1. RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH

2. rights-based approach ( 2 ) Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters related to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes. adapted from FWCW Platform 94, 97; ICPD 7.2 Sexual health means having a responsible, satisfying, and safe sex life, that is free from disease, injury, violence, disability, unnecessary pain, or risk of death. expanded upon FWCW Platform 94; ICPD 7.2 rights-based approach Sexual and reproductive health

3. rights-based approach ( 3 ) Reproductive rights include the rights of couples and individuals to: Make free and informed decisions about their reproductive lives, including the number, timing, and spacing of their children Attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health Sexual rights include the rights of all individuals to: Make free and informed decisions on all matters relating to their sexuality Be free of discrimination, coercion, or violence in their sexual lives and decisions Expect and demand equality, full consent, mutual respect, and shared responsibility in sexual relationships adapted from the ICPD, ICPD+5 and FWCW documents Reproductive and sexual rights

4. rights-based approach ( 4 ) Gender, gender equality, and gender equity Gender socially defined roles and responsibilities of men and women, boys and girls Gender equality equal treatment of women and men Gender equity fairness and justice in the distribution of benefits and responsibilities between women and men Women’s health is directly related to their status in society.

5. rights-based approach ( 5 ) A rights-based approach to sexual and reproductive health The International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) affirmed that: Women and men have the right to the highest standards of sexual and reproductive health services and information, free from discrimination, coercion, and violence. The rights-based approach: Places the health and well being of individuals at the center of program policy design Recognizes the importance of gender equity and equality Builds on existing international human rights agreements

6. rights-based approach ( 6 ) Essential health services to ensure sexual and reproductive rights Information and counseling on human sexuality, reproductive health, and parenthood Family planning Prenatal/postnatal and delivery care Health care for infants If additional services such as diagnosis and treatment of reproductive system cancers and HIV/AIDS are not offered, a system should be in place to provide referrals to these services. Safe abortion, where not against the law Management of abortion- related complications Prevention and treatment of infertility Prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted infections and reproductive tract infections

7. rights-based approach ( 7 ) Client-centered, comprehensive care Client-centered care: Emphasizes free and informed consent and respect for clients’ rights and needs Involves clients in program design and evaluation Is provided by technically competent, compassionate, and well-supervised staff Integrates or links service components Ensures privacy and confidentiality in counseling and treatment for all clients, including adolescents Comprehensive care addresses the full range of sexual and reproductive health needs and provides referrals when appropriate.

8. rights-based approach ( 8 ) Governments can: Review all laws, policies, and practices, and change those that inhibit the full exercise of reproductive and sexual rights Enforce gender-sensitive laws and policies through active implementation and monitoring mechanisms Strengthen health infrastructures to make comprehensive services more widely available, and give priority to financing for sexual and reproductive health care How can governments protect and promote sexual and reproductive health and rights? rights-based approach ( 8 )

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