1. Improvement of the Capacity of Drinking Water Treatment Plant in East Quantara (Case Study) Dr. Eng. Ibrahim Khaled El-Sayed Chairman 1North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater North & South Sinai Company for Water and Wastewater ( NSSCWW )

2. Introduction 2North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater The River Nile is Egypt’s main water resource and the country enjoys a fixed share of the river flow But population increases and economic growth couples with limited water resources Thus Egypt, like many other Arabic countries, is facing a problem of water scarcity So, we must control excessive usage and reduce losses of potable water and optimize the utilization of treated wastewater

3. Considered Plant 3North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater The considered plant has been constructed in East Quantara on the east side of Suez Canal to serve North Sinai, Egypt It started the actual production on 1996 The required electrical power for the plant is supplied from the local electrical power network The raw water is supplied from Nile River, Ismailia Canal on the west side of the Suez Canal

4. Considered Plant 4North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater

5. 5 The plant consists of the following main systems : 1.Intake and Raw Water Pump Station : Considered Plant

6. 6North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 2.Distribution Shaft & Flash Mixing : Considered Plant

7. 7North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 3.Settling Tanks : Considered Plant

8. 8North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 4.Filter House : Considered Plant

9. 9North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 5.Treated Water Ground Reservoir : Considered Plant

10. 10North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 6.Chemical House 7.Sludge Pump Station Considered Plant

11. 11North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 8.Treated Water Pump Station : Considered Plant

12. 12North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater Plant Layout

13. Considered Plant 13North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater Google Earth

14. Treatment Stages 14North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 1.Pre-Chlorination : – Dosage dose of the chlorine in the form of chlorine water solution is dosed according to the raw water quality 2.Coagulation - Flocculation : – The solution of the aluminium sulphate is to be dosed into the raw water according to its quality and the JAR test result. The solution is dosed into the flash mixing shaft, fitted with a paddle stirrer – Flocculation is realized on the mechanical principle with paddle stirrers

15. Treatment Stages 15North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 3.Longitudinal settling tanks – This is the first separating stage 4.Gravitational quick filtration : – This is the second separating stage 5.Post-Chlorination : – The post-chlorination dose value shall be according to residual chlorine content in filtered water – The dosing point is into common outlet of filtered water

16. 16North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater Capacity Improvement

17. Capacity Improvement 17North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 1.Raw Water Intake & Pump Station : – Maintenance of the intake and installing new screens – Maintenance and washing of the outlet pipeline – Installing new GRP outlet pipeline DN 1000 from the station to the siphons with a length of 1.5 km – Replacing the pumps with higher outlet flow rates pumps (from 330 lit/sec each to 550 lit/sec)

18. Capacity Improvement 18North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 2.Clarifiers : – Maintenance of the two inlet pipelines – Maintenance of the sedimentation tanks – Replacing the PVC perforated wall between the flocculation and sedimentation tanks with a concrete wall – Installing new electrically-drived valves for the sludge of the sedimentation tank

19. Capacity Improvement 19North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 2.Clarifiers : – Installing tube settlers in the end of each tank

20. Tube Settlers 20North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater  The tube settlers provide a series of inclined surfaces for suspended particles to rapidly collect and settle upon while the clarified effluent flows out of the tank and on to the next stage of the treatment process  When the collected particles become heavy enough, they fall from the tube modules and descend to the bottom of the clarifier  In addition to enhancing laminar flow conditions, the inclined surfaces of the tubes reduce the distance that particles need to travel before settling  This rapid settling effect maximizes the effective surface area for settling, thereby minimizing clarifier footprint

21. Tube Settlers 21North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater

22. Capacity Improvement 22North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 2.Clarifiers : – Installing new pipeline from the clarifiers to the filters

23. Capacity Improvement 23North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 3.Filters : – Installing new fully automatic-controlled control panels with PLCs – Installing new central PLC with HMI to monitor all the filters – Installing new electrically-driven valves for all filters – Installing new flow meters and level meters -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- After all the previous improvements, the plant productivity increases from 80,000 to 140 m 3 /day

24. Economical Analysis 24North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 1. Power Consumption Cost  Power Consumption Cost = 0.17 LE/m 3 2. Chemical Cost  Chemical Cost = 0.055 LE/m 3 3. Maintenance & Repairs Cost  Maintenance Cost = 0.045 LE/m 3 4. Labour & Administration Cost  Labour Cost = 0.05 LE/m 3

25. Economical Analysis 25North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater 5. Capital Cost  Capital Cost = 0.45 LE/m 3 Without Tube Settlers Capital Cost = 300,000,000 LE Product = 100,000 m 3 /day Working Days = 330 days/year Expected Life Time = 20 years Using Tube Settlers Capital Cost = 300,000,000 LE Tube Settlers = 6,000,000 LE Product = 140,000 m 3 /day Working Days = 330 days/year Expected Life Time = 20 years  Capital Cost = 0.33 LE/m 3

26. Economical Analysis 26North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater Total Cost per One Cubic Meter  Total Cost without Tube Settlers = 0.77 LE/m 3 of treated water  Total Cost with Tube Settlers = 0.65 LE/m 3 of treated water  By using Tube Settlers, the total cost decreased by 16%.

27. Conclusions 27North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater The following conclusions are obtained based on one year of operation : 1.The plant is very sensitive to turbidity. Any increase of turbidity requires more chemical treatment 2.The main design of the plant is suitable to be improved in order to increase the plant final capacity 3.After using tube settlers, the total cost of one cubic meter of treated water has been decreased by 16%

28. THANK YOU THANK YOU 28North & South Sinai Company for Water & Wastewater