2. What is value? an element of art that refers to the relative darkness or lightness of an area Pavel Filonov Yard Keepers 1913

3. Value Gradation  Is used to create the illusion of three dimensional space on a two dimensional plane.

4. Most people only practice by drawing real objects. The problem with that is you will tend to pay more attention to "what" you are drawing rather than "how" you are drawing it. So, let's eliminate the subject altogether so we can concentrate on just the pencil techniques of value drawing.

5. Getting Started…tools  Drawing Pencils  Erasers  Blending tools  Pencil sharpener

6. Drawing Pencils Extremely hard - 7H to 9H Very hard - 4H to 6H Hard - 3H to 4H Medium hard - H to 2H Medium - HB to F Medium Soft - B to 2B Soft - 3B to 4B Very soft - 4B to 6B Extremely soft - 7B to 9B Ebony

7. Erasers Art Gum, Pink, Vinyl or plastic, Kneaded

8. First try experimenting with your pencils. Make random markings Try making lines that go darkest to lightest and lightest to darkest

9. First start with gradation blocks

10. Next try a gradual value scale

11. Cross Hatching The overlapping of hatched or parallel lines to create value.

13. Stippling A technique that uses patterns of dots to create values and value gradation.

15. Time to start sketching!

16. Let’s get started! You will need : -12x18inch paper -various pencils -ruler -eraser -pencil sharpener

17. Begin by turning your paper to portrait Position and drawing 4 rectangles to the Best of your ability. (10inches x 2 inches) Divide the first box into TEN sections (1x2) You will begin filling the rectangles in using the following techniques: 1.Step gradation 2.Gradual gradation 3.Cross hatching 4.Stippling

18. Begin adding value using at least an HB (#2) pencil and an Ebony Pencil. HINTS: -Begin by creating your Darkest Dark in the Ebony Pencil -Use the highest #H pencil for your lightest lights -Don’t be afraid to get dirty. (#2 square is a smudged dirty finger) -Stippling can be pains-taking so do a little at a time going from one study to another -BE NEAT!!!!! Stay in the lines and erase all stray marks