1. CLIMATE CHANGE – WASTE MINIMISATION IN THERMAL POWER GENERATION By Dr V S S BHASKARA MURTY Former Director & Advisor (Env Mgt) NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY COUNCIL CHENNAI January 20. 2012 NATIONAL POWER TRAINING INSTITIUTE, NAGPUR 1

2. V.S.S.Bhaskara Murty M.Tech (Chem Engg) Former Director & Advisor (Env Mgt) Ambedkar Institute of Productivity National Productivity Council, Chennai Advanced Training in Environmental Protection at W Germany Pedagogic Training at AIT, Bangkok Environmental Audit and ISO14000 More than 35 Years experience in consultancy and Man Power Training 2

3. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PRINCIPLE VSSB Law of Thermodynamics …… ENERGY NEITHER CAN BE CREATED NOR CAN BE DESTROYED. IT CHANGES FROM ONE FORM TO OTHER.. Law of Environmental protection …… POLLUTION CAN BE CREATED BUT CANNOT BE DESTROYED. POLLUTION CONTROL AT ONE PART ENVIRONMENT MAY CREATE POLLUTION AT ANOTHER PART OF ENVIRONMENT. 3

4. Product Natural Resources Air Emissions Land Discharges Industrial Process Air Water 4

5. THERMAL POWER GENERATION 5

6. MATERIAL BALANCE 6

7. COAL QUALITY – INDIAN & USA 7

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10. Supercritical Pressure Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant 10

11. SO 2 – Dry Scrubbing Flow Diagram of CFBC Boiler 11

12. SO 2 – Wet Scrubbing 12

13. Super Thermal Power Station – Franken AG, Nürnberg, Germany Boiler Capacity:2 x 200 MW Flue Gas Volume:15,00,000 M 3 /hr Sulfur Dioxide at Inlet:2,000 – 2,500 mg/M 3 Sulfur Dioxide at Outlet:< 200 mg/M 3 Sulfur Dioxide Removal  90 % Lime Stone Consumption:3,500 kg/hr Gypsum Production:5,800 kg/hr 13

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15. VOLKLINGEN POWER STATION, GERMANY 15

16. Clean Flue Gases Flue Gas Desulfuri - sation Unit Atmospheric Air Flue Gases from ESP Lime Gypsum 100 m 16

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18. SCR Reactor Heater Steam SO 2 Converter Clean Gas Air Sulfuric Acid Combustion Air Cooling Water Acid Condenser Acid Recycle Vessel WSA Condenser Flue Gas Bag Filter Air Fuel Start up Burner Heat Exchanger Mixer Air NH 3 Fly Ash 2 NO + 2 NH 3 + ½ O 2 2 N 2 + 3 H 2 O 2 SO 2 + O 2 SO 3 SO 3 + H 2 O H 2 SO 4 18

19. SNOX Process – Data (Vendsysselvaerket Power Station, Northern Jutland, Denmark) Boiler Capactiy:300 MW Flue Gas Volume:9,00,000 M 3 /hr Coal/Oil Sulfur Content:0.5% to 2.5% Desulfurisation Efficiency:95% DeNOx:90% Clean Gas Particulate Matter Concentration:<1 mg/M 3 Ammonia Consumption:0.4 T/hr H2SO4 (95%) Production:5.2 T/hr 19

20. WASTE MINIMISATION 20

21. THANK YOU Bhasakara Murty vssby@yahoo.com 21

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