1. Exotic hadrons with heavy quarks 17-30 May. 2010@YITP Shigehiro Yasui KEK

2. Contents 1. Introduction Why do we use heavy quarks? 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP ・ Diquarks in QGP ・ Tcc tetraquarks and others... ・ Charm/Bottom Nuclei 3. Discussion and Summary

3. 1. Introduction Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking Confinement of quarks and gluons U(1) A anomaly Hadrons and Nuclei Quark Matter Quark-Gluon Plasma...... typical features in QCD Variety of states of QCD matter QCD matter

4. Variety of states of QCD matter 1. Introduction Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) Dynamical chiral symmetry breaking Confinement of quarks and gluons U(1) A anomaly Hadrons and Nuclei Quark Matter Quark-Gluon Plasma...... typical features in QCD How can we understand them from QCD? → Very difficult for light quarks QCD matter

5. Heavy Quark Effective Theory (potential) non-relativistic QCD Heavy Meson Effective Theory Lattice QCD Heavy Quark Symmetry 1. Introduction M Q →∞ Heavy Quark

6. Heavy Quark Effective Theory (potential) non-relativistic QCD Heavy Meson Effective Theory Lattice QCD Heavy Quark Symmetry 1. Introduction Exotic Hadrons Charm/Bottom Nuclei Diquarks in QGP M Q →∞ Heavy Quark

7. Heavy Quark Effective Theory (potential) non-relativistic QCD Heavy Meson Effective Theory Lattice QCD Heavy Quark Symmetry 1. Introduction Exotic Hadrons Charm/Bottom Nuclei Diquarks in QGP → ud diquarks in sQGP M Q →∞ Heavy Quark

8. Heavy Quark Effective Theory (potential) non-relativistic QCD Heavy Meson Effective Theory Lattice QCD Heavy Quark Symmetry 1. Introduction Exotic Hadrons Charm/Bottom Nuclei Diquarks in QGP → ud diquarks in sQGP → Tcc, Θcs, Hc,... M Q →∞ Heavy Quark

9. Heavy Quark Effective Theory (potential) non-relativistic QCD Heavy Meson Effective Theory Lattice QCD Heavy Quark Symmetry 1. Introduction Exotic Hadrons Charm/Bottom Nuclei Diquarks in QGP → ud diquarks in sQGP → Tcc, Θcs, Hc,... → new exotic nuclei M Q →∞ Heavy Quark

11. Diquarks in QGP S. H. Lee, K. Ohnishi, SY, I.-K. Yoo, C.-M. Ko, Phy. Rev. Lett. 100, 222301 (2008) Y. Oh, C.-M. Ko, S. H. Lee, SY, Phys. Rev. C79, 044905 (2009)

12. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Diquarks in QGP Diquarks in Baryons N Λ Λc d c u d u u ud diquark is isolated from c and b diquark (spin 0) interaction [MeV] ud -150 us -90 ds -90 uc -30 dc -30 sc -15 ub -10 db -10 sb -5 cb -2 d s u Λb d b u

13. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Diquarks in QGP Phase diagram in sQGP Diquarks in QGP How to observe diquarks?

14. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Diquarks in QGP Phase diagram in sQGP Λc c d u d c u ud diquark +→ Diquarks in QGP How to observe diquarks?

15. Phase diagram in sQGP Diquarks in QGP How to observe diquarks? 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Diquarks in QGP Λc b d u ud diquark +→ d b u

16. Exotic Hadrons in Diquark Model S. H. Lee, SY, W. Liu, C.-M. Ko, Eur. Phys. J. C54, 259 (2008) S. H. Lee, SY, Eur. Phys. J. C64, 283 (2009)

17. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons Tetraquark Tcc(udcc) c c d u T cc 1 c + D* - D0D0 u c B.E. -61 MeV -123 MeV T bb 1 B.E.T cc 1 S=0 S=-1 -4 MeV -74 MeV d 3f3f 3f3f

18. u b 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons d u T bb 1 b b d + B* 0 b B+B+ B.E. -61 MeV -123 MeV T bb 1 B.E.T cc 1 S=0 S=-1 -4 MeV -74 MeV Tetraquark Tcc(udcc) 3f3f 3f3f

19. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons d u T cb 1 B.E. +24 MeV -21 MeV T cb 0 B.E.T cb 1 S=0 S=-1 +3 MeV -59 MeV b c d + B* 0 D0D0 u c b B.E.T cc 1 S=0 S=-1 -4 MeV -74 MeV B.E. -61 MeV -123 MeV T bb 1 Tetraquark Tcc(udcc) 3f3f 3f3f

20. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons Tetraquark Tcc(udcc) How to observe T cc in experiments? c c d u T cc 1 K + π - K + π - π - T cb 0 c d u b K + π -

21. c u 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons Θ cs Λ d u s + s d u B.E.Θ bs B.E. S=-1 S=-2 Θ cs u c D0D0 +8 MeV -56 MeV Pentaquark Θcs(udusc) 3f3f

22. b u 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons Θ bs Λ d u s + s d u B.E. S=-1 S=-2 +8 MeV Θ cs u b B+B+ B.E.Θ bs -56 MeV Pentaquark Θcs(udusc) 3f3f

23. HcHc 6f6f Dibaryon H c (udusuc) 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons

24. HcHc HbHb 6f6f 6f6f Dibaryon H c (udusuc) 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons

25. HcHc HbHb H’ cb 6f6f 6f6f 3f3f Dibaryon H c (udusuc) 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons

26. HcHc HbHb H cb H’ cb 6f6f 6f6f 3f3f 15 f Dibaryon H c (udusuc) 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons

27. HcHc HbHb H cb H’ cb H ccb 6f6f 6f6f 3f3f 15 f 8f8f Dibaryon H c (udusuc) 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Hadrons

28. Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei SY and K. Sudoh, Phys. Rev. D80, 034008 (2009)

29. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Strangeness Proton # Neutron # Charm

30. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Nucleus proton neutron Strangeness (Hyperon/K)

31. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Hypernucleus proton neutron Hyperon/K

32. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Nucleus proton neutron Charm/Bottom (Λc, J/ψ, D,... Λb, Υ, B,...)

33. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Nucleus proton neutron ??? Charm/Bottom (Λc, J/ψ, D,... Λb, Υ, B,...)

34. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei N D (B) ?? Q. What is the interaction between D (B) and N ?

35. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei NK KN SU(3) ND DN NB BN Weinberg-Tomozawa SU(4)SU(5) Lutz-Kolomeitsev (2004), Hoffmann-Lutz (2005), Mizutani-Ramos (2006), Gamermann- Oset-Strottman-Vacas (2007), Haidenbauer-Krein-Meissner-Sibirtsev (2007),... Strangeness, Charm, Bottom,...

36. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei DB K K* D* B* 400 MeV 140 MeV 45 MeV D* and B* are new ingredients! 500 MeV1870 MeV5280 MeV K* is almost irrelevant in dynamics. Strangeness, Charm, Bottom,...

37. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei DB K K* D* B* 400 MeV 140 MeV 45 MeV D* and B* are new ingredients! Chiral SymmetryHeavy Quark Symmetry 500 MeV1870 MeV5280 MeV K* is almost irrelevant in dynamics. Strangeness, Charm, Bottom,...

38. KN interaction D(B)N interaction NK KN  Weinberg-Tomozawa One pion exchange potential (OPEP) ND D*N  NB B*N  One pion is absent. (short range force) One pion is present. (long range force) 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei

39. NK KN  Weinberg-Tomozawa One pion exchange potential (OPEP) ND* DN  NB* BN  One pion is absent. (short range force) One pion is present. (long range force) KN interaction D(B)N interaction 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei

40. NK KN  Weinberg-Tomozawa One pion exchange potential (OPEP) ND* N  NB* N  One pion is absent. (short range force) One pion is present. (long range force) KN interaction D(B)N interaction 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei

41. One pion exchange potential (OPEP) NB B*N  2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei ND D*N  S-wave DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

42. One pion exchange potential (OPEP) NB B*N  2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei ND D*N  S-wave D-wave S-wave DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

43. One pion exchange potential (OPEP) NB* N  2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei ND* N  S-wave DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

44. One pion exchange potential (OPEP) NB* N  2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei ND* N  S-wave D-wave S-wave DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

45. One pion exchange potential (OPEP) NB* N  2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei ND* N  D-wave DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

46. One pion exchange potential (OPEP) NB* N  2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0) ND* N  D-wave Similarly → J P =1/2 - (I=1) and J P =3/2 - (I=0, 1)

47. BN bound state 15 MeV 2 MeV KN (pentaquark?) threshold 100 MeV cqqqqbqqqqsqqqq StrangenessCharmBottom DN bound state 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

48. BN bound state 15 MeV 2 MeV KN (pentaquark?) threshold 100 MeV cqqqqbqqqqsqqqq StrangenessCharmBottom DN bound state 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei |DN; I=0> = |D - p> + |D 0 n> + |D* - p> + |D* 0 n> K+K+ π - p weak decay D*→Dπ is closed. DN and BN bound states J P =1/2 - (I=0)

49. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Λ(1405) KN πΣ 1433 MeV 1330 MeV ΞN ΛΛ 2255 MeV 2230MeV H dibaryon BN 6217MeV BN state DN 2807MeV DN state B.E. 15 MeV B.E. 2 MeV

50. 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei Λ(1405) KN πΣ 1433 MeV 1330 MeV ΞN ΛΛ 2255 MeV 2230MeV H dibaryon BN 6217MeV BN state DN 2807MeV DN state K nuclei Hypernuclei Charm/Bottom nuclei B.E. 15 MeV B.E. 2 MeV

51. Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei A=2 charmed (bottom) nucleus ? D (B) N N Q. Are there exotic nuclei with D (B) ? 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei

52. DNN and BNN systems D(*)D(*) N N Classification of states J P =0 - J P =1 - I=1/2 I=3/2 I=1/2 I=3/2 |D(NN) S=0,I=1 > + |D*(NN) S=1,I=0 > |D(NN) S=0,I=1 > |D(NN) S=1,I=0 > + |D*(NN) S=1,I=0 > +|D*(NN) S=0,I=1 > |D(NN) S=0,I=1 > S=1/2 I=0 S=1/2 I=0 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei

53. DNN and BNN systems Classification of states J P =0 - J P =1 - I=1/2 I=3/2 I=1/2 I=3/2 |D(NN) S=0,I=1 > + |D*(NN) S=1,I=0 > |D(NN) S=0,I=1 > |D(NN) S=1,I=0 > + |D*(NN) S=1,I=0 > +|D*(NN) S=0,I=1 > |D(NN) S=0,I=1 > 3/4 1/4 0 1/6 1/4 0 Fraction of (D ( * ) N) S=1/2,I=0 2. Exotic heavy hadrons from QGP / Exotic Charm/Bottom Nuclei D(*)D(*) N N S=1/2 I=0 S=1/2 I=0

55. 3. Discussion and Summary Exotic Hadrons Charm/Bottom Nuclei Diquarks in QGP → ud diquarks in sQGP → Tcc, Θcs, Hc,... → DN and BN states Heavy Quark LHC Belle, Babar J-PARC GSI RHIC Λ 3 H in HIC → D 3 H, D 3 He ?

57. 3. Discussion Symmetry Dynamics Matter SU(3) f HQS Flavorsc ( b) Chiral Dynamics HQET/NRQCD ??? Λ*, K-nuclei, Hypernuclei Mass0.12 GeV 1.3 (4.2) GeV What is difference between s and c (b)?