1. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 2013 TAUD Utility Technology Conference Frequently Asked Questions in Leak detection, Distribution System Testing and Water Audits Paul V. Johnson, P.E. Water Systems Optimization

2. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection Which of the following can interfere with sonic leak detection? A. Pump Stations B. Electrical Transformers C. Pressure reducing valves D. Old VW Buses E. All of the above

3. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection Which of the following can interfere with sonic leak detection? E. All of the above

4. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: There are some systems where all leaks come to the surface.

5. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: There are some systems where all leaks come to the surface. False

6. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: If you dig down to the top of the pipe without finding water, there is no leak possible at that location.

7. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: If you dig down to the top of the pipe without finding water, there is no leak possible at that location. False

8. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Opening a fire hydrant too quickly can cause a water hammer that can break a water main.

9. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Opening a fire hydrant too quickly can cause a water hammer that can break a water main. False

10. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Closing a valve too quickly can cause a water hammer that can break a water main.

11. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Closing a valve too quickly can cause a water hammer that can break a water main. True

12. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Valves and fire Hydrants will not break if they are operated properly.

13. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Valves and fire Hydrants will not break if they are operated properly. False

14. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection Which of the following can cause a missed correlation when using a leak correlator? A. Consumption B. Wrong Size of pipe C. Wrong pipe material D. All of the above

15. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection Which of the following can cause a missed correlation when using a leak correlator? D. All of the above

16. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection Why should you always work past a leak until there is no noise when using a ground mic? A. May be more than 1 leak B. Bends and T’s give false indications C. Old patches give false indications D. All of the above

17. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection Why should you always work past a leak until there is no noise when using a ground mic? D. All of the above

18. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Leaks sometimes make enough noise that they can be heard without using any amplifying equipment

19. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Leaks sometimes make enough noise that they can be heard without using any amplifying equipment True

20. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Water under pressure, coming out of a pipe at leak, can cut through steel (skin, bones, fingers).

21. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Water under pressure, coming out of a pipe at leak, can cut through steel (skin, bones, fingers). True

22. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Most valves (12-inch and smaller) are 2 or 3 turns per inch to close plus 3 turns to seat the gate.

23. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Most valves (12-inch and smaller) are 2 or 3 turns per inch to close plus 3 turns to seat the gate. True

24. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Normally, valves that close in a clock-wise direction, are called right-handed valves

25. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Leak Detection True or False: Normally, valves that close in a clock-wise direction, are called right-handed valves True

26. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: Fire Flow tests can be run using just one (1) fire hydrant.

27. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: Fire Flow tests can be run using just one (1) fire hydrant. False

28. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: One 12-inch water main can carry approximately 4 times as much water as a 6-inch main.

29. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: One 12-inch water main can carry approximately 4 times as much water as a 6-inch main. True

30. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: When testing water meters, meter pits do not need to be tested for gas because gas cannot build up in a water meter pit.

31. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: When testing water meters, meter pits do not need to be tested for gas because gas cannot build up in a water meter pit. False

32. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing Loss of Head Tests can measure a mains “C” value to the nearest: A. 0.02 B. 0.2 C. 2.0 D. 20.0

33. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing Loss of Head Tests can measure a mains “C” value to the nearest: C. 2.0

34. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing A “C” value of less than 60 would normally be found on A. Cement lined cast iron pipe B. Unlined cast iron pipe C. Plastic pipe D. Ductile iron pipe

35. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing A “C” value of less than 60 would normally be found on B. Unlined cast iron pipe

36. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing For two adjacent fire hydrants, one at the top of a hill and one at the bottom of a hill, which one will have the highest “Water Level” (pressure plus elevation) under “no flow” conditions?

37. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing For two adjacent fire hydrants, one at the top of a hill and one at the bottom of a hill, which one will have the highest “Water Level” (pressure plus elevation) under “no flow” conditions? Both will be the same

38. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing If you are operating valves for a system test and you find a valve closed that should not be closed, you should A. Leave it closed B. Open it immediately C. Flush the main while opening the valve

39. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing If you are operating valves for a system test and you find a valve closed that should not be closed, you should C. Flush the main while opening the valve

40. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: When checking pressure on a fire hydrant, never stand in front of a hydrant cap.

41. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: When checking pressure on a fire hydrant, never stand in front of a hydrant cap. True

42. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: When running a pump efficiency test, the highest Total Dynamic Head is located at the shutoff point for the pump.

43. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: When running a pump efficiency test, the highest Total Dynamic Head is located at the shutoff point for the pump. True (?)

44. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: Pumps can never be run against a closed valve without causing damage to the pump.

45. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing True or False: Pumps can never be run against a closed valve without causing damage to the pump. False

46. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing Which 40 foot high standpipe would have the highest pressure at the bottom of the standpipe?: A. A 10-foot diameter standpipe B. A 20-foot diameter Standpipe C. A 40-foot diameter Standpipe

47. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing Which 40 foot high standpipe would have the highest pressure at the bottom of the standpipe?: Trick Question – They all would have the same pressure at the bottom of the Standpipe

48. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing Where is, normally, the best loca- tion for an elevated Storage tank? A. Close to the wtp/pump station B. As far from the wtp/pump station as possible C. At the low point in the distribution system

49. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Distribution System Testing Where is, normally, the best loca- tion for an elevated Storage tank? B. As far from the wtp/pump station as possible B. As far from the wtp/pump station as possible

50. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits True or False: One of the fastest ways to improve the “validity score” for a Water Audit is to properly test the production meters.

51. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits True or False: One of the fastest ways to improve the “validity score” for a Water Audit is to properly test the production meters. True

52. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits True or False: No estimated data should ever be used in a Water Audit

53. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits True or False: No estimated data should ever be used in a Water Audit False

54. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits Which of the following are important to know in designing a plan of intervention to reduce water loss? A. Infrastructure Leakage Index B. Real Losses vs Apparent Losses C. Economic Level of Loss D. All of the above

55. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits Which of the following are important to know in designing a plan of intervention to reduce water loss? D. All of the above

56. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits A very inexpensive Water Source will impact A. ILI B. Non-Revenue Water C. Economic Level of Loss D. All of the above

57. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits A very inexpensive Water Source will impact C. Economic Level of loss

58. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits Source meters should be tested for accuracy A. Every Six months B. Once a year C. Once every two years

59. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits Source meters should be tested for accuracy B. Once a year

60. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits True or False: A very abundant and inexpensive source of water can reduce the value of Real Losses

61. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits True or False: A very abundant and inexpensive source of water can reduce the value of Real Losses True

62. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits A consumer with large day flows and low night flows should be metered using a A. Turbo Meter B. Compound meter C. Venturi meter

63. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits A consumer with large day flows and low night flows should be metered using a B. Compound Meter

64. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Paul V. Johnson, P.E. Water Systems Optimization paul.johnson@wso.us 615-457-3790

65. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits

66. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits

67. © Water Systems Optimization, Inc. 2004 Water Audits