1. Volcanoes

2. Key Terms MagmaLahar VolcanismPyroclastic flow Lava Volcano Hot spot Mafic Felsic Pyroclastic material Caldera MagmaLahar VolcanismPyroclastic flow Lava Volcano Hot spot Mafic Felsic Pyroclastic material Caldera

3. Volcanoes and Earth’s Spheres Provide a picture and written description of how volcanoes can affect each of Earth’s spheres. ONE picture and ONE description for each sphere. Provide a picture and written description of how volcanoes can affect each of Earth’s spheres. ONE picture and ONE description for each sphere.

4. Major Volcanic Zones Ring of Fire

5. Major Volcanic Zones Subduction Zones Mid-Ocean Ridges Hot Spots Subduction Zones Mid-Ocean Ridges Hot Spots

6. Subduction Zones Volcanoes

7. Mid-Ocean Ridge Volcanoes

8. Hot Spots Volcanoes

9. Key Questions Describe THREE conditions that affect whether magma forms. Explain how magma reaches Earth’s surface. Summarize the formation of hot spots. Describe THREE conditions that affect whether magma forms. Explain how magma reaches Earth’s surface. Summarize the formation of hot spots.

10. The Hawaiian-Emperor Seamont Chain The following map shows the locations and ages of islands and seamounts in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain, which is located in the Pacific Ocean. Use the map to answer the questions that follow.

11. The Hawaiian-Emperor Seamont Chain

13. The Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain Which volcano is the oldest? A seamount is a submarine volcanic mountain. Would you expect older volcanoes to be seamounts or islands? Explain your answer. Which island signifies a change in direction of the movement of the Pacific Plate? In which direction has the Pacific Plate been moving since the formation of the Islands in the seamount chain changed direction? How many years ago did the Pacific Plate change its direction? The Pacific Plate has moved 3220 km since the seamount changed directions. What is the average speed of the Pacific Plate over that time? Which volcano is the oldest? A seamount is a submarine volcanic mountain. Would you expect older volcanoes to be seamounts or islands? Explain your answer. Which island signifies a change in direction of the movement of the Pacific Plate? In which direction has the Pacific Plate been moving since the formation of the Islands in the seamount chain changed direction? How many years ago did the Pacific Plate change its direction? The Pacific Plate has moved 3220 km since the seamount changed directions. What is the average speed of the Pacific Plate over that time?

14. Volcanic Hazards List and Describe possible hazards associated with volcanic eruptions to nearby populations. On day 1, a volcano expelled 5 metric tons of sulfur dioxide. On day 2, the same volcano expelled 12 metric tons of sulfur dioxide. What is the percentage increase in sulfur dioxide expelled from day 1 to day 2? What are the effects of increased levels of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere? List and Describe possible hazards associated with volcanic eruptions to nearby populations. On day 1, a volcano expelled 5 metric tons of sulfur dioxide. On day 2, the same volcano expelled 12 metric tons of sulfur dioxide. What is the percentage increase in sulfur dioxide expelled from day 1 to day 2? What are the effects of increased levels of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere?