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Published byApril Barber Modified over 9 years ago
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Huguenots Saint Bartholomews Day Massacre Edict of Nantes, 1598 “The Most Catholic King” – Philip II William of Orange Queen Elizabeth I Act of Uniformity Mary Queen of Scots Spanish Armada
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Phase One: The Bohemian Period (1618-25) The war begins with the Defenestration of Prague
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Frederick leaves his home in the Palatine (Rhineland) to help defend Bohemia!
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Frederick will flee after his defeat and he and his wife will be known as the Winter King and Queen for their short time in power. He is defeated by Ferdinand’s forces and replaced in Palatinate by Maximilian of Bavaria
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After his victory over Bohemia, Ferdinand re-enforces his empire with Spanish troops. The Spaniards flood into the Catholic German States.
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Stage 2: The Danish Phase (1625-1629) Ferdinand is elected as Holy Roman Emperor again. He confiscates the lands of the Bohemian nobles who had joined Frederick’s cause Jesuits stream into Bohemia to re-convert the Protestants
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He is also Duke of the Duchy of Holstein and a prince of the Holy Roman Empire
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Phase 3: The Swedish Phase (1630- 1635) It seems as if the Reformation will be undone...
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Gustavus is busy fighting in Poland, but Richelieu persuades him to take up the Protestant cause. Richelieu sends money to Sweden
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Sweden wins this phase but Adolphus is killed at the battle of Lutzen in 1632.
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The Swedish French Phase, 1635- 1648 This time, Cardinal Richelieu comes out clearly on the side of the German Protestants and Swedes.
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When France joins, the Spanish retaliate. They sweep down from the Spanish Netherlands and attack France France retaliates by attacking Catalonia, Spain
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Peace talks begin in Westphalia (1644) The Pope and Church are not involved and the Pope does not sign the treaties. (1648) War is over: France gets Alsace Sweden gets West Pomerania Brandenburg gets East Pomerania Dutch Republic and Switzerland both independent Hapsburg Spain is isolated from HRE Calvinism joins Lutheranism and Catholicism as officially recognized religions
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