4. “If I have seen farther then most it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants”- Newton

7. Sky watcher Venus The Moon

8. As Recorded by Modern Astronomers As recorded by Ptolemy As Recorded by Mayan Astronomers Lunar Month23.5309 days29.5337 days29.5306 days Period of Venus583.93 days583.9427 days583.9027 days Period Of Mars779.94 days774.25 days780 days Solar Year365.24198 days364.24667 days364.242 days

9. Dressden Codex

11. Mayan Time

14.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2P7MaGC yuwk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2P7MaGC yuwk  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5V5l4iFec 88&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5V5l4iFec 88&feature=related  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6fv8q83J E8&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6fv8q83J E8&feature=related

16.  The sun is like fire and the moon like water. The fire gives out light and the water reflects it. Thus the moon's brightness is produced from the radiance of the sun, and the moon's darkness (pho) is due to (the light of) the sun being obstructed (pi). The side which faces the sun is fully lit, and the side which is away from it is dark. The planets (as well as the moon) have the nature of water and reflect light. The light pouring forth from the sun  If they were like balls they would surely obstruct each other when they met. I replied that these celestial bodies were certainly like balls. How do we know this? By the waxing and waning of the moon. The moon itself gives forth no light, but is like a ball of silver; the light is the light of the sun (reflected). When the brightness is first seen, the sun (-light passes almost) alongside, so the side only is illuminated and looks like a crescent. When the sun gradually gets further away, the light shines slanting, and the moon is full, round like a bullet. If half of a sphere is covered with (white) powder and looked at from the side, the covered part will look like a crescent; if looked at from the front, it will appear round. Thus we know that the celestial bodies are spherical.

17.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eE8QkBly f5k&feature=watch_response http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eE8QkBly f5k&feature=watch_response

18.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEwgjHq 1CM0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEwgjHq 1CM0