1. The Challenge of Sustainable Rural Water Supply: A Case Study in Timor- Leste Janina MURTA IWC, Australia Dr Manoj NATH BESIK (RWSSP), Timor-Leste

2. WASH conference 2011 BackgroundConclusionFindings & AnalysisCase Study

3. WASH conference 2011 Background ConclusionFindings & AnalysisCase Study 1985 19901995 2002 2004 Independence referendum Independence 2006 2009 2003 2005 2006 1999 Water Decree Top-down Decentralization & Community Based Development Urban Rural Single/simple village systems Multi-village systems Water systems District Water & Sanitation Services offices Rural areas - community water management Which model?

4. WASH conference 2011 BackgroundConclusionFindings & Analysis Case Study

5. WASH conference 2011  2 springs  18 villages  population > 11000  2 different ethno-linguistic groups  Rehabilitation ended in 2006 Transmission line Distribution line Spring box Break Pressure tank Central reservoir CR Community Tank Legend: BackgroundConclusionFindings & Analysis Case Study CR Portuguese Indonesian Tapo Village

6. WASH conference 2011 BackgroundConclusionFindings & Analysis Case Study Central WMG WMG village Transmission line Distribution line WMG village

7. WASH conference 2011 BackgroundConclusionFindings & Analysis Case Study 1 intake operator 8 village money collectors 3 reservoir operators 2 technicians Transmission line Distribution line Local government bookkeeping money keeping Community technical assistance

8. WASH conference 2011 Tariff collection Bookkeeping Operation & Maintenance Tariff setting Regulation Reporting Monitoring & Information collection Technical assistance Training Coordination & Facilitation BackgroundConclusion Findings & Analysis Case Study Service provision functions Governance functions External support functions

9. WASH conference 2011 BackgroundConclusion Findings & Analysis Case Study  Water service tariffs do not account for productive uses

10. WASH conference 2011 BackgroundConclusion Findings & Analysis Case Study Non sacred spring  Disrupted customary systems Sacred springs  No catchment protection measures – need for holistic approach

11. WASH conference 2011 Background Conclusion Findings & AnalysisCase Study Clarity over service provision functions, governance functions and external support functions and which institutions are better positioned to perform these Recognition and accounting for productive uses of water to  improve the financial sustainability of the system  address inequity issues Holistic perspective of water management that looks beyond the water infrastructure and considers the whole catchment as way of ensuring future water availability and sustainably External support functions should provide for  Assistance in implementing demand management system (assessment of water uses, prioritization and more adequate tariffs)  Training/education in catchment protection  Assistance in bringing back customary law (where possible)

12. WASH conference 2011 Janina Murta IWC Graduate Master of Integrated Water Management Manoj Nath Kumar RWSSP Community Development Advisor Thank you!