1. Berkeley Delay/Disruption-Tolerant Networking Architecture & Applications Kevin Fall w/help from A. Maffei Intel Research, Berkeley & WHOI kfall@intel.com http://WWW.DTNRG.ORG

2. Berkeley 2 Oceanographic Scenario [A. Maffei/WHOI] Imagine you are an oceanographer interested in undersea earthquakes. You have deployed instrument clusters of acoustic, chemical, seismic, etc. sensors with acoustic modems attached to them. Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) gather data from the instruments on a regular basis. Sometimes you make special requests to gather data from specific instruments, for example after an underwater earthquake occurs.

3. Berkeley 3 Scientist Interactions with Instrument Platforms As an oceanographer you don’t concern yourself about which data communications assets are used to deliver commands to instruments or how data is delivered back to you. For example, a dtn_file_copy or dtn_traceroute command might be issued from your workstation command line indicating a DTN region and an oceanographic instrument name inside that region. The command might complete 3 weeks later when email arrives telling you that the data has arrived or displaying a report showing the communications path and sample round-trip latency to the instrument(s) you are interested in.

4. Berkeley 4 Potential Oceanographic DTN Regions First the platforms of interest

5. Berkeley 5 Platforms NASA – AVIRIS REMUS AUV SLOCUM GLIDER CODAR BUOY R/V ENDEAVOR ORBCOMM LEO

6. Berkeley 6 ISLAND AUV INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS DIESEL PWR’D BUOY SOLAR BUOY INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT

7. Berkeley 7 Potential Oceanographic DTN Regions First the platforms of interest Next some Oceanographic DTN regions that could be developed.

8. Berkeley 8 ISLAND AUV INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS DIESEL PWR’D BUOY SOLAR BUOY INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Oceanographic DTN Regions

9. Berkeley 9 INTERNET ISLAND AUV INSTRUMENT INTERNET INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS DIESEL PWR’D BUOY SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Oceanographic DTN Regions Global Internet Region

10. Berkeley 10 INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INSTRUMENT INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Oceanographic DTN Regions Global Internet Region Underwater Acoustic Modem Region

11. Berkeley 11 Ship of Opportunity INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INSTRUMENT INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Oceanographic DTN Regions Global Internet Region Underwater Acoustic Modem Region Ship/Buoy/Port SWAP Region

12. Berkeley 12 Ship of Opportunity INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Oceanographic DTN Regions Global Internet Region Underwater Acoustic Modem Region Ship/Buoy/Port SWAP Region Oceanographic Iridium Region

13. Berkeley 13 Ship of Opportunity INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Oceanographic DTN Regions Global Internet Region Underwater Acoustic Modem Region Ship/Buoy/Port SWAP Region Oceanographic Iridium Region Ship/Large Buoy INMARSAT Region

14. Berkeley 14 Potential Oceanographic DTN Regions First the platforms of interest Next some Oceanographic DTN regions that could be developed. A short animation

15. Berkeley 15 INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 0 hours Multicast DTN command sent to Instrument-1, Instrument-2, and Instrument-3

16. Berkeley 16 INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 0 hours Multicast DTN command sent to Instrument-1, Instrument-2, and Instrument-3 BUNDLE WITH DTN COMMAND

17. Berkeley 17 INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 10 milliseconds Bundle containing command enters Iridium Region and is delivered to AUV

18. Berkeley 18 INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 5 minutes Bundle containing command enters Iridium Region and is delivered to AUV

19. Berkeley 19 INTERNET ISLAND AUV UAM INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 14 hours Bundle containing command enters Iridium Region and is delivered to AUV

20. Berkeley 20 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 1.5 days DTN Command Bundle sent and new bundle containing files returned to AUV AUV UAM

21. Berkeley 21 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 3 days DTN Command Bundle sent and new bundle containing files returned to AUV AUV UAM

22. Berkeley 22 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 4 days DTN Command Bundle sent and new bundle containing files returned to AUV AUV UAM

23. Berkeley 23 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 5 days AUV Docks with docking station and delivers high priority bundles via INMARSAT AUV UAM

24. Berkeley 24 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 5 days + AUV Docks with docking station and delivers high priority bundles via INMARSAT AUV UAM

25. Berkeley 25 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 5 days + AUV Docks with docking station and delivers high priority bundles via INMARSAT AUV UAM

26. Berkeley 26 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 2 weeks A tanker comes by the big buoy and offloads bulk data that is not so critical AUV UAM Ship of Opportunity

27. Berkeley 27 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 2 weeks A tanker comes by the big buoy and offloads bulk data that is not so critical AUV UAM Ship of Opportunity

28. Berkeley 28 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 2 weeks The tanker offloads the bulk data AUV UAM Ship of Opportunity

29. Berkeley 29 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 2 weeks, 1 day A tanker comes by the big buoy and offloads bulk data that is not so critical AUV UAM Ship of Opportunity

30. Berkeley 30 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 2 weeks, 1 day A tanker comes by the big buoy and offloads bulk data that is not so critical AUV UAM Ship of Opportunity

31. Berkeley 31 INTERNET ISLAND INMARSAT IRIDIUM MODEMS UAM INSTRUMENT-2 INTERNET UAM INSTRUMENT-1 UAM INSTRUMENT-3 UAM INSTRUMENT SCIENTIST WS AUV DOCK DIESEL PWR’D BUOY UAM SOLAR BUOY SUBMARINE CABLE INSTRUMENT A CONTINENT Elapsed Time: 2 weeks, 1 day A tanker comes by the big buoy and offloads bulk data that is not so critical AUV UAM Ship of Opportunity