2. A bank robbery has occurred. Two armed men have been apprehended In the vicinity of the bank. Pamela Leutwyler

4. The district attorney does not have enough evidence to convict either man of the armed robbery - UNLESS ONE OF THEM CONFESSES. If neither one confesses, the most the district attorney can do is to sentence each one to 1 year in jail for illegal possession of firearms. The men are separated. Each is offered the following deal: If you confess and your partner does not confess, you will go free and he will be sentenced to 10 years in jail. If you both confess each will get a reduced Sentence of 5 years in jail. If neither confesses each will get a sentence of 1 year.

5. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Harry does not confess

6. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Harry does not confess

7. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess

8. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years

9. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year

10. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year

11. TOM Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year Tom’s reasoning: If Harry confesses, I get 5 years if I confess I get 10 years if I do not confess. I should confess

12. I should confess TOM Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year Tom’s reasoning: If Harry does not confess, I get 0 years if I confess I get 1 year if I do not confess I should confess

13. TOM Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year Tom’s reasoning: I should confess I should confess No matter what Harry does, It is in my best self interest To confess.

14. HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year Harry’s reasoning: If Tom confesses, I get 5 years if I confess I get 10 years if I do not confess I should confess

15. I should confess HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year Harry’s reasoning: If Tom does not confess, I get 0 years if I confess I get 1 year if I Do not confess I should confess

16. I should confess HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year Harry’s reasoning: I should confess No matter what Tom does, It is in my best self interest To confess.

17. TOM HARRY Tom confesses Tom does not confess Harry confesses Tom gets 5 years Harry gets 5 years Tom gets 10 years Harry gets 0 years Harry does not confess Tom gets 0 years Harry gets 10 years Tom gets 1 year Harry gets 1 year They both confess. Each is sentenced to 5 years. Best option for both is to cooperate-NOT confess!

18. The paradox in the “prisoner’s dilemma” is that the Best outcome for both men is achieved only if Each individually acts against his own best self interest!