1. LOOK, LISTEN, LEARN: IDEAL COURSES IN AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION TRAINING Dr Fotios Karamitroglou, AUEB / Softitler Inc.

2. The Modes of AV Transfer Subtitling vs. Revoicing: Worlds Apart

3. The Mode of Subtitling a) Interlingual subtitling b) Intralingual/monolingual subtitling

4. Additional Subtitling Tasks 1) Proofreading 2) Correlation 3) Rematch 4) Typing from a dubbed video 5) Script typing 6) Image QC 7) Translation of a DVD menu

5. Proofreading Key qualities:  thorough knowledge of subtitling constraints  top-class SL competence  fluency in mother tongue  acute perception  tolerance towards translator’s choices  ability to make new suggestions

6. Correlation Key qualities:  all previous proofreading qualities  knowledge of AV distribution market  familiarisation with subtitling equipment  text editing (including semantics, stylistics and pragmatics)

7. Rematch Key qualities:  all previous correlation qualities  text distribution  line division  duration

8. Typing from Dubbed Video & Typing from Script Key qualities:  text editing  awareness of spatiotemporal constraints

9. Image QC Key qualities:  idiosyncratic use of punctuation and paralinguistic features

10. Translation of DVD Menus Key qualities:  tips on translation of publicity texts  technical translation guidelines  knowledge of DVD as a medium

11. Interlingual Subtitling Course Key modules: 1) Introduction to cinematography and analysis of film-making procedures 2) Introduction to the sociology and market of the AV media 3) Introduction to cinematic language 4) Advanced semantics or semiotics 5) Advanced stylistics and pragmatics 6) Selective analysis of SL literary texts 7) Selective analysis of TL literary texts 8) Introduction to subtitling history 9) Extensive analysis of spatial subtitling constraints 10) Extensive analysis of temporal subtitling constraints 11) Extensive analysis of the idiosyncratic use of punctuation and paralinguistic features in subtitling 12) Line division guidelines 13) Editing techniques 14) Familiarisation with subtitling software/hardware 15) 3-6 months placement with a subtitling company

12. Interlingual Subtitling Course Entry requirements*: a) a good language degree in the designated SL; and/or b) a good translation degree in the designated SL-TL combination * Knowledge of Translation Theory and General Translation Methods is presupposed

13. Interlingual Subtitling Course Assessment:  written exams for modules 1-15  subtitling project (800-1000 subs)  certificate of attendance for the placement period

14. Intralingual/monolingual subtitling Key qualities:  understand the needs of the deaf and HoH community  thorough knowledge of subtitling standards  good cinematic knowledge  excellent command of the mother tongue  mastery of subtitling equipment

15. Intralingual Subtitling Course Key modules: 1) Introduction to cinematography and analysis of film-making procedures 2) Introduction to the sociology and market of the AV media 3) Introduction to cinematic language 4) Advanced semantics or semiotics 5) Advanced stylistics and pragmatics 6) Psychology and Sociology of Deaf and HoH people 7) Selective analysis of TL literary texts 8) Introduction to subtitling history 9) Extensive analysis of spatial subtitling constraints 10) Extensive analysis of temporal subtitling constraints 11) Extensive analysis of the idiosyncratic use of punctuation and paralinguistic features in subtitling 12) Line division guidelines 13) Editing techniques 14) Familiarisation with subtitling software/hardware 15) 3-6 months placement with a subtitling company

16. Intralingual Subtitling Course Entry requirements: a) a good language degree in the TL; and/or b) a good degree in the psychology of the deaf Assessment: Tripartite Scheme applied on Interlingual Subtitling Course

17. The Mode of Revoicing a) Lip-sync dubbing b) Narration/voice-over c) Free commentary

18. Dubbing Key qualities:  thorough knowledge of phonetics  awareness of temporal constraints  casting abilities  loop scheduling  performance staging  sound engineering  voice acting

19. Dubbing Course Key modules: 1) Introduction to cinematography and analysis of film-making procedures 2) Introduction to the sociology and market of the AV media 3) Introduction to cinematic language 4) Advanced semantics or semiotics 5) Advanced stylistics and pragmatics 6) Selective analysis of SL literary texts 7) Selective analysis of TL literary texts 8) Advanced phonetics and phonology 9) Introduction to dubbing history 10) Extensive analysis of temporal dubbing constraints 11) Extensive analysis of visual constraints 12) Basic acting parameters 13) Familiarisation with sound studio facilities and recording equipment 14) 3-6 months placement with a dubbing company

20. Dubbing Course Entry requirements*: a) a good language degree in the designated SL; and/or b) a good translation degree in the designated SL-TL combination * Knowledge of Translation Theory and General Translation Methods is presupposed

21. Dubbing Course Entry requirements (continued): c) a good degree in cinematography* *provided they first attend a crash course that comprises: - General Linguistics - Syntax/Grammar - Contrastive Analysis (SL-TL) - Translation Theory - General Translation Methods

22. Dubbing Course Assessment:  written exams for modules 1-14  dubbing project (about 15 min, at least 5 different personas)  certificate of attendance for the placement period

23. Voice-over Key qualities:  knowledge of cinematic issues  mild and pleasant voice

24. Voice-over Course Key modules: 1) Introduction to cinematography and analysis of film-making procedures 2) Introduction to the sociology and market of the AV media 3) Introduction to cinematic language 4) Advanced semantics or semiotics 5) Advanced stylistics and pragmatics 6) Selective analysis of SL literary texts 7) Selective analysis of TL literary texts 8) Extensive analysis of temporal voice-over constraints 9) Extensive analysis of visual constraints 10) Familiarisation with sound studio facilities and recording equipment 11) 2-4 months placement with a voice-over company

25. Voice-over Course Entry requirements*: a) a good language degree in the designated SL; and/or b) a good translation degree in the designated SL-TL combination * Knowledge of Translation Theory and General Translation Methods is presupposed

26. Voice-over Course Assessment:  written exams for modules 1-11  voice-over project (about 30 min, 5000 words of text)  certificate of attendance for the placement period

27. Free commentary Outside the scope of AV Translation proper Key qualities:  good SL-TL knowledge  basic familiarisation with General Translation Methods

28. Audio Description Key qualities:  psychology of the blind and visually impaired  Knowledge of revoicing standards  good cinematic knowledge  excellent command of the mother tongue  thorough knowledge of recording equipment

29. Audio Description Course Key modules: 1) Introduction to cinematography and analysis of film-making procedures 2) Introduction to the sociology and market of the AV media 3) Introduction to cinematic language 4) Advanced semantics or semiotics 5) Advanced stylistics and pragmatics 6) Psychology of the blind and visually impaired 7) Selective analysis of TL literary texts 8) Extensive analysis of temporal voice-over constraints 9) Extensive analysis of visual constraints 10) Familiarisation with sound studio facilities and recording equipment 11) 2-4 months placement with an audio description or voice-over company

30. Audio Description Course Entry requirements: a) a good language degree in the TL; and/or b) a good degree in the psychology of the blind Assessment: Tripartite Scheme applied on Interlingual Subtitling Course

31. Flexibility of Courses To be tailored as per the needs and aims of every institution:  Course duration  Course level  Credit system

32. A Call for Proper AV Training Mutant reading habits: (90 min) x (1000 subs) x (6 words) x (4 movies per week) = 1 book per month!

33. AV Translation Training in the Academia and the Market  MA in Audiovisual Translation, University of Surrey (UK) http://www.surrey.ac.uk/lcts/cts/pgprog/mainavtranslation.htm  MA/PGDip in Audiovisual Translation, Roehampton University (UK) http://www.roehampton.ac.uk/pg/avt/index.htmlhttp://www.roehampton.ac.uk/pg/avt/index.html  MA in Screen Translation, University of Sheffield (UK) http://www.shef.ac.uk/mltc/courses/pg/subtitlinghttp://www.shef.ac.uk/mltc/courses/pg/subtitling  MA in Monolingual Subtitling and Audio Description, University of Surrey (UK) http://www.surrey.ac.uk/lcts/cts/pgprog/mainmonsubauddescription.htm  MA in Screen Translation Studies (interlingual and intralingual subtitling, and multimedia translation), University of Leeds (UK) http://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/cts/cts_content/ma_programmes/masts.asphttp://www.smlc.leeds.ac.uk/cts/cts_content/ma_programmes/masts.asp  MA in Translation Studies (with general Audiovisual Translation option), University of Manchester (UK) http://www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/Research/Centres/CentreforTranslationandInterculturalStudies/MAProgramme/ http://www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/Research/Centres/CentreforTranslationandInterculturalStudies/MAProgramme/  Screen Translation course at BA/MA level, Centre for Translation & Lexicography, University of Copenhagen (Denmark) http://www.hum.ku.dk/translationstudies/http://www.hum.ku.dk/translationstudies/  ‘Audiovisual Translation: Theory and Practice’ module at the School of English of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece) http://www.enl.auth.gr/under/findex.htmhttp://www.enl.auth.gr/under/findex.htm  Crash course in Subtitling, Glossologia Institute, Athens (Greece) http://www.glossologia.gr/html/en/sub/studies/sub/translation/subtitling.html http://www.glossologia.gr/html/en/sub/studies/sub/translation/subtitling.html  Seminar course in Subtitling, Titelbild Subtitling Agency, Berlin (Germany) http://www.titelbild.de/english/courses.htm http://www.titelbild.de/english/courses.htm  Intensive Courses in Translation for the Media (Italian & Spanish) including subtitling, voice-over and dubbing, Centre for Language Studies, City University, London (UK) http://www.city.ac.uk/languages/translation_for_media.html http://www.city.ac.uk/languages/translation_for_media.html  1 year course in Dubbing, Scuola di Cinema Immagina, Florence (Italy) http://www.cinemaimmagina.it/eng/doppiaggio.htm http://www.cinemaimmagina.it/eng/doppiaggio.htm  Part-time course in Dubbing, The Hong Kong Academy of Performing Arts, (Hong Kong) http://www.hkapa.edu/asp/general/general_part_time_course_detail.asp?performanceid=2224&lang=eng&mode=g ui http://www.hkapa.edu/asp/general/general_part_time_course_detail.asp?performanceid=2224&lang=eng&mode=g ui  Dubbing workshop in the Summer School of the Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid (Spain) http://www.spanishacademics.com/course/SUMMER_SCHOOL-UNIVERSIDAD_FRANCISCO_DE_VITORIA_(UFV)- MADRID-SPAIN-1385-11.html http://www.spanishacademics.com/course/SUMMER_SCHOOL-UNIVERSIDAD_FRANCISCO_DE_VITORIA_(UFV)- MADRID-SPAIN-1385-11.html  Voicetrax Studio Voice-over course (USA) http://www.voiceover-training.com/http://www.voiceover-training.com/  Dan Balestrero’s online Voice-over course (USA) http://www.actortips.com/products/voice_over_work.htmhttp://www.actortips.com/products/voice_over_work.htm