1. 2.1 Observable Properties of Matter
Ms. Wells, Science

2. Property Types
Physical: properties that can be observed without changing the IDENTITY of the matter
Chemical: property of a substance that changes it into a NEW substance (changes the identity of the substance)

3. Examples of Physical Properties
Volume, mass, color, texture, shape and density
Great example:
Stretching a rubber band may change its color and shape, but its still made of rubber and is still a rubber band!

4. More about Density
Density = amount of matter (mass) in a certain amount of space (volume)
Density is constant (does not change for one substance)
Different substances = different densities

5. U.S. Population Density

6. Calculating Density (D)
Formula: D = m / V
Mass (m) = kilograms (kg) or grams (g)
Volume (V) = cubic centimeters (cm3)
Sooo…. Units for density are g/ cm3
Said “grams per cubic centimeters”

7. The Clay Example: Density = Constant
You have a 200g piece of clay with volume of 100 cm3
V = 200g/100 cm3
V = 2 g/cm3
If you break it in half, you have 2 pieces of clay that are 100g and 50 cm3 each
V = 100g/50cm3
V = 2 g/cm3
SAME DENSITY!

8. Examples of Chemical Properties and Changes
Describe how substances form into new substances
Examples: rusting, combustibility (burning), tarnishing, sometimes cooking, etc.
Chemical REACTIONS = Chemical Changes

9. Physical Changes
Any change that does not change the actual substance itself
Changes in states of matter are physical (melting ice, etc.)
Other examples:
Breaking an object
Wool on a sheep
or a wool sweater
is still wool

10. Signs of a Chemical Change
Odor – new smell (rotting meat, burning smell)
Temperature change – log goes from wood to ash, feel the heat!
Color change – not always chemical, but often
New solids from liquids (called precipitates) – clams make shells by mixing seawater substances and substances in their bodies

11. Pictures of Chemical Changes
Precipitates forming (new solids from different liquid substances)

12. Pictures of Chemical Changes
Water and salt of
sweat reacts with oils
and substances on
your skin = body odor

14. THE END OF 2.1 Properties of Matter in Matter and Energy