2. SELECTION Selection is the process of picking individuals(out of a pool of job applicants) who have relevant qualifications & competence to fill jobs in an organization.

3. It is the process of differentiating between applicants in order to identify ( & hire) those with a greater likelihood of success in a job. Recruitment (+)ve (attract as many individuals as possible) Selection (-)ve (to eliminate unqualified & identify the right candidates) Selection procedure is concerned with securing relevant inf. about an applicant thru a no. of steps / stages. At each stage,facts come out which may lead to rejection of the applicant.----also called successive hurdle technique.

4. The Goal of Selection: Maximize “Hits”

5. Preliminary interview Reception of applications Physically unfit, professionally objectionable or unfavorable general impression Internal environment External environment Unfavorable personal data Unfavorable test score Application blank Psychological tests Interview Background information (reference checking) Final selection Physical examination Placement Waiting List of desirable applicants Unfavorable second impression Unfavorable previous history -ve decision Physically unfit SELECTION PROCESS

6. ENVIRONMENT External Supply & demand of specific skills in labour mkt. Unemployment rate Labour mkt. Conditions Legal & political consideration Co.s image Internal Co.s. policy

7. HRP Cost of hiring Selection is usually a series of hurdles or steps. Each one must be successfully cleared before the applicant proceeds to the next  RECEPTION, INITIAL OR PRELIMINARY INTERVIEW OR SCREENING,COURTESY INTERVIEW The HR department tries to screen out the obvious misfits through this courtesy interview.

8. Conductedby special interviewer / high caliber receptionist / junior executive etc. Usually when applicants are large in no. A sorting process in which inf. regarding org. in general, job is given & inf. from candidates is elicited---education, experience, communication skills, physical appearance etc. Is short, may be conducted over a desk, counter. Also called stand up interviews.

9.  APPLICATION BLANK / APPLICATION FORM It is a printed form completed by job aspirants detailing their educational background, previous work history and certain personal data. Used to circulate among members of mgmt.,& storing inf. for future references Many types long brief

10. Contents Of Application Blank  Personal data (address, sex, identification marks)  Marital data (single or married, children, dependents)  Physical data (height, weight, health condition)  Educational data (levels of formal education, marks, distinctions)  Employment data (past experience, promotions, nature of duties, reasons for leaving previous jobs, salary drawn, etc.)  Extra-curricular activities data (sports/games, NSS, NCC, prizes won, leisure-time activities)  Country of citizenship  References (names of two or more people who certify the suitability of an applicant to the advertised position)

11. Online Applications An Internet-based automated posting, application, and tracking process helps firms to more quickly fill positions.

12.  TESTS A test is a standardized, objective measure of a sample of behaviour. –for comparing behavior of two persons. Selection tests are increasingly used by companies these days because they measure individual differences in a scientific way, leaving very little room for individual bias.

13. Classification of Employment Tests Cognitive Ability Tests Aptitude tests Measures of a person’s capacity to learn or acquire skills. Achievement tests Measures of what a person knows or can do right now. Personality and Interest Inventories “Big Five” personality factors: Extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience.

14. CPI Personality Facets and Sample Items Agreeableness  Trust—I believe people are usually honest with me. Conscientiousness  Attention to detail—I like to complete every detail of tasks according to the work plans. Extroversion  Adaptability—For me, change is exciting. Neuroticism  Self-confidence—I am confident about my skills and abilities. Openness to Experience  Independence—I tend to work on projects alone, even if others volunteer to help me.

15. Physical Ability Tests Must be related to the essential functions of the the job. Job Knowledge Tests An achievement test that measures a person’s level of understanding about a particular job. Work Sample Tests Require the applicant to perform tasks that are actually a part of the work required on the job.

16. Is a formal, in depth conversation conducted to evaluate the applicant’s acceptability. Allows two way exchange of information. Types of interviews 1)Preliminary interview a)Informal interview—for basic, non-job related information. b)Unstructured interview– candidate given freedom  INTERVIEWS

17. to tell about himself, areas etc. & interviewer also provides the requisite information. 2) Core interview a) Background information interview b) Job & probing interview c) The nondirective interview: the recruiter asks questions as they come to mind d) The directive or structured interview: the recruiter uses a predetermined set of Questions that are clearly job-related.

18. e)The situational interview: the recruiter presents a hypothetical incident and asks The candidate to respond

19. e) The behavioral interview: the focus here is on actual work related incidents and the applicant is supposed to reveal what he or she did in a given situation f) Stress interview: the recruiter attempts to find how applicants would respond to aggressive, embarrassing, rule and insulting (at times) questions

20. h)The panel interview: three or four interviewers pose questions to the applicant and examine the suitability of the candidate i) Group discussion j) Depth interview : in core areas of knowledge & skills.

21. h)Computer Interview Using a computer program that requires candidates to answer a series of questions tailored to the job. Answers are compared either with an ideal profile or with profiles developed on the basis of other candidates’ responses. i) Video interviews Using video conference technologies to evaluate job candidates’ technical abilities, energy level, appearance, and the like before incurring the costs of a face-to-face meeting.

22. Diversity Management: Are Your Questions Legal No questions are expressly forbidden. Questions related to race, color, age, religion, sex, or national origin can be hazardous. Questions are acceptable if job-related, asked of everyone, and do not discriminate against a protected class (e.g., females).

23.  Snap judgements: deciding the applicant's suitability quickly based on the early impression  Leniency: the tendency to rate employee high or excellent on all criteria  Stereotyping: attributing characteristics to individuals based on their inclusion or membership in a particular group  Bias: allowing the ratings to be influence by the personal likes and dislikes  Halo effect: a single important trait of a candidate affects the judgment of the rater ( like “athletes make good sales people”)  Candidate order error: the order in which a rater interviews candidates could influence ratings sometimes Interviewing Mistakes

24. Interview process Preparation of interview Conduct the interview Close the interview Evaluate the interview Appropriate type of interview Areas to be tested Type & no. of interviews Review the information Open the interview Get complete & accurate information Record observations & impressions Guide the interview Check the success of the interview

25. REFERENCE & BACKGROUND CHECKS SELECTION DECISION

26. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION To check if individual carries any infectious disease, physical ability, to protect employer from workers compensation claims that are not valid. JOB OFFER Thru letter of appointment Carries date of joining

27. CONTRACTS OF EMPLOYEMENT Carries Job title Duties Date when employment starts Pay, allowances Hrs of working, overtime, shifts etc. Holidays Length of notice Rules Contracts ( if applicable )

28. Evaluation The broad test of effectiveness is the quality of personnel hired