1. Guided Inquiry The following charts and diagrams have been sourced from and should be viewed in conjunction with: Dr Carol Kuhlthau’sDr Carol Kuhlthau’s text – “Guided Inquiry – Learning in the 21 st century” See also the “Guided Inquiry” website“Guided Inquiry” website

2. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Inquiry vs Guided Inquiry Guided Inquiry is not…..Guided Inquiry is…. Preparation solely for the testPreparation for lifelong learning An add-on subjectIntegrated into content areas Isolated information skillsTransferable information concepts Relying on one textbookUsing a variety of sources Finding answers to a prescribed questionStudent involvement from planning to final product Curriculum without connection to studentsCurriculum connected to student’s world Individual students working exclusively on solitary tasks A community of learners working together Solely teacher directedStudents and teachers collaborating Overemphasis on the end productEmphasis on the process and product Source: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.6.

3. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 The 6 principles of Guided Inquiry 1. Children learn by being actively engaged in and reflecting on an experience 2. Children learn by building on what they already know 3. Children develop higher order thinking through guidance at critical points in the learning process (interventions) 4. Children have different ways and modes of learning 5. Children learn through social interaction with others 6. Children learn through instruction and experience in accord with their cognitive development Source: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21 st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.25

4. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Questions for the Guided Inquiry process Source: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21 st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.4.

5. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 5 kinds of learning in the Inquiry Process Curriculum content Thinking Fact finding, interpreting, synthesising Information literacy Concepts for locating evaluating and using Learning how to learn Initiating, selecting, exploring, focusing, collecting & presenting Literacy Reading, writing, speaking, listening Social skills Interacting, cooperating, collaborating Adapted from: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.9.

6. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Reflecting on the research process Dewey’s phases of reflective thinking Facts, data & information arouse ideas that enable learner to make inferences which lead to deeper understanding Process of Creating understanding Suggestion Doubt due to incomplete situation doubt & uncertainty joy & confidence Intellectualisation Conceptualising the problem Guiding idea (hypothesis) Tentative interpretation Reasoning Interpretation with more precise facts Action Idea tested by overt or imaginative action Adapted from: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.15.

7. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Information Search Process (Kuhlthau) Source: http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~kuhlthau/information_search_process.htmhttp://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~kuhlthau/information_search_process.htm InitiationSelectionExplorationFormulationCollectionPresentationAssessment FEELINGS (Affective) Uncertainty Optimism Confusion Frustration Doubt Clarity Sense of Direction Confidence Satisfaction or Disappointment Sense of accomplishment THOUGHTS (Cognitive) vague focused increased interest Increased self- awareness ACTIONS (Physical) seeking relevant Exploring information seeking pertinent Documenting information

8. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Intervention strategies C ollaborate Work jointly with others C onverse Talk about ideas for clarity and further questions C ontinue Develop understanding over a period of time C hoose Select what is interesting and pertinent C hart Visualise ideas using pictures, timelines & graphic organisers C ompose Write all along the way, not just at end; keep journals Adapted from: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.141. The 6 C s

9. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Intervention Questions for Basic Inquiry Abilities Recall Remember what stands out in your mind What surprises you? What did you find interesting? Summarise Select ideas and place them in meaningful sequence What do you think is important? What comes at the beginning, middle and end? Paraphrase Tell it in your own words What is interesting and new? Tell about what you have learnt. Extend Form new understandings and raise new questions How does it relate to something else you have read, seen or done? What else would you like to know? Adapted from: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.136.

10. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Guided Inquiry Implementation Inhibitors  Lack of time  Confusion about roles  Poorly designed assignments Enablers  Constructivist view of learning  Team approach to teaching  Competence in designing process assignments  Commitment to developing information literacy Adapted from: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.51-2.

11. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 The Guided Inquiry Team  Understands the constructivist approach  Embraces the team approach to teaching  Includes administrators  Considers inquiry central to curricular learning  Commits to developing information literacy  Allocates time for team planning  Defines clear roles for each team member  Designs assignments that enable and enhance inquiry learning  Allocates time for extended learning  Commits to guiding students through learning  Adopts a flexible approach Source: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21 st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.60.

12. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Roles of the teacher librarian Resource specialist  Develops school library resources  Provides Internet resources  Provides contact with community resources Information literacy teacher  Teaches concepts for information access, evaluation and use  Maintains long-term relationship with students as they progress through year levels  Fosters constructivist learning environment Collaboration gatekeeper  Coordinates Guided Inquiry team  Keeps communication open  Uses flexible managerial skills  Communicates with community Adapted from: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.57.

13. DECS Curriculum Services, Numeracy And Sciences Portfolio – including Senior Secondary Reform. 2009 Types of portfolio evidence for Guided Inquiry KINDS OF LEARNINGEVIDENCE Information Literacy Flowchart Search log Journal Observation notes Conference records Survey results (SLIM) Understanding learning process Timeline Journal Conference records Survey results (SLIM) Content area learning Journal Conference records Excerpt from final product Short pieces of writing Survey results (SLIM) Literacy skills Conference records Journal Short pieces of writing Final product/presentation Survey results (SLIM) Social skills Observation notes Journal Self-report from student Report from peer Source: Kuhlthau, Maniotes, Caspari (2007). Guided Inquiry – learning in the 21 st century. Libraries Unlimited. Westport, Connecticut. p.122-123.