1. REDUCTION OF EFFECT ON ENVIRONMENT IN THERMAL ENERGY SECTOR OF UZBEKISTAN WHILST SOLAR ENERGY UTILIZATION. A.I.Anarbaev CAPACT Project July 4-6, 2007, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 4/6/2007

2. Environment situation in Uzbekistan Legend: Good Normal Moderate Unsatisfactory Extremal

3. Structure of sale and consumption of thermal energy in Uzbekistan

4. Emissions of thermal energy enterprises Amount of pollutant matters of thermal energy enterprises is equal to more than 200 thousand tones according to data of state statistic report. Total reduction of emissions to atmosphere is explained by change of fuel balance to the side of portion reduction of fired oil-fuel and increase of gas portion. 50% of carbon dioxide creating greenhouse effect goes into the atmosphere with emissions of pollutants from thermal energy enterprises at firing of fuel. Quantity of formed emissions of carbon dioxide depends on consumption and content of carbon in working mass of fired fuel.

5. Problems municipal energy sector Dependant scheme of joining of the central heating loading under open scheme of water intake; Low efficiency of thermo generating equipment of small boiler compartments; Imperfect construction of heat-insulation of heat distribution networks; Intensive internal and external corrosion of pipe lines; Absence of thermal energy metering devices; Big thermal losses in buildings due to imperfectness of construction and construction materials; Number of organizational and economic problems, in particular: –Unreasonable low level of tariffs; –Insufficient level of payments collection; - Lack of financial resources.

6. Helio-field of “Vodnik” boiler compartment in Tashkent Boiler compartment with capacity of trap aggregates of 60 Gkal/h provides with central heating and hot water 98 apartment buildings, 66 municipal buildings and 4 plants ( 10 000 people)

7. Technological scheme of solar system of water heating for boiler compartments

8. Advantages of principal scheme of solar device of “Vodnik” boiler compartment Heating in solar water heaters of most cold matter, therefore, achievement of highest efficiency of solar energy use and longer length of working season; The scheme allows directing through solar system all consumption volume of additional water which decreases final temperature of helio- heating; Solar water heaters are protected from corrosion in non-deaerated water due to limbation of the scheme.

9. Remote control and management of geliosistem solar-fuel boiler Provides automatic management by using the required temperature at the outlet of geliotehniks part

10. Work and thermal efficiency of solar part of the boiler compartment Helio-system is implemented in type of helio- device to existing boiler compartment and serves for preliminary heating of additional water spent on needs of hot water supply, up to 25-35 0 С. Up-heating to required temperature (65-70 0 С) is implemented in traps, consuming gas According to the results of test exploitation from April to September at average temperature of helio-countour of 31-37 0 С of average daily efficiency of helio-device was equal to 0,45÷0,63.

11. IndicatorsSizeAmoun t Total area of collectorsm2m2 820 Generation of thermo per yearMWth900 Annual average figure of radiation kWth/m 2 1944 Specific production ability of sections kWth/m 2 1097,6 Annual decrease of gas consumption Thou- sand m 3 220 Substitution of fuel by helio- device %5-7 Exploitation characteristics of solar and fuel boiler compartment in “Vodnik”, 2003

12. Economic and environment indicators of boiler compartment “Vodnik”. IndicatorsSizeAmoun t Capital investmentsThousand EURO 192,73 Pay-back periodyears10-12 Pollution emission reductiontones2,4 Carbon dioxide emission reduction tones440 Area of helio-field of “Vodnik” boiler compartment with additional investments could be increased in 6 times and equal to 5 thousand m 2. Substitution coefficient would be equal to about 30% from general annual thermal loading of boiler compartment.

13. Development of water solar and fuel boiler compartments in Uzbekistan Object Parameter boiler compartment “Mashinostroitel naya-2”, Tashkent In village “Agalyk” of Samarkand line department of magistral gas pipe lines JSC “Uztransgaz” Set up capacity of boiler compartment 25 Kkal/h1,8 Gkal/h Year of coming into operation of the helio- field 2005 Area of the helio-field50 m 2 250 m 2

14. Solar collectors on roof of boiler compartment “Mashinostroitelnaya-2”