1. Babakin Space Center, Space Research Insitute, Makeev Rocket Design Bureau COSMOS ONE: THE FIRST SOLAR SAIL a project of The Planetary Society with Cosmos Studios

2. Cosmos 1 – Major Players The Planetary Society: Louis Friedman -- Project Director Cosmos Studios: Ann Druyan -- Project Sponsor The Arts & Entertainment Network – Project Co-sponsor Babakin Space Center: K. Pichkhadze, V. Kudyrashov – System Space Research Institute, RAS: V. Linkin, V. Gotlib - Electronics James Cantrell -- Contract Manager Greg Delory, UCB -- Data System Manager Bud Schurmeier -- Review Chair Malin Space Science Systems – Imaging Ecliptic Enterprises – Project Operations Support Launch vehicle: Volna, from the Makeev Rocket Design Bureau UCB Space Sciences Laboratory – additional ground station Web Site, Public Relations – Zoomwerks, Warren Betts; and The Planetary Society staff

3. The Stories of Cosmos 1 Swords into plowshares Russian – American friendships Non-governmental “we make it happen” organization

4. Cosmos 1 - Goal To achieve the first solar sail flight All other goals are secondary –Pictures of Sail and Earth from orbit –Technological data –Duration of flight

5. “We have lingered for too long on the shores of the cosmic ocean; it’s time to set sail for the stars.” Carl Sagan

6. Solar Sailing Why? Pathway to the Stars Interplanetary travel without fuel Gossamer technology

7. COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT VOLNA LAUNCH VEHICLE Makeev Rocket Design Bureau and Russian Navy LV VOLNA is being developed on the base of SLBM SS-N-18. For providing the orbital launches the LV is equipped with solid kick-motor. Payload of the LV VOLNA is accommodated in a protected capsule mounted in the warhead section of the SLBM. Basic characteristics Number of stages …………3 Launch weight, t …….……35.3 Overall dimensions of LV, m: –length ……………………14.1 –diameter …………………1.8 Launch pad…….…………..submarine Performance Launch placeBarentsPacific SeaOcean Orbital typeCircularCircular Orbital altitude, km 600900 Inclination, deg70 – 8052 Payload mass, kg5050 MIRV bus (3-rd stage) Payload area 2-nd stage fuel tank 2-nd stage oxidizer tank 2-nd stage engine 1-st stage oxidizer tank 1-st stage fuel tank 1-st stage engine THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS

8. Loading the Volna on to the Submarine Borisoglebsk

9. The Launch

10. Sub-orbital Flight Result 20 July 2001 Partial success: –New launch team developed –Payload integration and testing, accommodation –Sail payload development –Babakin adds: “launch from the submarine” Partial failure –No deployment test

11. COSMOS 1: THE FIRST SOLAR SAIL 2002-3 Orbital Mission

12. Orbital Mission Parameters Approximate initial orbit: 800 km circular Inclination approximately 78 degrees Ground tracking stations –Bear’s Lake (S-band), Tarusa (UHF) near Moscow –University of California, Berkeley: S-band –Possibly NOAA in Fairbanks, Alaska Mission duration: sufficient to measure orbital energy increase in controlled flight from solar pressure (days); 1 month is design goal

13. Apogee kick impulse T = 1153 s VOLNA launch from the KALMAR (DELTA III) type submarine VOLNA 1-st stage separation VOLNA 2-nd stage ignition VOLNA 2-nd stage separation 3-rd stage ignition Pressure reducing inside payload compartment 3-rd stage overturn. Spacecraft separation. T = 378 s Kick motor and protective cover separation Orientation to the Sun Sail deployment 2-ND LAUNCH – SOLAR SAIL DEMONSTRATION FLIGHT LAUNCH AND INJECTION PROFILE COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS Spacecraft spin-up.  = 10 rad/s Spacecraft spin-off Solar sail operational orbit: inclination…………………………….78.6° perigee altitude…………………….832 km apogee altitude……………………..840 km orbital period………………………..104 min Time of existence in the shadow……35 min Insertion duration……………………..  1168 s Duration of the in-orbit operation……3 months TPS motor

14. SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS Cameras

15. SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT GENERAL VIEWS COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS Launch configuration Flight configuration Apogee solid rocket kick motor Protective cover Antennas Equipment bay Solar array Solar sail blades (stowed position) Sun sensor Attitude control thrusters Cameras Orbital platform (sail is not shown) Sail deployed configuration Solar sail blades

16. FLIGHT CONFIGURATION COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS

17. SOLAR SAIL SPACECRAFT IN DEVELOPMENT (1) COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS

18. SOLAR SAIL BLADE IN DEVELOPMENT COSMOS 1 SOLAR SAIL PROJECT THE PLANETARY SOCIETY COSMOS STUDIOS BABAKIN SCIENCE & RESEARCH CENTER SPACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RAS

19. Publicity

20. COSMOS 1: THE FIRST SOLAR SAIL for further information and to follow developments http://planetary.org including web camera and test video