1. Introduction to the EnergyPLAN model Henrik Lund Aalborg University Denmark Aalborg University, September October 2005 PhD-course: Energy System Analysis I:

2. Content: Workshop aproach…!! Development aproach..!! n 1. (23 August): Introduction to studies made by the use of EnergyPLAN. Discussion of participants ideas of PhD projects and potential use of the model. n 2. (30 August): Details inside the model. How does it work? How are the modelling of specific components, units etc? Discussion of PhD-projects: Strengths and weakness of the model? –The period between 23 August and 5 September: Participants install the model and make familiar with the model and make som preliminary analyses. n 3. (6 September): Discussion of participants analyses. Results, problems, room for improvements of the model…!!! Etc..

3. www.plan.aau.dk/~lund n Download EnergyPLAN n Download documentation n Links to journal articles (results) n Links to research reports (Danish)

4. EnergyPLAN Model 6.0 Demands Fixed electricity Flexible electricity District Heating Capacities & Efficiencies CHP, Power plant, Heat Pump, Boiler Heat Storage RES Wind and PV Capacities (MW) Distribution Factor Solar Thermal and CSHP (TWh/year) Regulation Market prises Multiplication factor Addition factor Depend factor Marginal production Cost (Import, export) Stabilisation demands Distribution Data: Market PricesElectricityDistrict H.Wind Regulation strategy: 1. Meeting heat demand 2. Meeting both heat and electricity demand Electricity Market Strategy: Import/export optimisation Critical surplus production: reducing wind, replacing CHP with boiler or heat pump Electric heating and/or Bypass Results: (Annual, monthly and hour by hour values) Heat productions Electricity production Electricity import export Forced electricity surplus production Fuel consumption Payments from import/export CO2 emissions Share of RES Input Output SolarIndustrial CHPPhoto Voltaic Fuel Types of fuel CO2 emission factors Fuel prices

5. Energy System Wind Power Fuel Power Plant CHP unit CSHP unit Boiler DH-boiler Heat Pump Heat Storage Heat Demand Electricity Demand Import Export Transport Flexible Photo Voltaic Solar Thermal

6. Energy System 6.2 Wind Power Fuel Power Plant CHP unit CSHP unit Boiler DH-boiler Heat Pump Heat Storage Heat Demand Electricity Demand Import Export Transport Flexible Photo Voltaic Solar Thermal Electro- lyser Turbine Water Storage Pump Wave Energy

7. Overview n Initial calculations nFrom annual values to hour by hour nRES modifications nMarket price modifications nDH production nFlexible demand n Optimisation calculations nTechnical optimisation of regulation I, II, III or IV accordingly nEventual market optimisation nImprovements by use of Heat storage n NEW: Calculating electricity storage and electrolysers n Reducing critical excess production n Electrcity market modelling n Calculating resulting fuel and CO2 outputs

8. From annual values to hour by hour - Demands (elec. And district heating, eventual transport) - RES (wind and pv etc.) - Market prices - Fixed import/export

9. RES modifications

10. Market price modifications pi (DKK/MWh) = NPi * F + Pa + Fac depend * D trade

11. DH production q DHP = q i - q solar - q CSHP

12. Flexible demand

14. Overview n Initial calculations nFrom annual values to hour by hour nRES modifications nMarket price modifications nDH production nFlexible demand n Optimisation calculations nTechnical optimisation of regulation I, II, III or IV accordingly nEventual market optimisation nNEW: Calculating electrolysers nNEW: Calculating electricity storage nImprovements by use of Heat storage n Reducing critical excess production n Electrcity market modelling n Calculating resulting fuel and CO2 outputs

15. Regulation strategies n 1. Meeting heat demands n 2. Meeting both heat and electricity demands n 3. Like 2 BUT reduce CHP also when is needed for stabilisation reasons n 4. Like 1 BUT meeting triple tariff.

16. Limitations n Stabilisation share n Minimum CHP 3 level n Heat pump share of district heating production

17. Eventual market optimisation Marginal production costs compared to market prices define the production

18. Energy System 6.2 Wind Power Fuel Power Plant CHP unit CSHP unit Boiler DH-boiler Heat Pump Heat Storage Heat Demand Electricity Demand Import Export Transport Flexible Photo Voltaic Solar Thermal Electro- lyser Turbine Water Storage Pump Wave Energy

19. Electrolyser n Produce fuel in the case of critical excess production n Heat replace 1. boilers, 2. CHP and 3. heat pumps in the relevant DH-group. n Fuel is used to replace fuel consumption in CHP and boilers in the relevant DH-group.

20. Electricity storage n Fill storage when positive critical excess production n Empty storage to replace condensing power plant production n Iteration of storage content untill the content in the beginning of the year is the same as in the end.

21. Heat storage In two situations the storage can be loaded: n A: Increasing the use of HP in situations with electricity export. n B: Moving the electricity production from condensing plants, epp to CHP plants In two situations the storage can be unloaded: n C: Reducing the CHP production in situations with electricity export n D: Reducing the boiler production. B is secondary to A and D is secondary to C. The four loading and unloading cases are used in the following order: C-A-B-D.

22. Overview n Initial calculations nFrom annual values to hour by hour nRES modifications nMarket price modifications nDH production nFlexible demand n Optimisation calculations nTechnical optimisation of regulation I, II, III or IV accordingly nEventual market optimisation nNEW: Calculating electrolysers nNEW: Calculating electricity storage nImprovements by use of Heat storage n Reducing critical excess production n Electrcity market modelling n Calculating resulting fuel and CO2 outputs

23. Critical Excess production 1 Reducing wind production 2. Reducing CHP in gr. 2 replacing with boiler 3. Reducing CHP in gr. 3 replacing with boiler 4. Replacing boiler with electric heating in gr. 2 5. Replacing boiler with electric heating in gr. 3 6. Reducing PV production 7. Reducing power plant in combination with wind and PV production

24. Electricity Market modelling n 1. System prices n 2. Export bottleneck n 3. Both export and import bottlenecks

25. Resulting fuel and CO2 outputs

26. Results:

27. Introduction to the EnergyPLAN model Henrik Lund Aalborg University Denmark Aalborg University, September October 2005 PhD-course: Energy System Analysis I: