Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
A. S. Wylie, Jr. and J. R. Wood Michigan Technological University
Permeability and Porosity Imaging of a Niagaran Reef Permeability [md] 30 A. S. Wylie, Jr. and J. R. Wood Michigan Technological University
2
Niagaran Reef Trend Field Location
Belle River Mills Gill (1977)
3
Niagaran Reef – Generalized Facies
Salina Evaporite and Carbonate Units Enclose Reefs STROMATOLITE MAP (next) BOUNDSTONE REEF CONGLOMERATE WACKESTONE 500 ft VE 2X Time Surface ? Debatable 500 ft after Gill (1977)
4
Belle River Mills Structure Map Top Reef
XSEC N Belle River Mills Structure Map Top Reef 10 11 Maximum height 400 ft above Non-reef Brown Niagaran Deviated well -1900 14 -1600 Cored Well (34 total) 0.5 mile CI: 50 ft Reef Well Reef Rubble Well
5
Niagaran Stratigraphy Belle River Mills –Rock Types
MAP (previous) Rock Type Color Codes Gill (1977)
6
Core – Porosity & Permeability
(all samples in Reef by Rock Type) Avg-11 md (761) [13, ] Avg-10.7% (761) 35 100 Avg-260 md (2259) [416, ] Avg-10.7% (2259) 35 100 Avg-79 md (1824) [231, ] Avg-9.4% (1824) 35 100 Avg-48 md (177) [22, ] Gill (1977) Avg-9.9 (177) Number of samples (###) 35 100
7
Core Phi vs. Perm – By Rock Type
STROMATOLITE n=1824 WACKESTONE n=761 Permeability (md) CONGLOMERATE BOUND STONE n=177 Porosity (%) n=2259
8
Visualization Orientation – 2D and 3D example views
Vertical Exaggeration (VE) – 1X to 10X
9
Visualization Animation Example – Permeability 25 – 30+ millidarcies
Stromatolite Wackestone non-reef Niagaran Boundstone Conglomerate cored interval VE 10X
10
Reef Permeability Cumulative Percent – all samples
30 md (70%) > 30 md RESET to 30 md Percent 4980 samples Core Permeability (millidarcies)
11
Reef Permeability – By Rock Type
30 md (70%) > 30 md RESET to 30 md Percent 4980 samples Core Permeability (millidarcies)
12
Permeability Distribution red voxels are 27 – 30+ millidarcies
VE 10X Many other methods for modeling permeability
13
Log Curve Amplitude Slicing - Review
WEST EAST Any regularly sampled data from boreholes SLICES Top Reef (e.g. Log or Core curve data) One or more correlative, bounding time-surfaces 250 ft Base Reef, Time-surface (?) 0.5
14
Niagaran Core – One Permeability Slice
31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up md Belle River Mills Reef Limit 23672 (log scale) 23672 PERM CURVE Zero Perm Boundary SLICE 175 N Contour Interval 4 millidarcies 1 mile Well/Core Control Point
15
Niagaran Core Permeability Animation
31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up md Belle River Mills Reef Limit 23672 (log scale) N Contour Interval 4 millidarcies 1 mile Well/Core Control Point
16
Reef Porosity – By Rock Type Cumulative Percent
Core Porosity (%) 4980 samples
17
Niagaran Core – One Porosity Slice
31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up PHI % Belle River Mills Reef Limit 23672 23672 PHI CURVE SLICE 175 Zero Phi Boundary Contour Interval 4% porosity N 1 mile Well/Core Control Point
18
Niagaran Core Porosity Animation
31 Wells Slicing Bottom Up PHI % Belle River Mills Reef Limit 23672 Contour Interval 4% porosity N 1 mile Well/Core Control Point
19
Key Trends – Core Perm, Core Phi & GR
Core Permeability Core Porosity Gamma Ray Slice 324 Uppermost BOUNDSTONE more control wells Slice 145 WACKESTONE
20
What can we do with these models ?
21
2D and 3D Visualization aids interpretation of Permeability and Porosity Trends in the Reef
( 25+ md ) VE 10X Better targeting analysis for vertical and horizontal wells
22
Perforated Intervals versus Permeability 20 - 30+ md
10X Perforated interval (original) Improved completions, secondary, and tertiary projects
23
Best Storage versus Best Deliverability
BEST POROSITY BEST PERMEABILITY ( > 13% ) ( 25+ md ) Perforated interval VE10X Best Storage versus Best Deliverability
24
Storage and Deliverability vs. Rock Type
BEST POROSITY BEST PERMEABILITY ( > 13% ) ( 25+ md ) Rock Types VE10X Storage and Deliverability vs. Rock Type
25
Results/Conclusions Location of best porosity (storage capacity) and best permeability (deliverability) does not always coincide in the reservoir (reef) Existing well data used to model reservoir porosity and permeability distribution Methodology uses affordable software
Similar presentations
![Area Between Two Curves 7.1. Area Formula If f and g are continuous functions on the interval [a, b], and if f(x) > g(x) for all x in [a, b], then the.](/19/5716150/big_thumb.jpg "Area Between Two Curves 7.1. Area Formula If f and g are continuous functions on the interval [a, b], and if f(x) > g(x) for all x in [a, b], then the.>")
