine if the set is complete is important.
A method that works well is to number each sheet like this:
Sheet 1 of 6
Sheet 2 of 6, etc.
The sheet number should appear in the lower right hand corner of each sheet.
EDT Floor Plan Design

51. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
First Step in designing a house
Determine the requirements of the structure
Record requirements as preliminary sketches.
These rough sketches will provide direction for drawing the plan to scale.
EDT Floor Plan Design

52. EDT Floor Plan Design

53. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
1. Lay out the exterior walls.
Draw the walls as light construction lines.
Be sure that the over-all length and width of the house is measured to the proper place on the walls and that walls are the correct thickness.
EDT Floor Plan Design

54. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
2. Locate the interior walls.
Draw these as light construction lines.
Set your dividers to the desired wall thickness and use them to transfer the dimension.
Use the center of the wall for locating its position.
EDT Floor Plan Design

55. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
3. Determine the location of the windows and doors.
Both of these features will be dimensioned to the center line of the opening (in frame wall construction), so locate it first.
Indicate the swing of doors and type of window used.
Darken in lines used for windows and doors.
EDT Floor Plan Design

56. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
4. Draw the stairs.
If the house has no stairs, skip this step.
Measure the width of the stairs and lay out the treads.
Determine the finished floor-to-finished floor height;
Determine the tread and riser height.
Draw equally spaced lines to represent the stair treads.
Show direction of travel and number of risers.
EDT Floor Plan Design

57. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
5. Locate and draw the fireplace.
Draw the outline in lightly.
Identify the type and size of fireplace that is desired and record these dimensions for further use.
Darken in the fireplace outline and fire chamber size.
EDT Floor Plan Design

58. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
Darken in all exterior and interior walls.
EDT Floor Plan Design

59. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
Steps 3, 4, and 5 shown
EDT Floor Plan Design

60. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
6. Locate and draw walks, patios, or decks.
Carefully think through these elements of the plan.
Select materials and designs that will complement the total structure.
Lay out and draw these parts.
EDT Floor Plan Design

61. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
7. Draw the kitchen cabinets, appliances, and bathroom fixtures.
Kitchen base cabinets are usually 24 in. deep and wall cabinets 12 in. deep.
Base cabinets are shown as solid lines.
Wall cabinets are indicated using a hidden line symbol.
The refrigerator and range are usually deeper than 24 in. and should be represented as such.
EDT Floor Plan Design

62. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
7. Draw the kitchen cabinets, appliances, and bathroom fixtures.
Locate and draw bathroom vanities and fixtures in the same way as kitchen cabinets and appliances.
EDT Floor Plan Design

63. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
8. Add dimensions, notes, and room names.
Keep in mind the guidelines for dimensioning.
Make sure the dimensions are accurate and complete.
Letter the room name in the center of each room and show the approximate room size below the name if desired.
EDT Floor Plan Design

64. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
8. Add dimensions, notes, and room names.
Look over the drawing
Add any general or specific notes that seem warranted.
Note: It is important to show dimensions for all exterior wall features on the wall where they are located.
EDT Floor Plan Design

65. EDT Floor Plan Design

66. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
9. Add material and identification symbols.
Wait until the drawing is nearly finished to add material symbols so they do not interfere with dimensions or notes.
Add the necessary symbols and darken in lines which are light.
All object lines, hidden lines, center lines, etc. on a drawing should be black and only vary in width.
Exceptions are guidelines and construction lines.
EDT Floor Plan Design

67. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
10. Draw the title block and add the scale.
The scale is important and should be placed in a prominent location near the bottom of the drawing.
It may be located in the title block if all drawings on the sheet are the same scale.
EDT Floor Plan Design

68. Procedure for Drawing Floor Plan
10. Draw the title block and add the scale.
The title block should include:
sheet number
name of drawing
scale date
who the drawing is for
who made the drawing
any other pertinent information.
EDT Floor Plan Design

69. EDT Floor Plan Design