Let’s Get Technical: Standards, Best Practices, and Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way For Montana Department of Transportation.

Let’s Get Technical: Standards, Best Practices, and Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way For Montana Department of Transportation presented by Geoff Ames April 2, 2014

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This Session Will Cover:
Highlights of the comparison of available guidelines, standards, and best practices for pedestrian facilities in the public right-of-way Introduction/Background Elements of Pedestrian Facilities Scoping – where, when, how many Technical provisions –design specifications

THE Rules to Follow? Revised Draft Guidelines for Accessible Public Rights-of-Way (11/23/2005) ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities (11/29/2006) ADA Standards for Accessible Design (9/15/2010) Proposed Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way (7/26/2011) Proposed Supplements to Proposed Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way; Shared Use Paths (2/13/2013)

Standards vs. Guidelines
Standards are enforceable scoping and technical provisions that have been adopted by federal regulation Guidelines are recommended scoping and technical provisions developed by committee (U.S. Access Board) Guidelines adopted as best practices are not enforceable

Elements of Pedestrian Facilities
Pedestrian Access Route (PAR) Alternate Pedestrian Access Route Pedestrian Crossings Curb Ramps and Blended Transitions Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS) Protruding Objects Pedestrian Signs

Street Furniture Bus/Transit Stops Stairways Handrails Vertical Access On-Street Parking Passenger Loading Zones

Call Boxes Transit Platforms Escalators Detectable Warning Surfaces Doors, Doorways, and Gates

Scoping When? Where? How many?

PROWAG 2005 Scoping All newly designed and newly constructed facilities located in public right-of-way All altered portions of existing facilities located in public right-of-way… to maximum extent feasible CHAPTER R2: SCOPING REQUIREMENTS R201 Application R201.1 Scope. All newly designed and newly constructed facilities located in the public right-of-way shall comply with these requirements. All altered portions of existing facilities located in the public right-of-way shall comply with these requirements to the maximum extent feasible. Advisory R201.1 Scope. This document (see R101.1General) covers facilities for pedestrian circulation and use in the right-of-way. Examples of facilities include, but are not limited to, walkways and sidewalks, street or highway shoulders where pedestrians are not prohibited, crosswalks, islands and medians, overpasses and underpasses, on-street parking spaces and loading zones, and equipment, signals, signs, street furniture, and other appurtenances provided for pedestrians. Examples of facilities not included are manholes and utility vaults. These requirements are to be applied to all areas of a facility within the scope or limits of the planned project unless expressly exempted or limited with respect to the number of multiple elements required to be accessible. For example, not all benches are required to be accessible; those that are not required to be accessible are not required to comply with these requirements or to be served by a pedestrian access route. R201.3 Requirements for Buildings and Structures. Buildings, structures, and similar facilities constructed in the public right-of-way but not specified in this document shall comply with the applicable requirements in 36 CFR part 1191 (the ADA and ABA Accessibility Guidelines). R Buildings and Structures Covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act. Buildings, structures, and similar facilities covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) shall comply with Appendices B and D to 36 CFR part 1191 (the ADA and ABA Accessibility Guidelines). R Buildings and Structures Covered by the Architectural Barriers Act. Buildings, structures, and similar facilities covered by the Architectural Barriers Act (ABA) shall comply with Appendices C and D to 36 CFR part 1191. R202 Alterations and Additions to Existing Facilities R202.1 General. Additions and alterations to existing facilities shall comply with R202. Advisory R202.1 General. Alterations include, but are not limited to, renovation, rehabilitation, reconstruction, historic restoration, resurfacing of circulation paths or vehicular ways, or changes or rearrangement of structural parts or elements of a facility. The U.S. Department of Justice Title II regulation at 28 CFR (e) requires that curb ramps be installed whenever pedestrian walkways on sidewalks and across streets are newly constructed or altered. A 1993 case, Kinney v. Yerusalim, 9 F.3d 1067 (3d Cir. 1993), cert. denied, 511 U.S (1994), held that resurfacing of a street constitutes an alteration that requires the installation of curb ramps (for text see Pavement patching and liquid-applied sealing, lane restriping, and short-term maintenance activities are not alterations.

PROWAG 2011 Scoping All newly constructed facilities, altered portions of existing facilities, and elements added to existing facilities for pedestrian circulation and use located in public right-of-way R201 Application R201.1 Scope. All newly constructed facilities, altered portions of existing facilities, and elements added to existing facilities for pedestrian circulation and use located in the public right-of-way shall comply with the requirements in this document. Advisory R201.1 Scope. The requirements in this document are to be applied to all areas of a facility within the scope of the project. Where multiple features of the same type are provided, such as on-street parking spaces, and a percentage of the features are required to be accessible, only the required number of features must comply with the technical requirements in this document and be connected to a pedestrian access route. Where elements are provided on a site that is a designated portion of a public right-of-way, the elements are required to comply with the applicable requirements in this document instead of the requirements in the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities and the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines (36 CFR part 1191). R201.3 Buildings and Structures. Buildings and structures in the public right-of-way that are not covered by the requirements in this document shall comply with the applicable requirements in 36 CFR part 1191. Advisory R201.3 Buildings and Structures. Towers and temporary performance stages and reviewing stands are examples of structures that may be provided in the public right-of-way and are not covered by the requirements in this document. These structures are required to comply with the applicable requirements in the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities and the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines (36 CFR part 1191). R202 Alterations and Elements Added to Existing Facilities R202.1 General. Alterations and elements added to existing facilities shall comply with R202. Where elements are altered or added and the pedestrian circulation path to the altered or added elements is not altered, the pedestrian circulation path is not required to comply with R204. Advisory R202.1 General. Where possible, added elements should be located on an existing pedestrian access route. R202.2 Added Elements. Where elements are added to existing facilities, the added elements shall comply with the applicable requirements for new construction. R202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements, spaces, or facilities are altered, each altered element, space, or facility within the scope of the project shall comply with the applicable requirements for new construction. Advisory R202.3 Alterations. The alteration of multiple elements or spaces within a facility may provide a cost-effective opportunity to make the entire facility or a significant portion of the facility accessible. R Existing Physical Constraints. Where existing physical constraints make it impracticable for altered elements, spaces, or facilities to fully comply with the requirements for new construction, compliance is required to the extent practicable within the scope of the project. Existing physical constraints include, but are not limited to, underlying terrain, right-of-way availability, underground structures, adjacent developed facilities, drainage, or the presence of a notable natural or historic feature.

2010 ADA Standards Scoping All areas of newly designed and newly constructed buildings and facilities and altered portions of existing buildings and facilities 201 Application 201.1 Scope. All areas of newly designed and newly constructed buildings and facilities and altered portions of existing buildings and facilities shall comply with these requirements. Advisory Scope. These requirements are to be applied to all areas of a facility unless exempted, or where scoping limits the number of multiple elements required to be accessible. For example, not all medical care patient rooms are required to be accessible; those that are not required to be accessible are not required to comply with these requirements. However, common use and public use spaces such as recovery rooms, examination rooms, and cafeterias are not exempt from these requirements and must be accessible. 201.2 Application Based on Building or Facility Use. Where a site, building, facility, room, or space contains more than one use, each portion shall comply with the applicable requirements for that use. 201.3 Temporary and Permanent Structures. These requirements shall apply to temporary and permanent buildings and facilities. Advisory Temporary and Permanent Structures. Temporary buildings or facilities covered by these requirements include, but are not limited to, reviewing stands, temporary classrooms, bleacher areas, stages, platforms and daises, fixed furniture systems, wall systems, and exhibit areas, temporary banking facilities, and temporary health screening facilities. Structures and equipment directly associated with the actual processes of construction are not required to be accessible as permitted in 202 Existing Buildings and Facilities 202.1 General. Additions and alterations to existing buildings or facilities shall comply with 202. 202.2 Additions. Each addition to an existing building or facility shall comply with the requirements for new construction. Each addition that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function shall comply with 202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements or spaces are altered, each altered element or space shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 2. EXCEPTIONS:1. Unless required by 202.4, where elements or spaces are altered and the circulation path to the altered element or space is not altered, an accessible route shall not be required. 2. In alterations, where compliance with applicable requirements is technically infeasible, the alteration shall comply with the requirements to the maximum extent feasible. 3. Residential dwelling units not required to be accessible in compliance with a standard issued pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, shall not be required to comply with Advisory Alterations. Although covered entities are permitted to limit the scope of an alteration to individual elements, the alteration of multiple elements within a room or space may provide a cost-effective opportunity to make the entire room or space accessible. Any elements or spaces of the building or facility that are required to comply with these requirements must be made accessible within the scope of the alteration, to the maximum extent feasible. If providing accessibility in compliance with these requirements for people with one type of disability (e.g., people who use wheelchairs) is not feasible, accessibility must still be provided in compliance with the requirements for people with other types of disabilities (e.g., people who have hearing impairments or who have vision impairments) to the extent that such accessibility is feasible. Prohibited Reduction in Access. An alteration that decreases or has the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a building or facility below the requirements for new construction at the time of the alteration is prohibited. Extent of Application. An alteration of an existing element, space, or area of a building or facility shall not impose a requirement for accessibility greater than required for new construction. 202.4 Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas. In addition to the requirements of 202.3, an alteration that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function shall be made so as to ensure that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of travel to the altered area, including the rest rooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the altered area, are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, unless such alterations are disproportionate to the overall alterations in terms of cost and scope as determined under criteria established by the Attorney General. In existing transportation facilities, an area of primary function shall be as defined under regulations published by the Secretary of the Department of Transportation or the Attorney General.

ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Scoping
All areas of newly designed and newly constructed buildings and facilities and altered portions of existing buildings and facilities 201 Application 201.1 Scope. All areas of newly designed and newly constructed buildings and facilities and altered portions of existing buildings and facilities shall comply with these requirements. Advisory Scope. These requirements are to be applied to all areas of a facility unless exempted, or where scoping limits the number of multiple elements required to be accessible. For example, not all medical care patient rooms are required to be accessible; those that are not required to be accessible are not required to comply with these requirements. However, common use and public use spaces such as recovery rooms, examination rooms, and cafeterias are not exempt from these requirements and must be accessible. 201.2 Application Based on Building or Facility Use. Where a site, building, facility, room, or space contains more than one use, each portion shall comply with the applicable requirements for that use. 201.3 Temporary and Permanent Structures. These requirements shall apply to temporary and permanent buildings and facilities. Advisory Temporary and Permanent Structures. Temporary buildings or facilities covered by these requirements include, but are not limited to, reviewing stands, temporary classrooms, bleacher areas, stages, platforms and daises, fixed furniture systems, wall systems, and exhibit areas, temporary banking facilities, and temporary health screening facilities. Structures and equipment directly associated with the actual processes of construction are not required to be accessible as permitted in 202 Existing Buildings and Facilities 202.1 General. Additions and alterations to existing buildings or facilities shall comply with 202. 202.2 Additions. Each addition to an existing building or facility shall comply with the requirements for new construction. Each addition that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function shall comply with 202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements or spaces are altered, each altered element or space shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 2. EXCEPTIONS: 1. Unless required by 202.4, where elements or spaces are altered and the circulation path to the altered element or space is not altered, an accessible route shall not be required. 2. In alterations, where compliance with applicable requirements is technically infeasible, the alteration shall comply with the requirements to the maximum extent feasible. 3. Residential dwelling units not required to be accessible in compliance with a standard issued pursuant to the Americans with Disabilities Act or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, shall not be required to comply with Advisory Alterations. Although covered entities are permitted to limit the scope of an alteration to individual elements, the alteration of multiple elements within a room or space may provide a cost-effective opportunity to make the entire room or space accessible. Any elements or spaces of the building or facility that are required to comply with these requirements must be made accessible within the scope of the alteration, to the maximum extent feasible. If providing accessibility in compliance with these requirements for people with one type of disability (e.g., people who use wheelchairs) is not feasible, accessibility must still be provided in compliance with the requirements for people with other types of disabilities (e.g., people who have hearing impairments or who have vision impairments) to the extent that such accessibility is feasible. Prohibited Reduction in Access. An alteration that decreases or has the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a building or facility below the requirements for new construction at the time of the alteration is prohibited. Extent of Application. An alteration of an existing element, space, or area of a building or facility shall not impose a requirement for accessibility greater than required for new construction. 202.4 Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas. In addition to the requirements of 202.3, an alteration that affects or could affect the usability of or access to an area containing a primary function shall be made so as to ensure that, to the maximum extent feasible, the path of travel to the altered area, including the rest rooms, telephones, and drinking fountains serving the altered area, are readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, unless such alterations are disproportionate to the overall alterations in terms of cost and scope as determined under criteria established by the Attorney General. In existing transportation facilities, an area of primary function shall be as defined under regulations published by the Secretary of the Department of Transportation or the Attorney General. EXCEPTION: Residential dwelling units shall not be required to comply with Advisory Alterations Affecting Primary Function Areas. An area of a building or facility containing a major activity for which the building or facility is intended is a primary function area. Department of Justice ADA regulations state, “Alterations made to provide an accessible path of travel to the altered area will be deemed disproportionate to the overall alteration when the cost exceeds 20% of the cost of the alteration to the primary function area.” (28 CFR (f)(1)). See also Department of Transportation ADA regulations, which use similar concepts in the context of public sector transportation facilities (49 CFR (e)(1)). There can be multiple areas containing a primary function in a single building. Primary function areas are not limited to public use areas. For example, both a bank lobby and the bank’s employee areas such as the teller areas and walk-in safe are primary function areas. Also, mixed use facilities may include numerous primary function areas for each use. Areas containing a primary function do not include: mechanical rooms, boiler rooms, supply storage rooms, employee lounges or locker rooms, janitorial closets, entrances, corridors, or restrooms.

SNPR – Shared Use Paths 2013 Scoping
All newly constructed facilities, altered portions of existing facilities, and elements added to existing facilities for pedestrian circulation and use located in public right-of-way R201 Application R201.1 Scope. All newly constructed facilities, altered portions of existing facilities, and elements added to existing facilities for pedestrian circulation and use located in the public right-of-way shall comply with the requirements in this document. Advisory R201.1 Scope. The requirements in this document are to be applied to all areas of a facility within the scope of the project. Where multiple features of the same type are provided, such as on-street parking spaces, and a percentage of the features are required to be accessible, only the required number of features must comply with the technical requirements in this document and be connected to a pedestrian access route. Where elements are provided on a site that is a designated portion of a public right-of-way, the elements are required to comply with the applicable requirements in this document instead of the requirements in the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities and the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines (36 CFR part 1191). R201.2 Temporary and Permanent Facilities. The requirements in this document shall apply to temporary and permanent facilities in the public right-of-way. Advisory R201.2 Temporary and Permanent Facilities. Temporary pedestrian circulation paths around work zones and portable public toilets are examples of temporary facilities in the public right-of-way that are covered by the requirements in this document. R201.3 Buildings and Structures. Buildings and structures in the public right-of-way that are not covered by the requirements in this document shall comply with the applicable requirements in 36 CFR part 1191. Advisory R201.3 Buildings and Structures. Towers and temporary performance stages and reviewing stands are examples of structures that may be provided in the public right-of-way and are not covered by the requirements in this document. These structures are required to comply with the applicable requirements in the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities and the Architectural Barriers Act Accessibility Guidelines (36 CFR part 1191). R202 Alterations and Elements Added to Existing Facilities R202.1 General. Alterations and elements added to existing facilities shall comply with R202. Where elements are altered or added and the pedestrian circulation path to the altered or added elements is not altered, the pedestrian circulation path is not required to comply with R204. Advisory R202.1 General. Where possible, added elements should be located on an existing pedestrian access route. R202.2 Added Elements. Where elements are added to existing facilities, the added elements shall comply with the applicable requirements for new construction. R202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements, spaces, or facilities are altered, each altered element, space, or facility within the scope of the project shall comply with the applicable requirements for new construction. Advisory R202.3 Alterations. The alteration of multiple elements or spaces within a facility may provide a cost-effective opportunity to make the entire facility or a significant portion of the facility accessible. R Existing Physical Constraints. Where existing physical constraints make it impracticable for altered elements, spaces, or facilities to fully comply with the requirements for new construction, compliance is required to the extent practicable within the scope of the project. Existing physical constraints include, but are not limited to, underlying terrain, right-of-way availability, underground structures, adjacent developed facilities, drainage, or the presence of a notable natural or historic feature.

Transitional Segments - Scoping
PROWAG 2005: connecting to existing unaltered segments must comply (R301) to maximum extent feasible PROWAG 2011 and SUPs: of PARs must connect to existing unaltered segments of pedestrian circulation paths & comply (R302) to extent practicable 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards: no scoping PROWAG 2005 R Transitional Segments. Transitional segments connecting to existing unaltered segments shall comply with R301 to the maximum extent feasible. Advisory R Transitional Segments. It is often possible to construct transitional segments that blend between existing undisturbed facilities and newly-altered elements. This may permit the work of the alteration to more nearly meet the new construction standards. At a later time, when other walkway segments are altered, the non-complying transitional segments can be removed and replaced with complying work. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs R Transitional Segments. Transitional segments of pedestrian access routes shall connect to existing unaltered segments of pedestrian circulation paths and shall comply with R302 to the extent practicable. 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards [nothing]

Prohibited Reduction in Required Access
PROWAG 2005, 2011, & SUPs: An alteration shall not decrease or have effect of decreasing accessibility of a facility or an accessible connection to an adjacent building/site. 2010 ADA & Transportation Standards: An alteration that decreases or has effect of decreasing accessibility of a building or facility… is prohibited. PROWAG 2005 R Prohibited Reduction in Required Access. An alteration shall not decrease or have the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a facility or an accessible connection to an adjacent building or site below the requirements for new construction in effect at the time of the alteration. Advisory R Prohibited Reduction in Access. Sidewalk improvements that correct existing excessive cross slope should be carefully planned to avoid the imposition of barriers elsewhere, as, for example, creating excessive slope in a curb ramp or adding a step at an existing building entrance. Solutions that have been successfully implemented include: 1)split sidewalks that serve entrances and roadway at separate levels; 2)sidewalk widths of greater cross slope at street edge, with a pedestrian access route at lesser cross slope along building entrances; 3)a pedestrian access route along the curb, with ramped entrances along the shop fronts. Where facilities are newly-constructed or altered along an existing sidewalk, it may not always be possible to provide the required level landing at an entrance or other feature required to be accessible without altering the sidewalk. Often, the jurisdiction will require the developer of a new or altered facility on a site served by the sidewalk to redesign and replace the public sidewalk as a part of the permit for construction. Careful coordination between public and private planning is the usual practice. R Extent of Application. An alteration of an existing element, space, or area of a facility shall not impose a requirement for accessibility greater than required for new construction. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R Reduction in Access Prohibited. An alteration shall not decrease or have the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a facility or an accessible connection to an adjacent building or site below the requirements for new construction in effect at the time of the alteration. Advisory R Reduction in Access Prohibited. Sidewalk improvements that correct existing excessive cross slope should be carefully planned to avoid creating excessive slope in curb ramps or adding a step at existing building entrances. Solutions may include: Split sidewalks that serve building entrances and street or highway at separate levels; Sidewalks with greater cross slope along the curb and pedestrian access routes with lesser cross slope along building fronts; Pedestrian access routes along the curb and ramped entrances to buildings. 2010 ADA & Transportation Standards Prohibited Reduction in Access. An alteration that decreases or has the effect of decreasing the accessibility of a building or facility below the requirements for new construction at the time of the alteration is prohibited. Extent of Application. An alteration of an existing element, space, or area of a building or facility shall not impose a requirement for accessibility greater than required for new construction.

PROWAG 2005 Advisory: Sidewalk improvements that correct existing excessive cross slope should be carefully planned to avoid imposition of barriers elsewhere, as, for example, creating excessive slope in a curb ramp or adding a step at an existing building entrance.

PROWAG 2011 & SUPs Sidewalk improvements that correct existing excessive cross slope should be carefully planned to avoid creating excessive slope in curb ramps or adding a step at existing building entrances. 2010 ADA & Transportation Standards: Say nothing about sidewalks

Pedestrian Access Route
PROWAG 2005 Pedestrian circulation paths shall contain a PAR complying with R301 which connects to facilities, elements, and spaces required to be accessible by Chapter R2 and to accessible routes required to connect to public streets and sidewalks by section of appendix B to 36 CFR part 1191 or section F of appendix C of 36 CFR 1191. PROWAG 2005 R204 Pedestrian Access Route Pedestrian circulation paths shall contain a pedestrian access route complying with R301 which connects to facilities, elements, and spaces required to be accessible by Chapter R2 and to accessible routes required to connect to public streets and sidewalks by section of appendix B to 36 CFR part 1191 (the ADA and ABA Accessibility Guidelines) or section F of appendix C of 36 CFR 1191 (the ADA and ABA Accessibility Guidelines). Where a pedestrian circulation path is provided in the street, along a highway, or within a shoulder, it shall contain a pedestrian access route. Advisory R204 Pedestrian Access Route. The pedestrian access route is a portion of the general pedestrian circulation path, which may include walkways, sidewalks, street crossings and crosswalks, and overpasses and underpasses, courtyards, elevators, platform lifts, stairs, ramps and landings. Where sidewalks are not provided, pedestrian circulation paths maybe provided in the street, highway, or shoulder unless pedestrian use is prohibited. This provision does not require a pedestrian access route if a pedestrian circulation path is not provided. R205 Alternate Pedestrian Access Route When an existing pedestrian access route is blocked by construction, alteration, maintenance, or other temporary conditions, an alternate pedestrian access route complying to the maximum extent feasible with R301, R302, and Section 6D.01 and 6D.02 of the MUTCD (incorporated by reference; see R ) shall be provided. Advisory R205 Alternate Pedestrian Access Route. Same-side travel is preferred because it does not increase pedestrian exposure and risk of accident consequent upon added street crossings. A route that uses vehicle lane width may be shorter, safer, and more usable than one that requires two street crossings, even if the roadway surface is imperfect. Part 6D.01 of the MUTCD requires alternate routes to provide the best elements of accessibility provided in the pedestrian circulation route before its disruption.

PROWAG 2011 & SUPs PARs shall be provided in accordance with R204 and shall comply with R302. 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards Have no scoping requirement specific to pedestrian access routes in public right-of-way PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R204 Pedestrian Access Routes R204.1 General. Pedestrian access routes shall be provided in accordance with R204 and shall comply with R302. Advisory R204.1 General. The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has issued guidance on the obligations of state and local governments to keep pedestrian access routes open and usable throughout the year, including snow and debris removal. The guidance is available at FHWA’s website: R204.2 Sidewalks. A pedestrian access route shall be provided within sidewalks and other pedestrian circulation paths located in the public right-of-way. The pedestrian access route shall connect to accessible elements, spaces, and facilities required by this document and to accessible routes required by section of appendix B to 36 CFR part 1191 or section F of appendix C to 36 CFR 1191 that connect building and facility entrances to public streets and sidewalks. Advisory R204.2 Sidewalks. The accessible elements, spaces, and facilities located in the public right-of-way that pedestrian access routes must connect to include accessible pedestrian signals and pedestrian pushbuttons (see R209), street furniture (see R212), boarding and alighting areas and boarding platforms at transit stops (see R213 and R ), transit shelters (see R213 and R308.2), accessible on-street parking spaces (see R214 and R309), parking meters and parking pay stations serving accessible parking spaces (see R309.5), and accessible passenger loading zones (see R215 and R310).

Street Crossings PROWAG 2005 PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Where pedestrian street/rail track crossing is provided, it shall contain a compliant PAR. Where a pedestrian rail crossing is not contained within a street/highway, compliant detectable warning shall be provided. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs PAR shall be provided within pedestrian street crossings, including medians, & pedestrian refuge islands, & pedestrian at-grade rail crossings. PROWAG 2005 R206 Pedestrian Crossings Where a pedestrian street or rail track crossing is provided, it shall contain a pedestrian access route complying with R301 and the applicable provisions of R305. Where a pedestrian rail crossing is not contained within a street or highway, a detectable warning shall be provided in compliance with R304. Advisory R206 Pedestrian Crossings. When tracks are located in a street or highway that has a pedestrian route, the detectable warnings at the curb ramps make a second set of detectable warnings at the rail unnecessary in most applications. When rail tracks are not associated with a street or highway, they must have detectable warnings across the pedestrian access route on either side. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R204.3 Pedestrian Street Crossings. A pedestrian access route shall be provided within pedestrian street crossings, including medians and pedestrian refuge islands, and pedestrian at-grade rail crossings. The pedestrian access route shall connect departure and arrival sidewalks.

Street Crossings 2010 ADA and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Make no mention of street crossings

Curb Ramps & Blended Transitions
PROWAG 2005 Compliant curb ramp or blended transition, or a combination of curb ramps and blended transitions, shall connect PAR to each pedestrian street crossing within width of each crosswalk. PROWAG 2011 & SUPs Compliant curb ramp, blended transition, or a combination of curb ramps and blended transitions shall connect PARs at each pedestrian street crossing. … within width of the pedestrian street crossing… PROWAG 2005 R207 Curb Ramps and Blended Transitions A curb ramp or blended transition complying with R303, or a combination of curb ramps and blended transitions, shall connect the pedestrian access route to each pedestrian street crossing within the width of each crosswalk. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R207 Curb Ramps and Blended Transitions R207.1 General. A curb ramp, blended transition, or a combination of curb ramps and blended transitions complying with R304 shall connect the pedestrian access routes at each pedestrian street crossing. The curb ramp (excluding any flared sides) or blended transition shall be contained wholly within the width of the pedestrian street crossing served.

Curb Ramps & Blended Transitions
2010 ADA & Transportation Standards Have no specific scoping provision for curb ramps However, (DOJ’s) Part 35 regulations require: “curb ramps or other sloped areas where pedestrian walks cross curbs” (d)(2) (DOT’s) Part 37 regulations do not scope curb ramps 35.150(d)(2) (2) If a public entity has responsibility or authority over streets, roads, or walkways, its transition plan shall include a schedule for providing curb ramps or other sloped areas where pedestrian walks cross curbs, giving priority to walkways serving entities covered by the Act, including State and local government offices and facilities, transportation, places of public accommodation, and employers, followed by walkways serving other areas.

Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS)
PROWAG 2005 Where pedestrian signals are provided at pedestrian street crossings, they must be compliant. PROWAG 2011 & SUPs Where pedestrian signals are provided at pedestrian street crossings, they shall include accessible pedestrian signals and pedestrian pushbuttons complying with sections 4E.08 through 4E.13 of the MUTCD. PROWAG 2005 R208 Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS) Where pedestrian signals are provided at pedestrian street crossings, they shall comply with R306. PROWAG 2011 & SUPs R209 Accessible Pedestrian Signals and Pedestrian Pushbuttons R209.1 General. Where pedestrian signals are provided at pedestrian street crossings, they shall include accessible pedestrian signals and pedestrian pushbuttons complying with sections 4E.08 through 4E.13 of the MUTCD (incorporated by reference, see R104.2). Operable parts shall comply with R403. Advisory R209 Accessible Pedestrian Signals and Pedestrian Pushbuttons. An accessible pedestrian signal and pedestrian pushbutton is an integrated device that communicates information about the WALK and DON’T WALK intervals at signalized intersections in non-visual formats (i.e., audible tones and vibrotactile surfaces) to pedestrians who are blind or have low vision. R209.2 Alterations. Existing pedestrian signals shall comply with R209.1 when the signal controller and software are altered, or the signal head is replaced.

Accessible Pedestrian Signals (APS)
2010 ADA and Transportation Standards Have no scoping or technical provisions for APS

On-Street Parking 309-2-1 Wide Sidewalks On-street Parking
Narrow Sidewalks On-street Parking

On-Street Parking PROWAG 2005
Where on-street parking is marked or metered, accessible parking spaces complying with R308 shall be provided on block perimeter in accordance with Table R216. R216 On-Street Parking Where on-street parking is marked or metered, accessible parking spaces complying with R308 shall be provided on the block perimeter in accordance with Table R216. Advisory R216 On-Street Parking. Accessible on-street parking spaces are best located where the street has the least crown and grade and close to key destinations. Adjacent sidewalk space should be free of obstructions (including curb ramps) to permit deployment of a van side-lift.

Table R216 Accessible Parking Spaces
Total Number of Marked or Metered Parking Spaces on the Block Perimeter Minimum Required Number of Accessible Parking Spaces 1 to 25 1 26 to 50 2 51 to 75 3 76 to 100 4 101 to 150 5 151 to 200 6 201 and over 4% of total

On-Street Parking PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Where on-street parking is provided on block perimeter and parking is marked or metered, accessible parking spaces complying with R309 shall be provided in accordance with Table R214. Where parking pay stations are provided and parking is not marked, each 20 feet of block perimeter where parking is permitted shall be counted as one parking space. R214 On-Street Parking Spaces. Where on-street parking is provided on the block perimeter and the parking is marked or metered, accessible parking spaces complying with R309 shall be provided in accordance with Table R214. Where parking pay stations are provided and the parking is not marked, each 6.1 m (20.0 ft) of block perimeter where parking is permitted shall be counted as one parking space. Advisory R214 On-Street Parking Spaces. The MUTCD contains provisions for marking on-street parking spaces (see section 3B.19). Metered parking includes parking metered by parking pay stations. Where parking on part of the block perimeter is altered, the minimum number of accessible parking spaces required is based on the total number of marked or metered parking spaces on the block perimeter.

On-Street Parking 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Have no scoping or technical provisions for on-street parking

Passenger Loading Zones
PROWAG 2005 Where passenger loading zones are provided, a minimum of one passenger loading zone shall be provided in every continuous 100 feet of loading zone space or fraction thereof. R217 Passenger Loading Zones Where passenger loading zones are provided, a minimum of one passenger loading zone complying with R412 shall be provided in every continuous 30 m (100 ft) of loading zone space or fraction thereof.

Passenger Loading Zones
PROWAG 2011, SUPs, 2010 ADA, and Transportation Standards Where passenger loading zones other than transit (bus) stops are provided, at least one accessible passenger loading zone shall be provided for each 30m/100 feet of continuous loading zone space or fraction thereof. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R215 Passenger Loading Zones. Where passenger loading zones other than transit stops are provided, at least one accessible passenger loading zone complying with R310 shall be provided for each 30 m (100.0 ft) of continuous loading zone space or fraction thereof. 2010 ADA Standards and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities 209.2 Type. Where provided, passenger loading zones shall comply with Passenger Loading Zones. Passenger loading zones, except those required to comply with and , shall provide at least one passenger loading zone complying with 503 in every continuous 100 linear feet (30 m) of loading zone space, or fraction thereof.

Detectable Warnings PROWAG 2005
Detectable warning surfaces shall comply with R304. Scoping requirement for curb ramps, blended transitions, and landings is advisory only Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have detectable warnings along full length of public use area of platform. R221 Detectable Warning Surfaces Detectable warning surfaces shall comply with R304. Advisory R221 Detectable Warning Surfaces. Detectable warning surfaces are required where curb ramps, blended transitions, or landings provide a flush pedestrian connection to the street. Sidewalk crossings of residential driveways should not generally be provided with detectable warnings, since the pedestrian right-of-way continues across most driveway aprons and overuse of detectable warning surfaces should be avoided in the interests of message clarity. However, where commercial driveways are provided with traffic control devices or otherwise are permitted to operate like public streets, detectable warnings should be provided at the junction between the pedestrian route and the street.

Detectable Warnings PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Detectable warning surfaces shall be provided at following locations on PARs and at transit stops: 1) Curb ramps and blended transitions at pedestrian street crossings; 2) Pedestrian refuge islands; 3) Pedestrian at-grade rail crossings not located within street/highway; 4) Boarding platforms at transit stops for buses and rail vehicles where edges of boarding platform are not protected by screens or guards; 5) Boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk or street level transit stops for rail vehicles where side of boarding and alighting areas facing rail vehicles is not protected by screens or guards. R208 Detectable Warning Surfaces R208.1 Where Required. Detectable warning surfaces complying with R305 shall be provided at the following locations on pedestrian access routes and at transit stops: 1) Curb ramps and blended transitions at pedestrian street crossings; 2) Pedestrian refuge islands; 3) Pedestrian at-grade rail crossings not located within a street or highway; 4) Boarding platforms at transit stops for buses and rail vehicles where the edges of the boarding platform are not protected by screens or guards; and 5) Boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk or street level transit stops for rail vehicles where the side of the boarding and alighting areas facing the rail vehicles is not protected by screens or guards. Advisory R208.1 Where Required. On pedestrian access routes, detectable warning surfaces indicate the boundary between pedestrian and vehicular routes where there is a flush rather than a curbed connection. Detectable warning surfaces should not be provided at crossings of residential driveways since the pedestrian right-of-way continues across residential driveway aprons. However, where commercial driveways are provided with yield or stop control, detectable warning surfaces should be provided at the junction between the pedestrian route and the vehicular route. Where pedestrian at-grade rail crossings are located within a street or highway, detectable warning surfaces at the curb ramps or blended transitions make a second set of detectable warning surfaces at the rail crossing unnecessary. Detectable warning surfaces are not intended to provide wayfinding for pedestrians who are blind or have low vision. Wayfinding can be made easier by: Sidewalks that provide a clear path free of street furniture; Visual contrast between walking and non-walking areas (e.g., planted borders); Route edges that are clear and detectable by cane; Direct pedestrian street crossings and curb ramps that are in-line with direction of travel; Small corner radiuses that permit pedestrian street crossings to be as short and direct as possible; Orthogonal intersections that facilitate navigation using parallel and perpendicular vehicle sound cues; and Barriers where pedestrian travel or crossing is not permitted. R208.2 Where Not Required. Detectable warning surfaces are not required at pedestrian refuge islands that are cut-through at street level and are less than 1.8 meters (6.0 ft) in length in the direction of pedestrian travel. Advisory R208.2 Where Not Required. Detectable warning surfaces are not required at cut-through pedestrian refuge islands that are less than 1.8 meters (6.0 ft) in length because detectable warning surfaces must extend 610 millimeters (2.0 ft) minimum on each side of the island and be separated by 610 millimeters (2.0 ft) minimum length of island without detectable warning surfaces (see R and R ). Installing detectable warning surfaces at cut-through pedestrian islands that are less than 1.8 meters (6.0 ft) in length would compromise the effectiveness of detectable warning surfaces. Where a cut-through pedestrian refuge island is less than 1.8 m (6.0 ft) in length and the pedestrian street crossing is signalized, the signal should be timed for a complete crossing of the street.

Detectable Warning Surfaces

Detectable Warnings 2010 ADA Standards
Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have detectable warnings along full length of public use area of platform. Chapter 2 of the 2010 ADA Standards makes no mention of detectable warnings 705.2 Platform Edges. Detectable warning surfaces at platform boarding edges shall be 24 inches (610 mm) wide and shall extend the full length of the public use areas of the platform. Detectable Warnings. Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have detectable warnings complying with 705 along the full length of the public use area of the platform.

Platform Edge

Detectable Warnings Transportation Standards
A curb ramp shall have a detectable warning. Detectable warning shall extend full width of curb ramp and shall extend either full depth of curb ramp or 24 inches deep minimum measured from back of curb on ramp surface. Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have detectable warnings along full length of public use area of platform. Appendix A to Part 37—Modifications to Standards for Accessible Transportation Facilities 406.8—Modification to 406 of Appendix D to 36 CFR Part 1191 A curb ramp shall have a detectable warning complying with 705. The detectable warning shall extend the full width of the curb ramp (exclusive of flared sides) and shall extend either the full depth of the curb ramp or 24 inches (610 mm) deep minimum measured from the back of the curb on the ramp surface. Section 406.8 To maintain the status quo with respect to detectable warnings in pedestrian facilities, the Department is adding a provision (not found in the current version of the new ADAAG) requiring curb ramps to have detectable warnings. Note to Reader: The Department of Transportation’s ADA standards require detectable warnings on curb ramps: 406.8 Detectable Warnings. A curb ramp shall have a detectable warning complying with 705. The detectable warning shall extend the full width of the curb ramp (exclusive of flared sides) and shall extend either the full depth of the curb ramp or 24 inches (610 mm) deep minimum measured from the back of the curb on the ramp surface.

PROWAG 2005 PARs shall comply with R301 and shall connect pedestrian elements and facilities required to be accessible. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs PARs shall comply with R302. 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards No provisions for PARs

Technical Provisions Technical requirements are based on adult dimensions and anthropometrics Dimensions that are not stated as "maximum" or "minimum" are absolute. All dimensions are subject to conventional industry tolerances except where the requirement is stated as a range with specific minimum and maximum end points. PROWAG 2005 R101.1 General. This document contains scoping and technical requirements for accessibility to facilities for pedestrian circulation and use located in the public right-of-way. R103.1 Dimensions. Dimensions that are not stated as "maximum" or "minimum" are absolute. R Construction and Manufacturing Tolerances. All dimensions are subject to conventional industry tolerances except where the requirement is stated as a range with specific minimum and maximum end points. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR – SUPs R101.1 General. This document contains scoping and technical requirements to ensure that facilities for pedestrian circulation and use located in the public right-of-way are readily accessible to and usable by pedestrians with disabilities. R103.1 Conventional Industry Tolerances. Dimensions are subject to conventional industry tolerances except where dimensions are stated as a range. 2010 ADA Standards & 2006 ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities 102 Dimensions for Adults and Children The technical requirements are based on adult dimensions and anthropometrics. In addition, this document includes technical requirements based on children's dimensions and anthropometrics for drinking fountains, water closets, toilet compartments, lavatories and sinks, dining surfaces, and work surfaces. 104 Conventions 104.1 Dimensions. Dimensions that are not stated as "maximum" or "minimum" are absolute. Construction and Manufacturing Tolerances. All dimensions are subject to conventional industry tolerances except where the requirement is stated as a range with specific minimum and maximum end points.

PAR Continuous Width R302.3 Continuous Width. Except as provided in R , the continuous clear width of pedestrian access routes shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum, exclusive of the width of the curb. Figure R302.3 Continuous Width

PAR - Continuous Width PROWAG 2005 PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Minimum continuous and unobstructed clear width of a PAR shall be 4 feet, exclusive of width of curb. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Except as provided in R *, continuous clear width of PARs shall be 4 feet minimum, exclusive of width of curb. * 5 feet within medians and pedestrian refuge islands PROWAG 2005 R301.3 Width R Continuous Width. The minimum continuous and unobstructed clear width of a pedestrian access route shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft), exclusive of the width of the curb. Advisory R Continuous Width. The pedestrian access route provides a minimum accessible route of passage within a sidewalk or other walkway that may not comprise the full width of the pedestrian circulation route, particularly in urban areas. Industry-recommended sidewalk widths can be found in ‘Guide for the Planning, Design, and Operation of Pedestrian Facilities’, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, July 2004 ( The minimum width must be maintained without obstruction. Where a pedestrian access route turns or changes direction, it should accommodate the continuous passage of a wheelchair or scooter. As with street or highway design for vehicles, additional maneuvering width or length may be needed at recesses and alcoves, doorways and entrances, and along curved or angled routings, particularly where the grade exceeds 5%. Individual segments of pedestrian access routes should have a minimum straight length of 1.2 m (4.0 ft). Street furniture, including fixed or movable elements such as newspaper and sales racks, cafe seating and tables, bus shelters, vender carts, sidewalk sculptures, and bicycle racks, shall not reduce the required width of the pedestrian access route. Provisions for protruding objects apply across the entire width of the pedestrian circulation path, not just the pedestrian access route. R Width at Passing Spaces. Walkways in pedestrian access routes that are less than 1.5 m (5.0 ft) in clear width shall provide passing spaces at intervals of 61 m (200 ft) maximum. Pedestrian access routes at passing spaces shall be 1.5 m (5.0 ft) wide for a distance of 1.5m (5.0 ft). R Width at Elevators and Lifts. The pedestrian access route at elevators and platform lifts shall be permitted to comply with the applicable requirements of section 407, 408, and 410 of Appendix D to 36 CFR part 1191 (the ADA and ABA Accessibility Guidelines). R Width at Doors, Doorways, and Gates. The pedestrian access route through doors, doorways, and gates shall be permitted to comply with R R301.4 Walkway Grade and Cross Slope R Cross Slope. The cross slope of the walkway of a pedestrian access route shall be 2 percent maximum. R Street or Highway Grade. Where the walkway of a pedestrian access route is contained within a street or highway border, its grade shall not exceed the general grade established for the adjacent street or highway. R Supported Slope. Where the walkway of a pedestrian access route is supported by a structure, it shall comply with R305.5. Advisory R Supported Slope. This provision covers pedestrian access routes on bridges, overpasses, underpasses and similar facilities. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R302.3 Continuous Width. Except as provided in R , the continuous clear width of pedestrian access routes shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum, exclusive of the width of the curb. Advisory R302.3 Continuous Width. The continuous clear width requirements in R302.3 apply to sidewalks and other pedestrian circulation paths, pedestrian street crossings and at-grade rail crossings, and pedestrian overpasses and underpasses and similar structures (see R302.2). Clear width requirements are contained in R for curb ramps and blended transitions, and in R407.4 for ramps. Where sidewalks are wider than 1.2 m (4.0 ft), only a portion of the sidewalk is required to comply with the requirements in R302.3 through R Additional maneuvering space should be provided at turns or changes in direction, transit stops, recesses and alcoves, building entrances, and along curved or angled routes, particularly where the grade exceeds 5 percent. R210 prohibits street furniture and other objects from reducing the minimum clear width of pedestrian access routes. R Medians and Pedestrian Refuge Islands. The clear width of pedestrian access routes within medians and pedestrian refuge islands shall be 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum.

PAR – Passing Space R302.4 Passing Spaces. Where the clear width of pedestrian access routes is less than 1.5 m (5.0 ft), passing spaces shall be provided at intervals of 61 m (200.0 ft) maximum. Passing spaces shall be 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum by 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum. Passing spaces are permitted to overlap pedestrian access routes.

Accessible Route –Continuous Width
2010 ADA and Transportation Standards Clear width of walking surfaces shall be 36 inches (3 feet) minimum 403.5 Clearances. Walking surfaces shall provide clearances complying with EXCEPTION: Within employee work areas, clearances on common use circulation paths shall be permitted to be decreased by work area equipment provided that the decrease is essential to the function of the work being performed. Clear Width. Except as provided in and , the clear width of walking surfaces shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. EXCEPTION: The clear width shall be permitted to be reduced to 32 inches (815 mm) minimum for a length of 24 inches (610 mm) maximum provided that reduced width segments are separated by segments that are 48 inches (1220 mm) long minimum and 36 inches (915 mm) wide minimum. Figure Clear Width of an Accessible Route Clear Width at Turn. Where the accessible route makes a 180 degree turn around an element which is less than 48 inches (1220 mm) wide, clear width shall be 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum approaching the turn, 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum at the turn and 42 inches (1065 mm) minimum leaving the turn. EXCEPTION: Where the clear width at the turn is 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum compliance with shall not be required. Passing Spaces. An accessible route with a clear width less than 60 inches (1525 mm) shall provide passing spaces at intervals of 200 feet (61 m) maximum. Passing spaces shall be either: a space 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum by 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum; or, an intersection of two walking surfaces providing a T-shaped space complying with where the base and arms of the T-shaped space extend 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum beyond the intersection.

Cross Slopes PROWAG 2005: R301.4.1 – 2%, 1:50
PROWAG 2011 & SUPs: R302.6 – 2%, 1:50 2010 ADA & Transportation Standards: – 2.08%, 1:48 PROWAG 2005 R301.4 Walkway Grade and Cross Slope R Cross Slope. The cross slope of the walkway of a pedestrian access route shall be 2 percent maximum. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R302.6 Cross Slope. Except as provided in R and R , the cross slope of pedestrian access routes shall be 2 percent maximum. Advisory R302.6 Cross Slope. The cross slope requirements in R302.6 apply to sidewalks and other pedestrian circulation paths, pedestrian street crossings and at-grade rail crossings, and pedestrian overpasses and underpasses and similar structures (see R302.2). The cross slope of the pedestrian access route is measured perpendicular to the direction of pedestrian travel. Cross slope requirements are contained in R for curb ramps and blended transitions, and in R407.3 for ramps. R Pedestrian Street Crossings Without Yield or Stop Control.Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route shall be 5 percent maximum. Advisory R Pedestrian Street Crossings Without Yield or Stop Control. Pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control are crossings where there is no yield or stop sign, or where there is a traffic signal that is designed for the green phase. At pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, vehicles can proceed through the intersection without slowing or stopping. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings with yield or stop control, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route must be 2 percent maximum (see R302.6). At pedestrian street crossings with yield or stop control, vehicles slow or stop before proceeding through the intersection. R Midblock Pedestrian Street Crossings. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within midblock pedestrian street crossings, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route shall be permitted to equal the street or highway grade. 2010 ADA Standards and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities 403 Walking Surfaces 403.1 General. Walking surfaces that are a part of an accessible route shall comply with 403. 403.3 Slope. ... The cross slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:48.

Grade/Running Slope PROWAG 2005
Where walkway of a PAR is contained within street/highway border, its grade shall not exceed general grade established for adjacent street/highway. R301.4 Walkway Grade and Cross Slope R Cross Slope. The cross slope of the walkway of a pedestrian access route shall be 2 percent maximum. R Street or Highway Grade. Where the walkway of a pedestrian access route is contained within a street or highway border, its grade shall not exceed the general grade established for the adjacent street or highway. R Supported Slope. Where the walkway of a pedestrian access route is supported by a structure, it shall comply with R305.5. Advisory R Supported Slope. This provision covers pedestrian access routes on bridges, overpasses, underpasses and similar facilities.

Grade/Running Slope PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Where PARs are contained within street/highway ROW, grade of PARs shall not exceed general grade established for adjacent street/highway. Where PARs are not contained within street/highway ROW, grade of PARs shall be 5% maximum. Where PARs are contained within pedestrian street crossings, grade of PAR shall be 5% maximum. 2011 PROWAG R302.5 Grade. Except as provided in R , where pedestrian access routes are contained within a street or highway right-of-way, the grade of pedestrian access routes shall not exceed the general grade established for the adjacent street or highway. Where pedestrian access routes are not contained within a street or highway right-of-way, the grade of pedestrian access routes shall be 5 percent maximum. Advisory R302.5 Grade. The grade requirements in R302.5 apply to sidewalks and other pedestrian circulation paths, pedestrian street crossings and at-grade rail crossings, and pedestrian overpasses and underpasses and similar structures (see R302.2). The grade of the pedestrian access route is measured parallel to the direction of pedestrian travel. Running slope requirements are contained in R for perpendicular curb ramps, in R for parallel curb ramps, in R for blended transitions, and in R407.2 for ramps. SUPs R302.5 Grade. The grade of pedestrian access routes shall comply with R302.5. R Within Street or Highway Right-of-Way. Except as provided in R , where pedestrian access routes are contained within a street or highway right-of-way, the grade of pedestrian access routes shall not exceed the general grade established for the adjacent street or highway. R Not Within Street or Highway Right-of-Way. Where pedestrian access routes are not contained within a street or highway right-of-way, the grade of pedestrian access routes shall be 5 percent maximum. R Within Pedestrian Street Crossings. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within a pedestrian street crossing, the grade of pedestrian access routes shall be 5 percent maximum. R Physical Constraints. Where compliance with R or R is not practicable due to existing terrain or infrastructure, right-of-way availability, a notable natural feature, or similar existing physical constraints, compliance is required to the extent practicable. R Regulatory Constraints. Where compliance with R or R is precluded by federal, state, or local laws the purpose of which is to preserve threatened or endangered species; the environment; or archaeological, cultural, historical, or significant natural features, compliance is required to the extent practicable. R302.6 Cross Slope. Except as provided in R and R , the cross slope of pedestrian access routes shall be 2 percent maximum. Advisory R302.6 Cross Slope. The cross slope requirements in R302.6 apply to sidewalks and other pedestrian circulation paths, pedestrian street crossings and at-grade rail crossings, and pedestrian overpasses and underpasses and similar structures (see R302.2). The cross slope of the pedestrian access route is measured perpendicular to the direction of pedestrian travel. Cross slope requirements are contained in R for curb ramps and blended transitions, and in R407.3 for ramps. R Pedestrian Street Crossings Without Yield or Stop Control.Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route shall be 5 percent maximum. Advisory R Pedestrian Street Crossings Without Yield or Stop Control. Pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control are crossings where there is no yield or stop sign, or where there is a traffic signal that is designed for the green phase. At pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, vehicles can proceed through the intersection without slowing or stopping. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings with yield or stop control, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route must be 2 percent maximum (see R302.6). At pedestrian street crossings with yield or stop control, vehicles slow or stop before proceeding through the intersection. R Midblock Pedestrian Street Crossings. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within midblock pedestrian street crossings, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route shall be permitted to equal the street or highway grade.

Grade/Running Slope 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Running slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:20 (5%). 403 Walking Surfaces 403.1 General. Walking surfaces that are a part of an accessible route shall comply with 403. 403.3 Slope. The running slope of walking surfaces shall not be steeper than 1:20.

Flangeway Gaps PROWAG 2005 Openings for wheel flanges at pedestrian crossings of non-freight rail track shall be 64 mm (2.5 inches) maximum. Openings for wheel flanges at pedestrian crossings of freight rail track shall be 75 mm (3 inches) maximum. R301.7 Horizontal Openings R Flangeway Gaps at Non-Freight Rail Crossings. Openings for wheel flanges at pedestrian crossings of non-freight rail track shall be 64 mm (2.5 in) maximum. R Flangeway Gaps at Freight Rail Crossings. Openings for wheel flanges at pedestrian crossings of freight rail track shall be 75 mm (3 in) maximum.

Flangeway Gaps PROWAG 2011 AND SUPs
Flangeway gaps at pedestrian at-grade rail crossings shall be 64 mm (2.5 inches) maximum on non-freight rail track and 75 mm (3 inches) maximum on freight rail track. R Flangeway Gaps. Flangeway gaps at pedestrian at-grade rail crossings shall be 64 mm (2.5 in) maximum on non-freight rail track and 75 mm (3 in) maximum on freight rail track. Figure R Flangeway Gaps Advisory R Flangeway Gaps. Flangeway gaps are necessary to allow the passage of train wheel flanges. Flangeway gaps pose a potential hazard to pedestrians who use wheelchairs because the gaps can entrap the wheelchair casters.

Flangeway Gaps 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Where a circulation path serving boarding platforms crosses tracks, it shall comply with applicable requirements of Chapter 4.. EXCEPTION: Openings for wheel flanges shall be permitted to be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm) maximum. Track Crossings. Where a circulation path serving boarding platforms crosses tracks, it shall comply with 402. EXCEPTION: Openings for wheel flanges shall be permitted to be 2 1/2 inches (64 mm) maximum. Figure (Exception) Track Crossings

Curb Ramps/Blended Transitions
Perpendicular – directional with respect to pedestrian crossing; perpendicular to vehicular traffic Parallel – directional with respect to PAR; parallel to vehicular traffic. Curb ramps have running slopes of 5% minimum and 8.33% maximum. Blended transitions have running slopes of 5% maximum.

Perpendicular Curb Ramps
Figure R Perpendicular Curb Ramps

PROWAG 2005 Shall have a running slope that cuts through or is built up to curb at right angles or meets gutter grade break at right angles. Running slope shall be 5% minimum and 8.3% maximum but shall not require ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15 feet). Cross slope at intersections shall be 2% maximum; at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street grade. R Perpendicular Curb Ramps. Perpendicular curb ramps shall have a running slope that cuts through or is built up to the curb at right angles or meets the gutter grade break at right angles. R Running Slope. The running slope shall be 5 percent minimum and 8.3 percent maximum but shall not require the ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15.0 ft). R Cross Slope. The cross slope at intersections shall be 2 percent maximum. The cross slope at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street or highway grade.

PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Running slope of curb ramp shall cut through or shall be built up to curb at right angles or shall meet gutter grade break at right angles where curb is curved. Running slope of curb ramp shall be 5% minimum and 8.3% maximum but shall not require ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15 feet). Running slope of turning space shall be 2% maximum. R304.2 Perpendicular Curb Ramps. Perpendicular curb ramps shall comply with R304.2 and R304.5. R Turning Space. A turning space 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided at the top of the curb ramp and shall be permitted to overlap other turning spaces and clear spaces. Where the turning space is constrained at the back-of-sidewalk, the turning space shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum. The 1.5 m (5.0 ft) dimension shall be provided in the direction of the ramp run. R Running Slope. The running slope of the curb ramp shall cut through or shall be built up to the curb at right angles or shall meet the gutter grade break at right angles where the curb is curved. The running slope of the curb ramp shall be 5 percent minimum and 8.3 percent maximum but shall not require the ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15.0 ft). The running slope of the turning space shall be 2 percent maximum.

Curb Ramps 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Ramp runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12 (8.33%). Cross slope of ramp runs shall not be steeper than 1:48 (2.08%). Clear width of a ramp run shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and road surfaces immediately adjacent to curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20 (5%). 406 Curb Ramps 406.1 General. Curb ramps on accessible routes shall comply with 406, through 405.5, and 406.2 Counter Slope. Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and road surfaces immediately adjacent to the curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20. The adjacent surfaces at transitions at curb ramps to walks, gutters, and streets shall be at the same level. 405.2 Slope. Ramp runs shall have a running slope not steeper than 1:12. EXCEPTION: In existing sites, buildings, and facilities, ramps shall be permitted to have running slopes steeper than 1:12 complying with Table where such slopes are necessary due to space limitations. Advisory Slope. To accommodate the widest range of users, provide ramps with the least possible running slope and, wherever possible, accompany ramps with stairs for use by those individuals for whom distance presents a greater barrier than steps, e.g., people with heart disease or limited stamina. 405.3 Cross Slope. Cross slope of ramp runs shall not be steeper than 1:48. Advisory Cross Slope. Cross slope is the slope of the surface perpendicular to the direction of travel. Cross slope is measured the same way as slope is measured (i.e., the rise over the run). 405.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of ramp runs shall comply with 302. Changes in level other than the running slope and cross slope are not permitted on ramp runs. 405.5 Clear Width. The clear width of a ramp run and, where handrails are provided, the clear width between handrails shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. EXCEPTION: Within employee work areas, the required clear width of ramps that are a part of common use circulation paths shall be permitted to be decreased by work area equipment provided that the decrease is essential to the function of the work being performed. Wet Conditions. Landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the accumulation of water.

2010 ADA and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities
Wet Conditions. Landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the accumulation of water. No water accumulation prohibition in PROWAG 2005, 2011, and SUPs Wet Conditions. Landings subject to wet conditions shall be designed to prevent the accumulation of water.

Perpendicular Curb Ramp Landing
PROWAG 2005 Landing 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum shall be provided at top of curb ramp. Running and cross slopes at intersections shall be 2% maximum. Running and cross slope at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street or highway grade. R Landing. A landing 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided at the top of the curb ramp and shall be permitted to overlap other landings and clear space. Running and cross slopes at intersections shall be 2 percent maximum. Running and cross slope at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street or highway grade.

Perpendicular Curb Ramp Turning Space
Figure R Turning Space

Perpendicular Curb Ramp Turning Space
PROWAG 2011 and SUPs A turning space 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum shall be provided at top of curb ramp. Where turning space is constrained at back-of-sidewalk, turning space shall be 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.5 m (5 feet) minimum. 1.5 m (5 feet) dimension shall be provided in direction of ramp run. R Turning Space. A turning space 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided at the top of the curb ramp and shall be permitted to overlap other turning spaces and clear spaces. Where the turning space is constrained at the back-of-sidewalk, the turning space shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum. The 1.5 m (5.0 ft) dimension shall be provided in the direction of the ramp run.

Curb Ramp Landing 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Landings shall be provided at tops of curb ramps. Landing clear length shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. Landing clear width shall be at least as wide as curb ramp, excluding flared sides, leading to landing. 406.4 Landings. Landings shall be provided at the tops of curb ramps. The landing clear length shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. The landing clear width shall be at least as wide as the curb ramp, excluding flared sides, leading to the landing. EXCEPTION: In alterations, where there is no landing at the top of curb ramps, curb ramp flares shall be provided and shall not be steeper than 1:12. Figure Landings at the Top of Curb Ramps

Flared Sides of Curb Ramps
PROWAG 2005 Flared sides with a slope of 10% maximum, measured parallel to the curb line, shall be provided where a pedestrian circulation path crosses curb ramp. Advisory: Sides of ramps may be returned, providing useful directional cues, if protected from cross travel by landscaping, street furniture, poles, or equipment. R Flares. Flared sides with a slope of 10 percent maximum, measured parallel to the curb line, shall be provided where a pedestrian circulation path crosses the curb ramp. Advisory R Flares. Sides of ramps may be returned, providing useful directional cues, if protected from cross travel by landscaping, street furniture, poles, or equipment.

PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Flared Sides: Where a pedestrian circulation path crosses curb ramp, flared sides shall be sloped 10% maximum, measured parallel to curb line. Advisory: Flared sides are part of pedestrian circulation path, but are not part of PAR. Curb ramps with returned curbs provide useful directional cues where aligned with pedestrian street crossing and protected from cross travel by landscaping, street furniture, chains, fencing, or railings. R Flared Sides. Where a pedestrian circulation path crosses the curb ramp, flared sides shall be sloped 10 percent maximum, measured parallel to the curb line. Advisory R Flared Sides. The flared sides are part of the pedestrian circulation path, but are not part of the pedestrian access route. Curb ramps whose sides have returned curbs provide useful directional cues where they are aligned with the pedestrian street crossing and are protected from cross travel by landscaping, street furniture, chains, fencing, or railings.

Figure Flared Sides

2010 ADA and Transportation Standards Where provided, curb ramp flares shall not be steeper than 1:10 (10%). EXCEPTION: In alterations, where there is no landing at top of curb ramps, curb ramp flares shall be provided and shall not be steeper than 1:12 (8.33%). 406.3 Sides of Curb Ramps. Where provided, curb ramp flares shall not be steeper than 1:10. 406.4 Landings. Landings shall be provided at the tops of curb ramps. The landing clear length shall be 36 inches (915 mm) minimum. The landing clear width shall be at least as wide as the curb ramp, excluding flared sides, leading to the landing. EXCEPTION: In alterations, where there is no landing at the top of curb ramps, curb ramp flares shall be provided and shall not be steeper than 1:12. Figure Landings at the Top of Curb Ramps

Parallel Curb Ramps Figure R Parallel Curb Ramps

Parallel Curb Ramps PROWAG 2005
Have running slope that is in-line with direction of sidewalk travel. Running slope shall be 5% minimum and 8.3% maximum but shall not require ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15 feet). Cross slope shall be 2% maximum. R Running Slope. The running slope shall be 5 percent minimum and 8.3 percent maximum but shall not require the ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15.0 ft). R Cross Slope. The cross slope shall be 2 percent maximum.

Parallel Curb Ramps PROWAG 2005 (cont.)
Landing 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum at bottom of ramp run, permitted to overlap other landings and CFS. Slopes at intersections shall be 2% maximum. Running and cross slope at midblock crossings permitted to be warped to meet street grade. R Landing. A landing 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided at the bottom of the ramp run and shall be permitted to overlap other landings and clear floor or ground space. Running slope and cross slopes at intersections shall be 2 percent maximum. Running and cross slope at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street or highway grade.

Parallel Curb Ramps PROWAG 2005 (cont.)
Diverging Sidewalks: Where parallel curb ramp does not occupy entire width of sidewalk, drop-offs at diverging segments shall be protected. R Diverging Sidewalks. Where a parallel curb ramp does not occupy the entire width of a sidewalk, drop-offs at diverging segments shall be protected.

Parallel Curb Ramp Turning Space
Figure R Turning Space

Parallel Curb Ramps PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Turning space 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum at bottom of curb ramp, permitted to overlap other turning spaces and clear spaces. If turning space is constrained on 2 or more sides, turning space shall be 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.5 m (5 feet). 1.5 m (5 feet) dimension shall be provided in direction of pedestrian street crossing. R Turning Space. A turning space 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided at the bottom of the curb ramp and shall be permitted to overlap other turning spaces and clear spaces. If the turning space is constrained on 2 or more sides, the turning space shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.5 m (5.0 ft). The 1.5 m (5.0 ft) dimension shall be provided in the direction of the pedestrian street crossing.

Parallel Curb Ramps PROWAG 2011 and SUPs (cont.)
Running slope of curb ramp shall be in-line with direction of sidewalk travel. Running slope of curb ramp shall be 5% minimum and 8.3% maximum but shall not require ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15 feet) minimum. Running slope of turning space shall be 2% maximum. R Running Slope. The running slope of the curb ramp shall be in-line with the direction of sidewalk travel. The running slope of the curb ramp shall be 5 percent minimum and 8.3 percent maximum but shall not require the ramp length to exceed 4.5 m (15.0 ft) minimum. The running slope of the turning space shall be 2 percent maximum.

Parallel Curb Ramps 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Have no provisions for parallel curb ramps

Blended Transitions – DTW Location
R Blended Transitions. On blended transitions, detectable warning surfaces shall be placed at the back of curb. Where raised pedestrian street crossings, depressed corners, or other level pedestrian street crossings are provided, detectable warning surfaces shall be placed at the flush transition between the street and the sidewalk. Figure R Blended Transitions

Blended Transitions PROWAG 2005
Blended transitions shall comply with R303.3. Running slope shall be 5% maximum. Cross slope shall be 2% maximum. Common Elements: Curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with R303.3. Clear width of landings, blended transitions, and curb ramps, excluding flares, shall be 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum. R Blended Transitions. Blended transitions shall comply with R Running slope shall be 5 percent maximum and cross slope shall be 2 percent maximum. R303.3 Common Elements. Curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with R303.3. R Width. The clear width of landings, blended transitions, and curb ramps, excluding flares, shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum.

Blended Transitions PROWAG 2005 (cont.)
Detectable warning surfaces complying with R304 shall be provided, where a curb ramp, landing, or blended transition connects to a street. Surfaces of curb ramps, blended transitions, and landings shall comply with R301. Gratings, access covers, and other appurtenances shall not be located on curb ramps, landings, blended transitions, and gutters within PAR. R Detectable Warnings. Detectable warning surfaces complying with R304 shall be provided, where a curb ramp, landing, or blended transition connects to a street. R Surfaces. Surfaces of curb ramps, blended transitions, and landings shall comply with R301. Gratings, access covers, and other appurtenances shall not be located on curb ramps, landings, blended transitions, and gutters within the pedestrian access route.

Blended Transitions PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Blended transitions shall comply with R304.4 and R304.5. Running slope of blended transitions shall be 5% maximum. Common Requirements: Curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with R304.5. R304.4 Blended Transitions. Blended transitions shall comply with R304.4 and R304.5. R Running Slope. The running slope of blended transitions shall be 5 percent maximum. R304.5 Common Requirements. Curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with R304.5.

Blended Transition Running Slope
Figure R Running Slope

Blended Transitions PROWAG 2011
Clear width of curb ramp runs (excluding any flared sides), blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum. R Width. The clear width of curb ramp runs (excluding any flared sides), blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum.

Blended Transitions SUPs
Width of curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with or , as applicable. If provided, flared sides of curb ramp runs and blended transitions shall be located outside the width of the curb ramp run or blended transition. R Width. The width of curb ramps and blended transitions shall comply with or , as applicable. If provided, flared sides of curb ramp runs and blended transitions shall be located outside the width of the curb ramp run or blended transition.

Blended Transitions SUPs
Pedestrian Circulation Paths Other Than Shared Use Paths: In pedestrian circulation paths other than shared use paths, clear width of curb ramp runs, blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum. Shared Use Paths. In shared use paths, width of curb ramps runs and blended transitions shall be equal to the width of shared use path. R Pedestrian Circulation Paths Other Than Shared Use Paths. In pedestrian circulation paths other than shared use paths, the clear width of curb ramp runs, blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum. R Shared Use Paths. In shared use paths, the width of curb ramps runs and blended transitions shall be equal to the width of the shared use path.

Blended Transitions 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Have no provisions specific to blended transitions

Grade Breaks Figure R Grade Breaks

Grade Breaks PROWAG 2005 Grade breaks at top and bottom of perpendicular curb ramps shall be perpendicular to direction of ramp run. At least one end of bottom grade break shall be at back of curb. Grade breaks shall not be permitted on surface of curb ramps, blended transitions, landings, and gutter areas within PAR. Surface slopes that meet at grade breaks shall be flush. R Grade Breaks. Grade breaks at the top and bottom of perpendicular curb ramps shall be perpendicular to the direction of ramp run. At least one end of the bottom grade break shall be at the back of curb. Grade breaks shall not be permitted on the surface of curb ramps, blended transitions, landings, and gutter areas within the pedestrian access route. Surface slopes that meet at grade breaks shall be flush.

Grade Breaks PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Cross slope of curb ramps, blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 2% maximum. At pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control and at midblock pedestrian street crossings, cross slope shall be permitted to equal street/highway grade. R Cross Slope. The cross slope of curb ramps, blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 2 percent maximum. At pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control and at midblock pedestrian street crossings, the cross slope shall be permitted to equal the street or highway grade. Advisory R Cross Slope. Pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control are crossings where there is no yield or stop sign, or where there is a traffic signal that is designed for the green phase. At pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, vehicles can proceed through the intersection without slowing or stopping.

Grade Breaks 2010 ADA and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities
Term grade breaks not used However: Changes in level other than running slope and cross slope are not permitted on ramp runs. 405.4 Floor or Ground Surfaces. Floor or ground surfaces of ramp runs shall comply with 302. Changes in level other than the running slope and cross slope are not permitted on ramp runs.

Counter Slope Figure Counter Slope of Surfaces Adjacent to Curb Ramps

Counter Slope PROWAG 2005 Counter slope of gutter or street at foot of curb ramp, landing, or blended transition shall be 5% maximum. Beyond curb face, a clear space of 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum shall be provided within width of the crosswalk and wholly outside parallel vehicle travel lane. R Clear Space. Beyond the curb face, a clear space of 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided within the width of the crosswalk and wholly outside the parallel vehicle travel lane.

Counter Slope PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Counter slope of gutter or street at foot of curb ramp runs, blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 5 % maximum. Beyond bottom grade break, a clear space 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum by 1.2 m (4 feet) minimum shall be provided within width of pedestrian street crossing and wholly outside parallel vehicle travel lane. R Counter Slope. The counter slope of the gutter or street at the foot of curb ramp runs, blended transitions, and turning spaces shall be 5 percent maximum. R Clear Space. Beyond the bottom grade break, a clear space 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum by 1.2 m (4.0 ft) minimum shall be provided within the width of the pedestrian street crossing and wholly outside the parallel vehicle travel lane.

Counter Slope Clear Space
Figure R Clear Space

Counter Slope 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and road surfaces immediately adjacent to the curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20 (5%). Adjacent surfaces at transitions at curb ramps to walks, gutters, and streets shall be at the same level. 406.2 Counter Slope. Counter slopes of adjoining gutters and road surfaces immediately adjacent to the curb ramp shall not be steeper than 1:20. The adjacent surfaces at transitions at curb ramps to walks, gutters, and streets shall be at the same level.

Diagonal Curb Ramps Figure Diagonal or Corner Type Curb Ramps

Diagonal Curb Ramps PROWAG 2005 PROWAG 2011 and SUPs (Scoping 207.2)
Term not used PROWAG 2011 and SUPs (Scoping 207.2) In alterations where existing physical constraints prevent compliance, a single diagonal curb ramp shall be permitted to serve both pedestrian street crossings. PROWAG 2005 and SNPR for SUPs R207.2 Alterations. In alterations where existing physical constraints prevent compliance with R207.1, a single diagonal curb ramp shall be permitted to serve both pedestrian street crossings.

Diagonal Curb Ramps 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Diagonal or corner type curb ramps with returned curbs or other well-defined edges shall have edges parallel to direction of pedestrian flow. Bottom of diagonal curb ramps shall have clear space 48 inches minimum outside active traffic lanes of roadway. Diagonal curb ramps provided at marked crossings shall provide 48 inches minimum clear space within markings. Diagonal curb ramps with flared sides shall have a segment of curb 24 inches long minimum located on each side of curb ramp and within marked crossing. 406.6 Diagonal Curb Ramps. Diagonal or corner type curb ramps with returned curbs or other well-defined edges shall have the edges parallel to the direction of pedestrian flow. The bottom of diagonal curb ramps shall have a clear space 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum outside active traffic lanes of the roadway. Diagonal curb ramps provided at marked crossings shall provide the 48 inches (1220 mm) minimum clear space within the markings. Diagonal curb ramps with flared sides shall have a segment of curb 24 inches (610 mm) long minimum located on each side of the curb ramp and within the marked crossing.

Detectable Warnings Figure R305.1.1 Dome Size
Figure R Dome Spacing Figure R Size

Detectable Warnings All guidelines, best practices and standards agree that detectable warnings – Consist of truncated domes aligned in a square or radial grid pattern truncated domes shall have a base diameter of 23 mm (0.9 in) minimum & 36 mm (1.4 in) maximum, a top diameter of 50% of base diameter minimum and 65% of base diameter maximum, and a height of 5 mm (0.2 in). PROWAG 2005 R Dome Size. Truncated domes in a detectable warning surface shall have a base diameter of 23 mm (0.9 in) minimum to 36 mm (1.4 in) maximum, a top diameter of 50 percent of the base diameter minimum to 65 percent of the base diameter maximum, and a height of 5 mm (0.2 in). Advisory R Dome Size. Where domes are arrayed radially, they may differ in diameter within the ranges specified. PROWAG 2011 & SNPR for SUPs R Dome Size. The truncated domes shall have a base diameter of 23 mm (0.9 in) minimum and 36 mm (1.4 in) maximum, a top diameter of 50 percent of the base diameter minimum and 65 percent of the base diameter maximum, and a height of 5 mm (0.2 in) Advisory R305.1 Dome Size. Where the truncated domes are arrayed radially, they may differ in diameter and center-to-center spacing within the ranges specified in R and R 2010 ADA Standards & ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Dome Size. Truncated domes in a detectable warning surface shall have a base diameter of 0.9 inch (23 mm) minimum and 1.4 inches (36 mm) maximum, a top diameter of 50 percent of the base diameter minimum to 65 percent of the base diameter maximum, and a height of 0.2 inch (5.1 mm).

Detectable Warnings All guidelines, best practices and standards agree that detectable warnings – Dome Spacing: Truncated domes shall have center-to-center spacing of 41 mm (1.6 in) minimum and 61 mm (2.4 in) maximum, and base-to-base spacing of 17 mm (0.65 in) minimum, measured between the most adjacent domes. PROWAG 2005 R Dome Spacing. Truncated domes in a detectable warning surface shall have a center-to-center spacing of 41 mm (1.6 in) minimum and 61 mm (2.4 in) maximum, and a base-to-base spacing of 17 mm (0.65 in) minimum, measured between the most adjacent domes Advisory R Dome Spacing. Where domes are arrayed radially, they may differ in center-to-center spacing within the range specified. PROWAG 2011 & SNPR for SUPs R Dome Spacing. The truncated domes shall have a center-to-center spacing of 41 mm (1.6 in) minimum and 61 mm (2.4 in) maximum, and a base-to-base spacing of 17 mm (0.65 in) minimum, measured between the most adjacent domes. 2010 ADA Standards & ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Dome Spacing. Truncated domes in a detectable warning surface shall have a center-to-center spacing of 1.6 inches (41 mm) minimum and 2.4 inches (61 mm) maximum, and a base-to-base spacing of 0.65 inch (17 mm) minimum, measured between the most adjacent domes on a square grid.

Detectable Warnings All guidelines, best practices and standards agree that detectable warnings – Detectable warning surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent gutter, street or highway, or pedestrian access route surface, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. PROWAG 2005 R Contrast. Detectable warning surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent gutter, street or highway, or walkway surfaces, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. Advisory R Contrast. Contrast may be provided on the full ramp surface but should not extend to the flared sides. Many pedestrians use the visual contrast at the toe of the ramp to locate the curb ramp opening from the other side of the street. PROWAG 2011 & SNPR for SUPs R Contrast. Detectable warning surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent gutter, street or highway, or pedestrian access route surface, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. Advisory R Contrast. Visual contrast may be provided on the full surface of the curb ramp but should not extend to flared sides. Visual contrast also helps pedestrians who use wheelchairs to locate the curb ramp from the other side of the street. 2010 ADA Standards AND ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Contrast. Detectable warning surfaces shall contrast visually with adjacent walking surfaces either light-on-dark, or dark-on-light.

Detectable Warnings PROWAG 2005, 2011, SUPs, & ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities agree – Detectable warning surfaces shall extend 610 mm (2 feet) minimum in direction of pedestrian travel. At curb ramps and blended transitions, detectable warning surfaces shall extend full width of ramp run (excluding any flared sides), blended transition… 2010 ADA Standards have no provision PROWAG 2005 R Size. Detectable warning surfaces shall extend 610 mm (24 in) minimum in the direction of travel and the full width of the curb ramp (exclusive of flares), the landing, or the blended transition. PROWAG 2011 & SNPR for SUPs R Size. Detectable warning surfaces shall extend 610 mm (2.0 ft) minimum in the direction of pedestrian travel. At curb ramps and blended transitions, detectable warning surfaces shall extend the full width of the ramp run (excluding any flared sides), blended transition, or turning space. At pedestrian at-grade rail crossings not located within a street or highway, detectable warnings shall extend the full width of the crossing. At boarding platforms for buses and rail vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall extend the full length of the public use areas of the platform. At boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk or street level transit stops for rail vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall extend the full length of the transit stop. 2010 ADA Standards [nothing] ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Note to Reader: The Department of Transportation’s ADA standards require detectable warnings on curb ramps: 406.8 Detectable Warnings. A curb ramp shall have a detectable warning complying with 705. The detectable warning shall extend the full width of the curb ramp (exclusive of flared sides) and shall extend either the full depth of the curb ramp or 24 inches (610 mm) deep minimum measured from the back of the curb on the ramp surface.

Detectable Warnings PROWAG 2005, 2010 ADA and Transportation Standards
Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have compliant detectable warnings along the full length of public use area of platform. PROWAG 2005 R414.3 Detectable Warnings. Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have detectable warnings complying with R304 along the full length of the public use area of the platform. 2010 ADA Standards and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Detectable Warnings. Platform boarding edges not protected by platform screens or guards shall have detectable warnings complying with 705 along the full length of the public use area of the platform.

Detectable Warnings PROWAG 2011 and SUPs
Size: At boarding platforms for buses and rail vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall extend full length of public use areas of platform. At boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk or street level transit stops for rail vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall extend full length of transit stop. R Size. Detectable warning surfaces shall extend 610 mm (2.0 ft) minimum in the direction of pedestrian travel. At curb ramps and blended transitions, detectable warning surfaces shall extend the full width of the ramp run (excluding any flared sides), blended transition, or turning space. At pedestrian at-grade rail crossings not located within a street or highway, detectable warnings shall extend the full width of the crossing. At boarding platforms for buses and rail vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall extend the full length of the public use areas of the platform. At boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk or street level transit stops for rail vehicles, detectable warning surfaces shall extend the full length of the transit stop.

Detectable Warnings at Rail Crossing
Figure R Pedestrian At-Grade Rail Crossings

Bus/Transit Stops & Shelters
PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Transit stops shall be compliant. Advisory R308.1 Transit Stops. Transit stops should be located so that there is a level and stable surface for boarding vehicles. Locating transit stops at signalized intersections increases usability for pedestrian with disabilities. Where security bollards are installed at transit stops, they must not obstruct clear space at boarding and alighting areas or reduce required clear width at PAR. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs R308.1 Transit Stops. Transit stops shall comply with R308.1. Advisory R308.1 Transit Stops. Transit stops should be located so that there is a level and stable surface for boarding vehicles. Locating transit stops at signalized intersections increases the usability for pedestrian with disabilities. Where security bollards are installed at transit stops, they must not obstruct the clear space at boarding and alighting areas or reduce the required clear width at pedestrian access routes (see R210).

PROWAG 2005, 2010 ADA, and Transportation Standards Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas: Bus boarding and alighting areas shall be compliant. Advisory R410.1 Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas: At bus stops where a shelter is provided, bus stop pad can be located either within or outside of shelter. PROWAG 2005 R410.1 Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas. Bus boarding and alighting areas shall comply with R410. Advisory R410.1 Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas. At bus stops where a shelter is provided, the bus stop pad can be located either within or outside of the shelter. 2010 ADA Standards and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities 810.2 Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas. Bus boarding and alighting areas shall comply with Advisory Bus Boarding and Alighting Areas. At bus stops where a shelter is provided, the bus stop pad can be located either within or outside of the shelter.

PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk/street level transit stops shall be compliant. Where transit stops serve vehicles with more than one car, boarding and alighting areas serving each car shall comply. Advisory R Boarding and Alighting Areas. Where a transit shelter is provided, boarding and alighting area can be located either within or outside of shelter. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R Boarding and Alighting Areas. Boarding and alighting areas at sidewalk or street level transit stops shall comply with R and R Where transit stops serve vehicles with more than one car, boarding and alighting areas serving each car shall comply with R and R Advisory R Boarding and Alighting Areas. Where a transit shelter is provided, the boarding and alighting area can be located either within or outside of the shelter

PROWAG 2005, 2010 ADA, and Transportation Standards Surface: Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall have a firm, stable surface. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Surfaces: Surfaces of boarding and alighting areas and boarding platforms shall comply with R302.7 PROWAG 2005 R Surface. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall have a firm, stable, and slip resistant surface. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R Surfaces. The surfaces of boarding and alighting areas and boarding platforms shall comply with R302.7. 2010 ADA Standards and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Surface. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall have a firm, stable surface.

Figure R Dimensions

All guidelines, best practices and standards agree – Dimensions: Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall provide clear length of 2.4 m (8 feet) minimum, measured perpendicular to curb or vehicle street or highway edge, and clear width of 1.5 m (5 feet) minimum, measured parallel to vehicle street or highway. PROWAG 2005 R Dimensions. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall provide a clear length of 2.4 m (8.0 ft) minimum, measured perpendicular to the curb or vehicle street or highway edge, and a clear width of 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum, measured parallel to the vehicle street or highway. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R Dimensions. Boarding and alighting areas shall provide a clear length of 2.4 m (8.0 ft) minimum, measured perpendicular to the curb or street or highway edge, and a clear width of 1.5 m (5.0 ft) minimum, measured parallel to the street or highway. 2010 ADA Standards Dimensions. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall provide a clear length of 96 inches (2440 mm) minimum, measured perpendicular to the curb or vehicle roadway edge, and a clear width of 60 inches (1525 mm) minimum, measured parallel to the vehicle roadway. ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Note to Reader: The Department of Transportation’s ADA standards indicate that compliance is required to the extent construction specifications are within a public entity’s control: Dimensions. Bus boarding and alighting areas shall provide a clear length of 96 inches (2440 mm), measured perpendicular to the curb or vehicle roadway edge, and a clear width of 60 inches (1525 mm), measured parallel to the vehicle roadway. Public entities shall ensure that the construction of bus boarding and alighting areas comply with , to the extent the construction specifications are within their control.

PROWAG 2005 Shall provide a minimum clear space complying with R402 entirely within shelter. Shall be connected by PAR to compliant boarding and alighting area. R410.2 Bus Shelters. Bus shelters shall provide a minimum clear space complying with R402 entirely within the shelter. Bus shelters shall be connected by pedestrian access route complying with R301 to a boarding and alighting area complying with R410.1.

PROWAG 2005 and SUPs Shall be connected by compliant PARs to compliant boarding and alighting areas or boarding platforms. Shall provide minimum clear space entirely within the shelter. Where seating is provided within, clear space shall be located either at one end of seat or shall not overlap area within 460 mm (1.5 ft) from front edge of the seat. R308.2 Transit Shelters. Transit shelters shall be connected by pedestrian access routes complying with R302 to boarding and alighting areas or boarding platforms complying with R Transit shelters shall provide a minimum clear space complying with R404 entirely within the shelter. Where seating is provided within transit shelters, the clear space shall be located either at one end of a seat or shall not overlap the area within 460 mm (1.5 ft) from the front edge of the seat.

PROWAG 2005 and SUPs Environmental controls within transit shelters shall be proximity-actuated. Protruding objects within transit shelters shall comply with R402. Advisory R308.2: Clear space must be located entirely within transit shelter and not interfere with other persons using seating. Environmental controls within transit shelters shall be proximity-actuated. Protruding objects within transit shelters shall comply with R402. Advisory R308.2 Transit Shelters. The clear space must be located entirely within the transit shelter and not interfere with other persons using the seating.

2010 ADA and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Shall provide minimum clear floor or ground space entirely within shelter. Shall be connected by an accessible route to a compliant boarding and alighting area. 810.3 Bus Shelters. Bus shelters shall provide a minimum clear floor or ground space complying with 305 entirely within the shelter. Bus shelters shall be connected by an accessible route complying with 402 to a boarding and alighting area complying with

Bus/Transit Stop Connection
Figure R Connection

PROWAG 2005 Connection: Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian paths by a compliant PAR. PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Connection: Boarding and alighting areas and boarding platforms shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian circulation paths by compliant PARs. PROWAG 2005 R Connection. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian paths by a pedestrian access route complying with R301. PROWAG 2011 and SNPR for SUPs R Connection. Boarding and alighting areas and boarding platforms shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian circulation paths by pedestrian access routes complying with R302. 2010 ADA Standards and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Connection. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian paths by an accessible route complying with 402.

2010 ADA and Transportation Standards Connection: Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian paths by a compliant accessible route. Connection. Bus stop boarding and alighting areas shall be connected to streets, sidewalks, or pedestrian paths by an accessible route complying with 402.

Bus Stop Grades/Slopes
PROWAG 2005 Grade: Parallel to street/highway, grade of bus stop boarding and alighting area shall be same as street/highway, to maximum extent practicable. Perpendicular to street/highway, grade of bus stop boarding and alighting area shall not be steeper than 2% (1:50). R Grade. Parallel to the street or highway, the grade of the bus stop boarding and alighting area shall be the same as the street or highway, to the maximum extent practicable. Perpendicular to the street or highway, the grade of the bus stop boarding and alighting area shall not be steeper than 2 percent.

PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Grade: Parallel to street/highway, grade of boarding and alighting areas shall be same as street/highway, to extent practicable. Perpendicular to street/highway, grade of boarding and alighting areas shall not be steeper than 2% (1:50). R Grade. Parallel to the street or highway, the grade of boarding and alighting areas shall be the same as the street or highway, to the extent practicable. Perpendicular to the street or highway, the grade of boarding and alighting areas shall not be steeper than 2 percent.

2010 ADA and Transportation Standards Slope: Parallel to roadway, slope of bus stop boarding and alighting area shall be same as roadway, to maximum extent practicable. Perpendicular to the roadway, slope of bus stop boarding and alighting area shall not be steeper than 1:48 (2.08%). Slope. Parallel to the roadway, the slope of the bus stop boarding and alighting area shall be the same as the roadway, to the maximum extent practicable. Perpendicular to the roadway, the slope of the bus stop boarding and alighting area shall not be steeper than1:48.

Pedestrian Crossings PROWAG 2005
Crosswalks shall comply with R305.2 and contain a PAR that connects to departure and arrival walkways through any median or pedestrian refuge island. Marked crosswalks shall be 1.8 m (6 feet) wide minimum. Running slope shall be 5% maximum, measured parallel to direction of pedestrian travel in crosswalk. R305 Pedestrian Crossings R305.1 General. Pedestrian crossings shall comply with R305. R305.2 Crosswalks. Crosswalks shall comply with R305.2 and shall contain a pedestrian access route that connects to departure and arrival walkways through any median or pedestrian refuge island. R Width. Marked crosswalks shall be 1.8 m (6 ft) wide minimum. ***** R Running Slope. The running slope shall be 5 percent maximum, measured parallel to the direction of pedestrian travel in the crosswalk.

Pedestrian Crossings PROWAG 2005 (cont.)
Crossings with Stop Control: cross slope shall be 2% maximum. Crossings without Stop Control: Cross slope shall be 5% maximum. Midblock Crossings: Cross slope at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street/highway grade. R Cross Slope R Crossings with Stop Control. The cross slope shall be 2 percent maximum. R Crossings without Stop Control. The cross slope shall be 5 percent maximum. R Midblock Crossings. The cross slope at midblock crossings shall be permitted to be warped to meet street or highway grade.

Pedestrian Street Crossings
PROWAG 2011 and SUPs Cross slope of pedestrian access routes shall be 2% maximum. Without Yield or Stop Control: Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, cross slope of PAR shall be 5% maximum. R302.6 Cross Slope. Except as provided in R and R , the cross slope of pedestrian access routes shall be 2 percent maximum. Advisory R302.6 Cross Slope. The cross slope requirements in R302.6 apply to sidewalks and other pedestrian circulation paths, pedestrian street crossings and at-grade rail crossings, and pedestrian overpasses and underpasses and similar structures (see R302.2). The cross slope of the pedestrian access route is measured perpendicular to the direction of pedestrian travel. Cross slope requirements are contained in R for curb ramps and blended transitions, and in R407.3 for ramps. R Pedestrian Street Crossings Without Yield or Stop Control. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route shall be 5 percent maximum. Advisory R Pedestrian Street Crossings Without Yield or Stop Control. Pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control are crossings where there is no yield or stop sign, or where there is a traffic signal that is designed for the green phase. At pedestrian street crossings without yield or stop control, vehicles can proceed through the intersection without slowing or stopping. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings with yield or stop control, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route must be 2 percent maximum (see R302.6). At pedestrian street crossings with yield or stop control, vehicles slow or stop before proceeding through the intersection.

PROWAG 2011 and SUPs (cont.) Midblock: Where PARs are contained within midblock pedestrian street crossings, cross slope of PAR shall be permitted to equal street/highway grade. Where PARs are contained within pedestrian street crossings, grade of PAR shall be 5% maximum. R Midblock Pedestrian Street Crossings. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within midblock pedestrian street crossings, the cross slope of the pedestrian access route shall be permitted to equal the street or highway grade. R Pedestrian Street Crossings. Where pedestrian access routes are contained within pedestrian street crossings, the grade of the pedestrian access route shall be 5 percent maximum.

2010 ADA and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Have no provisions for pedestrian street crossings

Pedestrian Signal Phase Timing
PROWAG 2005 All pedestrian signal phase timing shall be calculated using a pedestrian walk speed of 1.1 m/s (3.5 ft/s) maximum. Crosswalk distance used in calculating pedestrian signal phase timing shall include entire length of the crosswalk. For example, signal phase timing for a crosswalk 84 feet long must be 24 seconds minimum. R305.3 Pedestrian Signal Phase Timing. All pedestrian signal phase timing shall be calculated using a pedestrian walk speed of 1.1 m/s (3.5 ft/s) maximum. The crosswalk distance used in calculating pedestrian signal phase timing shall include the entire length of the crosswalk.

PROWAG 2011 and SUPs All pedestrian signal phase timing shall comply with section 4E.06 of the MUTCD (incorporated by reference, see R104.2). Shall be based on a pedestrian clearance time that is calculated using a pedestrian walking speed of 1.1 m/s (3.5 ft/s) or less. R306.2 Pedestrian Signal Phase Timing. All pedestrian signal phase timing shall comply with section 4E.06 of the MUTCD (incorporated by reference, see R104.2 and shall be based on a pedestrian clearance time that is calculated using a pedestrian walking speed of 1.1 m/s (3.5 ft/s) or less.

2010 ADA and ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Have no provisions for pedestrian signal phase timing

Questions…

Resources U.S. Department of Justice http://www.ada.gov/
Rocky Mountain ADA Center: , 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design

Resources Revised Draft Guidelines for Accessible Public Rights-of-Way (11/23/2005) Proposed Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way (7/26/2011)

Resources ADA Standards for Transportation Facilities Proposed Supplements to Proposed Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way

Resources Guidance on the 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design Federal Highway Administration, Public Rights-of-Way Access Advisory

Resources Federal Highway Administration Civil Rights Programs DOJ/DOT Joint Technical Assistance on the Title II of the ADA

My contact information: Geoff Ames Meeting the Challenge, Inc. Rocky Mountain ADA Center/Project , x106 or

Let’s Get Technical: Standards, Best Practices, and Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way For Montana Department of Transportation.

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Let’s Get Technical: Standards, Best Practices, and Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way For Montana Department of Transportation.

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Presentation on theme: "Let’s Get Technical: Standards, Best Practices, and Guidelines for Pedestrian Facilities in the Public Right-of-Way For Montana Department of Transportation."— Presentation transcript:

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