1. This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Essentials of Sociology Sixth Edition Chapter Ten: Inequalities of Gender and Age

2. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20062 Chapter Overview  Issues of Sex and Gender  How Females Became a Minority Group  Gender Inequality in the United States  The Changing Face of Politics  Aging in Global Perspective  The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective  The Functionalist Perspective  The Conflict Perspective

3. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20063 “Unequal Access to Power, Prestige, and Property on the Basis of Sex.” What’s Gender Stratification?

4. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20064  Sex - Biological Characteristics  Female and Male  Primary and Secondary Sexual Characteristics Issues of Sex and Gender Microsoft Images

5. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20065  Gender - Social Characteristics  Masculinity and Femininity  Appropriate Behavior Issues of Sex and Gender Microsoft Images

6. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20066  Dominant Position in Sociology  Social Factors Primary, Not Biological  If Biological Should Be Less Variation in Male and Female Behavior across Cultures Gender Differences In Behavior Biology or Culture?

7. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20067  Nature vs. Nurture  A Medical Accident  Vietnam Veteran Study Opening the Door to Biology Microsoft Images

8. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20068  Origins of Patriarchy  Early On, Life was Short  Females Limited by Childbearing  Men Became Dominant as Hunters and Warriors  Weapons, Trade, and Knowledge gained from Contact with Others Gave Men Power How Females Became a Minority Group

9. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 20069  Conflict Theory - Power Yields Privilege  Feminism  Biology is not Destiny  Stratification by Gender Should Be Resisted Gender Inequality in the U.S.

10. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200610 Figure 10.1 Page 257

11. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200611  Fighting Back: The Rise of Feminism  First Wave - Early 1900s  Second Wave Began 1960s  Third Wave Emerging Now Gender Inequality in the U.S. Microsoft Images

12. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200612  Gender Inequality in Education Gender Inequality in the U.S. Microsoft Images

13. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200613 Figure 10.2 - Gender Changes in Professional Degrees. Page 258

14. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200614  Gender Inequality in Education  Gender Inequality in Health Care Gender Inequality in the U.S. Microsoft Images

15. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200615 Gender Inequality in the Workplace

16. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200616 Figure 10.3 - Women’s and Men’s Proportion of the U.S. Labor Force. Page 258

17. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200617 Figure 10.4 -Married Women in the Labor Force. Page 260

18. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200618 Figure 10.5 - Women in the Work Force. Page 260

19. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200619  The Pay Gap Gender Inequality in the Workplace

20. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200620 Figure 10.6 - The Gender Gap, by Education. Page 261

21. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200621 Figure 10.7 - The Gender Gap Over Time: What Percentage of Men’s Income Do Women Earn? Page 262

22. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200622  The Pay Gap  The Glass Ceiling and Escalator Gender Inequality in the Workplace

23. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200623  The Pay Gap  The Glass Ceiling and Escalator  Sexual Harassment and Worse Gender Inequality in the Workplace

24. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200624  Violence Against Women  Forcible Rape  Date Rape  Murder  Violence in the Home Gender and Violence Microsoft Images

25. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200625 Figure 10.8 - Killers and their Victims. Page 264

26. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200626  Feminism and Gendered Violence  Solutions Gender and Violence

27. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200627  Women Majority in Population  Women Underrepresented in Law and Business Careers  Irregular Hours Incompatible with Role as Mother Changing Face of Politics Microsoft Images

28. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200628  Women Less Likely to have Supportive Spouse  Men Reluctant to Incorporate Women in Decision Making Changing Face of Politics

29. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200629  Structural Barriers Coming Down  Abandoning Stereotypes  New Consciousness  Change in Relationships Glimpsing the Future With Hope Microsoft Images

30. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200630  Social Construction of Aging  Tiwi vs. Abkhasians  Effects of Industrialization Aging in Global Perspective Microsoft Images

31. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200631 Figure 10.9 - The Graying of the Globe. Page 270

32. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200632  Social Construction of Aging  Tiwi vs. Abkhasians  Effects of Industrialization  Graying of America  Life Expectancy  Life span Aging in Global Perspective Microsoft Images

33. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200633 Figure 10.10 - U.S. Life Expectancy by Year of Birth. Page 271

34. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200634 Figure 10.11 - The Graying of America: Americans Age 65 and Older. Page 271

35. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200635 Figure 10.12- The Median Age of the U.S. Population. Page 271

36. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200636 Figure 10.13 - As Florida Goes, Go Goes the Nation: The Year 2025. Page 272

37. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200637  Ageism: The Concept  Shifting Meanings of Growing Old  Influence of the Mass Media Symbolic Interactionist Perspective

38. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200638  Disengagement Theory  Activity Theory  Continuity Theory Functionalist Perspective

39. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200639  Social Security Legislation  Intergenerational Conflict Conflict Perspective

40. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200640 Figure 10.14 - Costs of Social Security. Page 276

41. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200641 Figure 10.15 - Fewer Workers Supporting a Larger Number of Retirees and Disabled Workers. Page 277

42. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200642 Figure 10.16 - Health Care Costs for the Elderly and Disabled. Page 277

43. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200643 Figure 10.17 - Trends in Poverty. Page 280

44. Inequalities of Gender and Age Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 200644