1. Steve Krebs, Bob Arndorfer, and Jed Peters – DTSD-Bureau of Technical Services April 29, 2013

2.  Literature Review  Current Design Practices  Pavement Performance Observations  Full Depth Shoulder (FDS) Construction and Cost Considerations  FDS Life Cycle and Benefit-Cost Analyses  Benefits  Recommendations/Implementation Costs 2

3.  Design Standards  1990 FHWA Advisory  Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide  Wisconsin Highway Research Program (WHRP) Report  FDS Benefits  Construction Maintenance of Traffic  Incidents/Events  Emergency Evacuations  Other State Practices 3

4.  Geometry  Thickness 4

5.  Pavement Distress  NE Region  SE Region  NW Region  Preventative Measures 5

6.  10 Projects Analyzed  8 Concrete Mainline  2 HMA Mainline  As-built and Estimated FDS Costs 6

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10.  Concrete Mainline Projects  As-built average (avg) cost: $182,920/mile  FDS HMA avg cost: $346,430/mile  FDS concrete avg cost: $265,000/mile  HMA Mainline Projects  As-built average (avg) cost: $123,320/mile  FDS HMA avg cost: $171,600/mile 10

11.  Costs/Impacts not Considered  Maintenance Schedules  Conventional  FDS  Time Value of Money 11

12.  Concrete Mainline Projects  As-built avg net present value (NPV) life-cycle 50 year cost: $276,720/mile  FDS HMA avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $428,310/mile  FDS concrete avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $345,140/mile  HMA Mainline Projects  As-built avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $198,050/mile  FDS HMA avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $243,210/mile * NPV calculated with 3.5% discount rate 12

13. 13 SplitAxisLCCA Cash Flow Split Axis LCCA Cash Flow

14.  LCCA vs BCA  Dissimilar Alternative: User Delay  Conventional Shoulder User Delay NPV = $146,830/mile 14

15.  Concrete Mainline Projects  As-built avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost: $423,550/mile  FDS HMA avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $428,310/mile  FDS concrete avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $345,140/mile  HMA Mainline Projects  As-built avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $344,880/mile  FDS HMA avg NPV life-cycle 50 year cost : $243,210/mile * NPV calculated with 3.5% discount rate 15

16.  Non-Denominated  IH-43  IH-94  Denominated  IH-39 – Shoulder Replacement  IH-94 – Shoulder Widening  USH 41 – Shoulder Widening 16

17.  Estimated As-Built Construction Cost/Mile  $151,570/mile (1984 Dollars)  $337,550/mile (2012 Dollars)  Estimated 10” FDS Construction Cost/Mile  $190,840/mile (1984 Dollars)  $425,010/mile (2012 Dollars)  LCCA Costs  As-built NPV = $456,110/mile  FDS NPV = $535,720/mile  2012 Project - 8” Shoulders Let Cost/Mile  $333,850/mile 17

18.  Adjusted LCCA Costs  As-built NPV = $515,000/mile  FDS NPV = $467,540/mile 18

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22.  Actual Widening Cost = $7.28 Million  Estimated Widening Cost with Incorporation of FDS = $5.17 Million  Cost Savings of $272,000/mile 22

23.  Actual Widening Cost = $3.99 Million  Estimated Widening Cost with Incorporation of FDS = $3.07 Million  Cost Savings of $178,000/mile 23

24.  Selective Application of FDS  High Volume Arterial Corridors  Mass Evacuation Routes  Incorporate FDS (Existing and Future) into Emergency Planning 24

25. 25 Volumes Estimated For Highest Direction in 30 th Highest Hour in 2013

26.  Average Outside FDS Cost: $248,575/mile  Average Inside FDS Cost: $165,480/mile  HMA Conventional Shoulder to Concrete FDS  Outside shoulder only: additional $108,100/mile  Both shoulders: additional $164,000/mile  Concrete Conventional Shoulder to Concrete FDS  Outside shoulder only: savings of $28,800/mile  Both shoulders: savings of $41,500/mile 26

27.  Southeast  N-S and Zoo Freeways  Southwest  IH-39 Corridor Reconstruction  Northeast  USH 41 (Winnebago and Brown Counties) 27

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