1. OGT Test Spring 2008

2. W reacts with X in the equation below. W + X Y + Z according to the law of conservation of mass, how many grams of W must react completely with 225 grams of X to result in 375 grams of product? A. 150 grams B. 225 grams C. 375 grams D. 600 grams

3. Question 2 A. Plan for monitoring safety B. Estimates of the number of participants required for the study C. Data from experiments that have not been performed D. Projected budget for equipment and laboratory personnel

4. Question 3: A. Cell wall B. Ribosome C. Flagellum D. Cytoplasm

5. Question 4: A. Igneous rocks are only found in Germany B. Sedimentary rocks are found in both North America and England C. The rocks found in the table are made up of many of the same minerals D. The rocks found in the table are different types of rocks from different locations

6. Question 5: A. CO 2 B. ATP C. DNA D. RNA

7. Question 6: (Short Answer) Oxygen loss – tropical rainforests generate a large percentage of the world’s atmospheric oxygen. Rainforest destruction has a large effect on the makeup of earth’s atmosphere Loss of animal species – the loss of key organisms in any food web can result in a “domino” effect, which could devastate entire ecosystems

8. Question 7: A. The foot pushes forward on the sidewalk; the sidewalk does not push forward on the foot B. The foot pushes forward on the sidewalk; the sidewalk pushes forward on the foot C. The foot pushes backward on the sidewalk; the sidewalk pushes forward on the foot D. The foot pushes backward on the sidewalk; the sidewalk pushes backward on the foot

9. Question 8: A. It led to the development of equally harmful herbicides B. It encouraged farmers to violate the ban and increase the use of DDT C. It led to the development of more effective, alternative pesticides D. It encouraged farmers to reduce the number of crops grown in their fields

10. Question 9: A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100%

11. Question 10: A. Increasing the genetic diversity in the weed population B. Runoff or absorption of the herbicide into local water sources C. The use of atmospheric carbon dioxide gas for photosynthesis D. The effect of the herbicide on pepper production in the treated plots

12. Question 11: A. Increased consumption of weeds by insects B. Competition between weeds and pepper plants C. A lack of nutrients in the soil resulting from herbicide application D. A reduction in the amount of sunlight received by weeds growing under pepper plants

13. Question 12: (short answer) Some weeds may have received a smaller amount of the herbicide than other weeds (unequal application within the plot). You can test this hypothesis by determining the concentration of herbicide in the tissues of the live weeds and comparing them to the concentrations in the dead weeds

14. Question 13: A. Radioactive elements decay at a constant and measurable rate B. All radioactive elements used for dating purposes have the same decay rate C. Elements used for radiometric dating have both radioactive and non-radioactive isotopes D. Non-radioactive isotopes decay at the same rate as radioactive isotopes

15. Question 14: A. Wave Y has greater speed B. Wave Y has less energy C. Wave Y has a lower frequency D. Wave Y has a shorter wavelength

16. Question 15: A. A potential volcanic eruption B. A reversal of earth’s magnetic field C. A change in the composition of earth’s crust D. Decreased thermal energy transfer within earth

17. Question 16: A. Yes, but neon is a rare gas and difficult to obtain B. No, neon needs six electrons to fill its outermost level C. Yes, neon needs six electrons to fill its outermost level D. No, neon has eight electrons in its outermost level and is stable

18. Question 17: A. Electrons in substance A are able to move more easily than electrons in substance B B. There is more energy stored in chemical bonds in substance A than there is in substance B C. The atomic nuclei in substance A have more mass than the atomic nuclei in substance B D. Substance A contains a higher percentage of radioactive atoms than does substance B

19. Question 18: (short answer) Benefits: More lives might be saved Their effectiveness can be more quickly evaluated and if necessary you can research new treatments Hazards: Overlooked side effects = complications or death Interactions with other drugs not properly assessed Long term side effects not assessed