1. sall Chapter 8 Section 1 - The First President President Washington
President Washington and the new Congress had to make many decisions about the structure of the new government.
George Washington became president ton April 30, 1789.
As the first president, Washington set precedents, or traditions, which would shape the future of the United States.
The First Congress
Congress set up 3 departments in the executive brand:
The State Department dealt with other countries.
The Department of the Treasury took care of money matters.
The Department of War handled the country's defense.
The Attorney General took care of the country's legal issues.
The heads of these departments along with the Attorney General became knows as the cabinet.
sall
Benjamin Franklin
Who was the first president? ________________
George Washington
legal issues
The Department of War is responsible for the country's _____________.
defense

2. Department of the Treasury
Washington's Cabinet
Department of the Treasury
Department of War
Attorney
General
State Department
handled the
country's defense
took care of the country's legal
affairs
dealt with other
countries
took care of
money matters
all
Directions: Move the responsibilities of each department into the corresponding box.

3. The Bill of Rights protects individual liberties including:
To protect civil rights, Congress proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution. The states approved 10 of the amendments which became known as the Bill of Rights.
The Bill of Rights protects individual liberties including:
Freedom of Religion
Freedom of Assembly
To Keep and Bear Arms
Freedom of Speech
Freedom of the Press
Protection for those Accused of Crimes
business
The Bill of Rights protects _____________ liberties.
individual

4. The New Country's Economy
The new country's economy developed under the guidance of Alexander Hamilton.
The new nation faced serious financial problems, the national debt was growing.
National debt is the amount of money owed by the nation's government.
Alexander Hamilton tried to find a way to improve the government's financial reputation.
Created a national bank
Proposed a tariff - a tax on imports - to protect new American industries form foreign competition
National taxes to help the government pay off the national debt
Give the national government new financial powers
How did a tariff, a tax on imports, benefit American industry?
____________________________________________________________
Tariffs protected American industry from foreign competition.
Tariffs promoted foreign businesses.

5. Chapter 8 Section 2 - Early Challenges
The new government was faced with challenges in Pennsylvania and on the frontier.
The Whiskey Rebellion and the West
The Whiskey Rebellion
In 1791 Congress taxed the making and selling of whiskey. This tax angered farmers in western Pennsylvania. In July 1794, they attacked the tax collectors. They burned buildings. This uprising was called the Whiskey Rebellion.
This alarmed national leaders. Washington sent a force to put down the rebellion. This sent a message to citizens. The government would use force to keep order.
They had to pay a tax for whiskey.
Why were western Pennsylvania farmers upset? ___________________________
People were not buying their crops.

6. Struggle Over the West The new government faced problems in the West.
Washington was worried about European ambitions in the Northwest Territory.
He signed treaties with the Native Americans hoping to lessen the influence of the British and Spanish on them.
American settlers ignored the treaties and moved onto lands promised to the Native Americans.
Fights broke out between both groups.
Washington sent an army to the Northwest Territory to restore order.
Why did Washington sign treaties with Native American in the West?
______________________________________________________
He hoped they would leave the land so setters could live there.
He hoped to lessen the influence of the British and Spanish on them.

7. Chapter 8 Section 3 - Early Challenges
The First Political Parties
By 1796, Americans began to take opposing sides on issues. Two political parties emerged from the debates.
Federalists (People who supported the policies of the Washington administration.
Led by Alexander Hamilton
Wanted a strong federal government
Supported Britain
Thought rich, educated people should lead the nation
Wanted to encourage manufacturing and trade
favored banking and shipping interests
Alexander Hamilton
The Federalist Party wanted a __________ government and supported ___________.
weak
France
strong
Britain

8. Chapter 8 Section 3 - Early Challenges
The First Political Parties
By 1796, Americans began to take opposing sides on issues. Two political parties emerged from the debates.
Republicans (Democratic-Republicans)
Led by Thomas Jefferson
Wanted strong state government
Support for France
Thought ordinary people should have political power
Wanted strong farming
Supported strict interpretation of the Constitutiion
Britain
federal
The Republican Party wanted a strong _______ government and supported ___________.
state
France

9. Practice Reading a Chart
Directions: Answer the following questions using the chart above.
Federalists
Which party supported Britain? _______________
Republicans
federal
state
The Federalists supported a strong _________ government.
This party wanted the government to be ruled by the wealthy class. ___________
Federalists
rich
Republicans
Republicans wanted the government to be run by __________ people.
ordinary

10. Chapter 8 Quiz Benjamin Franklin
Who was the first president? ________________
George Washington
legal issues
The Department of War is responsible for the country's _____________.
defense
The Republican Party wanted a strong _______ government and supported ___________.
federal
Britain
state
France
business
The Bill of Rights protects _____________ liberties.
individual
weak
The Federalist Party wanted a __________ government and supported ___________.
strong
Britain
France

11. This system had 13 district courts and 3 circuit courts.
Judiciary Act of 1789
With the Judiciary Act of 1789, Congress created a federal court system.
This system had 13 district courts and 3 circuit courts.
The federal courts could reverse the decisions of state courts.
The Supreme Court would be the final authority on many issues.
A chief justice was the head of the Supreme Court. The first chief justice was John Jay.
Supreme Court
President
Who is the head of the Supreme Court? ______________
Federal Courts
Chief Justice
State Courts
a federal court system
What id the Judiciary Act of 1789 create? ______________
a state court system