1. Classification of Matter

2. What is matter? Anything that occupies space and has mass

3. What is matter made of? Substances: matter that is an element or a compound So how do we classify matter: - By the materials matter is made up of - 4 states of matter

4. Example: How would you classify a pencil? - Wood - Graphite - Eraser Break it down to the to its simpler parts!!!!

5. Elements The unit that makes up all matter are atoms –If all atoms of the sample of matter have the same identity they are called elements (see periodic table of elements) Example: Oxygen

6. Compounds What happens when two or more elements come together? –They form a Compound Example: H 2 0 –H is an element, O is an element, together they form the compound water

7. How about table salt? Table salt is a compound: –NaCl Na is an element, Cl is an element –Together they form a compound

8. Mixtures What happens if you combine salt and water? –When you combine two or more substances that can be separated by physical means you have a mixture! Salt can be separated from water by evaporation!!!

9. Back to the pencil! The pencil is a MIXTURE: –Wood (compound) –graphite (element) –Eraser (compound)

10. Solutions Salt water – mixture –Can you see the salt in the water? No Homogenous Mixture – –A material in which two or more substances are spread out evenly and cannot settle out when standing Homogenous mixture = Solution

11. Heterogenous Mixtures A mixture in which different parts can be easily distinguished –Example: Pencil, Peanut Butter and Jelly Sandwich

12. Categories of Heterogenous Mixtures Colloids – Heterogenous mixture that never settles –Example: Milk –How can you tell it’s a colloid? By the Tyndall Effect –The scattering of light by the particles in the mixture

13. Suspension Some mixtures are neither solutions nor colloids –They are known as a suspension Is a heterogenous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle out when standing –A muddy river »How is this different from a solution or colloid? - Particles carried in suspension will settle out