1. Cut off the top off an aluminum can. Exploration Warning: Be very careful not to cut yourself on the sharp edges of the can

2. Cut down the middle of the can then cut off the bottom Trim the jagged edges off Exploration

3. Bend the can in half Put a piece of tape along the open end Use a ruler to help crease the bend edge Exploration

4. Tape the Boiler pattern to one side of the can Cut along the solid lines Exploration

5. Fold the edges of the can along the dashed lines. Exploration

6. Carefully open one end –do not worry if one side is rounded or flat yet –that will come later Slide two “bendy” straws –long side into the pocket. Exploration

7. Now take a third bendy straw and carefully slide it on top of the other two straws –Short bendy side in this time Exploration

8. Tape this assembly to a stiff piece of cardboard Exploration

9. Carefully press the edges down This will make one side flat and the other side bent Exploration

10. We will mix some Epoxy glue to glue the edges down. Make sure that you cover the entire edges Set aside to cure until next class Exploration For homework construct the Bend Pattern

11. Pull out the straws and cut the short bendy side to a length of 1 ½” Exploration

12. Put an even coat of Epoxy around the short end of the bendy straw. Keep glue at least ¼” away from the bendy part Exploration

13. Slide the straws back into the boiler. Make sure that NO glue gets on the bendy part. Have the bendy part stick out about ¼” Carefully use leftover Epoxy to seal the end of the boiler Exploration

14. Pressure test your boiler Put into a cup of water and blow hard on the straws. If you see any bubbles, you must seal them with more Epoxy Exploration

15. Use the Bend Pattern to bend the straws to the desired angle Make sure that the flaps are pointing outward Tape in place Exploration

16. Caution: If there are any kinks in the bend, your boiler will not work and you will have to start over. Exploration Hot glue the bendy shape.

17. Trim the straw 4 inches away from the bend Exploration

18. Prime the motor and test your boiler If you do not hear a pop pop sound – you will need to start over. Exploration

19. Explanation The history of the steam engine stretches back as far as the first century AD; The first recorded steam engine was the aeolipile described by Greek mathematician Hero of Alexandria

20. Explanation A pop pop boat is powered by a very simple heat engine consisting of a small boiler connected to an exhaust tube. When heat is applied to the boiler, water in the boiler flashes into steam. The expanding steam pushes some of the water in the exhaust tube, propelling the boat forward. The steam bubble then condenses, creating a vacuum which draws water back in through the exhaust tube.