1. Lecture 22- Exterior Cladding Systems a.k.a skins ARCH 330 Materials & Methods Fall 2008

2. Cladding/ Curtain Wall Constructed in Place Prefabricated

3. Cladding A.K.A Skin Curtain Wall – glass + metal systems

4. Cladding Non-load bearing exterior wall enclosure. Most visible, most subject to attack by natural forces. Separates indoor environment from outdoors in such a way that the indoor environment can be maintained at a level suitable for the building's intended use.

5. Primary Functions of Cladding Keep Water Out Prevent Air Leakage Control Light ( heat, glare, ultraviolet) Control Radiation of Heat Control Conduction of Heat Control Water Vapor Control Sound

6. Secondary Functions of Cladding Resist Wind Forces: Adjust to Movement: Thermal expansion and contraction, Moisture expansion and contraction, Structural deflections. Resist Fire Weather Gracefully

7. Forces that Move Water Gravity Momentum Surface Tension Capillary Action Wind/ Air Currents

8. Rainscreen Principle Let wind pressure differences between the outside and inside neutralize themselves

9. PEC Pressure Equalization Chamber Pressure equalized wall design Airtight barrier at the internal side Rainscreen - loose fitting jointed layer Current of air can pass back and forth through the unsealed joints.

10. Sealant Joints in Cladding Fill/seal the joints Prevent flow of air and/or water Permit assembly tolerance Permit movement

11. Design Process - Prefabricated (a) Curtain wall manufacturer selected and made a part of the building design team from the first stages of the project. (b) The architect prepares a rough design and performance specification and submit these to several manufacturers for proposals.

12. STICK 1. Anchor 2. Mullion 3. Horz rail 4. Spandrel panel 5. Horz rail 6. Glass

13. Constructed in Place Stiffening Method Steel Sub Frame Back-up Wall of Masonry Back-up Wall of Light Gauge Studs

14. Prefabricated Method of Assembly Stick Unit Unit + Mullion Panel Column Cover + Sprandrel

15. Masonry Constructed in place Prefabricated

16. Metal + Glass Prefabricated

30. Structural Glass

37. Gehry - Guggenheim

38. Nicholas Grimshaw and Partners Ludwig Erhard Haus Financial Centre