2. THC (MARIJUANA) (Please select Slide Show on the PowerPoint toolbar and then select Start Slide Show From the Beginning from the left corner. The links (including the Certificate of Completion) will not function otherwise. Thank You) proceed

3. THC Update Content: Introduction Introduction Marijuana Pharmacology & Effects Marijuana Pharmacology & Effects Urinalysis & Drug Lab Procedures Urinalysis & Drug Lab Procedures Introduction Introduction Marijuana Pharmacology & Effects Marijuana Pharmacology & Effects Urinalysis & Drug Lab Procedures Urinalysis & Drug Lab Procedures proceed

4. Reduce the impact of THC use on the army. Reduce the impact of THC use on the army. Understand the effects of THC on the body and brain. Understand the effects of THC on the body and brain. To diminish “barracks lawyer” tales. To diminish “barracks lawyer” tales. Reduce the impact of THC use on the army. Reduce the impact of THC use on the army. Understand the effects of THC on the body and brain. Understand the effects of THC on the body and brain. To diminish “barracks lawyer” tales. To diminish “barracks lawyer” tales. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES proceed

5. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION Marijuana is still the #1 illicit drug of choice in the ARMY Marijuana is considered to be a gateway drug to other drug use and abuse. Army Drug Policy – “ZERO TOLERANCE” ARMY DRUG USE 1998 DOD SURVEY 9.8 % (7.7% is Marijuana) used in the past 12 months Marijuana is still the #1 illicit drug of choice in the ARMY Marijuana is considered to be a gateway drug to other drug use and abuse. Army Drug Policy – “ZERO TOLERANCE” ARMY DRUG USE 1998 DOD SURVEY 9.8 % (7.7% is Marijuana) used in the past 12 months proceed

6. Introduction: 1960’s –1970’s Aftermath of Vietnam Drug treatment centers opened. A decade of change Drug screening labs upgraded to forensic Mandatory urinalysis. Aftermath of Vietnam Drug treatment centers opened. A decade of change Drug screening labs upgraded to forensic Mandatory urinalysis. proceed

7. Introduction: War on Drugs 1980 33% Of The Military Reported Illicit Drug Use 1981 - U.S.S. NIMITZ Crash of Marine Corps EA-6B Autopsies Of Killed Sailors And Marines Revealed THC in Six Bodies DOD Declared “War On Drugs.” 1980 33% Of The Military Reported Illicit Drug Use 1981 - U.S.S. NIMITZ Crash of Marine Corps EA-6B Autopsies Of Killed Sailors And Marines Revealed THC in Six Bodies DOD Declared “War On Drugs.” proceed

8. Introduction: Attitudes Shifting attitudes among parents of today's generation who themselves used marijuana in the 60’s -70’s. proceed

9. Introduction: Trends More intense patterns of marijuana abuse such as “Blunt” marijuana cigars. Changes in public perception about marijuana as reflected by open use of the drug in film, media, musical recordings and rock or rap videos. $$ Marijuana can sell for $600 an ounce, $8,000 a pound, $20 for a blunt cigar. More intense patterns of marijuana abuse such as “Blunt” marijuana cigars. Changes in public perception about marijuana as reflected by open use of the drug in film, media, musical recordings and rock or rap videos. $$ Marijuana can sell for $600 an ounce, $8,000 a pound, $20 for a blunt cigar. proceed

10. Pulmonary risks of smoking marijuana are often ignored. Addiction is associated with alcohol and other drugs – not marijuana. THC is psychologically addictive - abuse and addiction is frequently denied. Pulmonary risks of smoking marijuana are often ignored. Addiction is associated with alcohol and other drugs – not marijuana. THC is psychologically addictive - abuse and addiction is frequently denied. Introduction: Trends proceed

11. Marijuana is a psychoactive or mind altering drug. Psychoactive drugs can produce a mind state similar to psychosis. Psychosis - A major mental disorder in which the personality is veryseriously disorganized. Marijuana is a psychoactive or mind altering drug. Psychoactive drugs can produce a mind state similar to psychosis. Psychosis - A major mental disorder in which the personality is veryseriously disorganized. Pharmacology Of Marijuana Pharmacology Of Marijuana proceed

12. Marijuana is the term used in the U.S. to refer to the cannabis plant. Marijuana is the term used in the U.S. to refer to the cannabis plant. Delta 9 - Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the active ingredient that causes the “high”. Delta 9 - Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the active ingredient that causes the “high”. THC is much stronger today than in the 1960’s: THC is much stronger today than in the 1960’s: 1% THC content in 1960’s 3 – 28% today Marijuana is the term used in the U.S. to refer to the cannabis plant. Marijuana is the term used in the U.S. to refer to the cannabis plant. Delta 9 - Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the active ingredient that causes the “high”. Delta 9 - Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the active ingredient that causes the “high”. THC is much stronger today than in the 1960’s: THC is much stronger today than in the 1960’s: 1% THC content in 1960’s 3 – 28% today Pharmacology Of Marijuana Pharmacology Of Marijuana proceed

13. Recent domestic report revealed 29.86% THC content. Recent domestic report revealed 29.86% THC content. Much more dangerous today. Much more dangerous today. Mixing other drugs with THC by drug dealers and users. Mixing other drugs with THC by drug dealers and users. Recent domestic report revealed 29.86% THC content. Recent domestic report revealed 29.86% THC content. Much more dangerous today. Much more dangerous today. Mixing other drugs with THC by drug dealers and users. Mixing other drugs with THC by drug dealers and users. Pharmacology Of Marijuana Pharmacology Of Marijuana proceed

14. Marijuana - Made from the leaves, flowers or stems of the hemp plant. Hash/Hashish - Concentrated form of marijuana by compressing marijuana resins into small blocks. Hash Oil - Made by soaking marijuana in a chemical solvent (such as rubbing alcohol) and then evaporating the solvent to obtain an oil concentrate. Marijuana - Made from the leaves, flowers or stems of the hemp plant. Hash/Hashish - Concentrated form of marijuana by compressing marijuana resins into small blocks. Hash Oil - Made by soaking marijuana in a chemical solvent (such as rubbing alcohol) and then evaporating the solvent to obtain an oil concentrate. Three Basic Forms proceed

15. When smoked, the marijuana is absorbed through the capillaries in the lungs.When smoked, the marijuana is absorbed through the capillaries in the lungs. When the marijuana is eaten, the chemicals are absorbed into the small intestines.When the marijuana is eaten, the chemicals are absorbed into the small intestines. When smoked, the marijuana is absorbed through the capillaries in the lungs.When smoked, the marijuana is absorbed through the capillaries in the lungs. When the marijuana is eaten, the chemicals are absorbed into the small intestines.When the marijuana is eaten, the chemicals are absorbed into the small intestines. PharmacologyPharmacology proceed

16. Acute Effects  Euphoria  Increased Heart Rate  Short Term Memory Loss  Loss of Coordination  Paranoia  Hallucinations  Psychosis  Chronic Panic Attacks  Increased Appetite  Bloodshot Eyes  Dry Mouth/Throat  Sleepiness proceed

17. Marijuana smoke contains more tar and cancer causing substances than tobacco smoke.Marijuana smoke contains more tar and cancer causing substances than tobacco smoke. Smoking one joint = five cigarettes.Smoking one joint = five cigarettes. With one puff you inhale 150 cancer - causing substances and twice as much tar as with tobacco.With one puff you inhale 150 cancer - causing substances and twice as much tar as with tobacco. Marijuana smoke contains more tar and cancer causing substances than tobacco smoke.Marijuana smoke contains more tar and cancer causing substances than tobacco smoke. Smoking one joint = five cigarettes.Smoking one joint = five cigarettes. With one puff you inhale 150 cancer - causing substances and twice as much tar as with tobacco.With one puff you inhale 150 cancer - causing substances and twice as much tar as with tobacco. Acute Effects proceed

18. Smoking marijuana can cause:Smoking marijuana can cause: –Bronchitis –Lung cancer –Brain damage Smoking marijuana causes some neurotransmitters to clump up and become inactive.Smoking marijuana causes some neurotransmitters to clump up and become inactive. Neurotransmitters send messages throughout the brain for body functions.Neurotransmitters send messages throughout the brain for body functions. Interferes with thinking, ability to focus, memory lapses.Interferes with thinking, ability to focus, memory lapses. Smoking marijuana can cause:Smoking marijuana can cause: –Bronchitis –Lung cancer –Brain damage Smoking marijuana causes some neurotransmitters to clump up and become inactive.Smoking marijuana causes some neurotransmitters to clump up and become inactive. Neurotransmitters send messages throughout the brain for body functions.Neurotransmitters send messages throughout the brain for body functions. Interferes with thinking, ability to focus, memory lapses.Interferes with thinking, ability to focus, memory lapses. Acute Effects proceed

19. Reduces male hormone testosterone.Reduces male hormone testosterone. Sex organs do not function properly.Sex organs do not function properly. Reduces sperm count in adult males.Reduces sperm count in adult males. Ages 10-20 is when male sex organs are maturing.Ages 10-20 is when male sex organs are maturing. Use can cause long-term negative affects on sex organs.Use can cause long-term negative affects on sex organs. Reduces male hormone testosterone.Reduces male hormone testosterone. Sex organs do not function properly.Sex organs do not function properly. Reduces sperm count in adult males.Reduces sperm count in adult males. Ages 10-20 is when male sex organs are maturing.Ages 10-20 is when male sex organs are maturing. Use can cause long-term negative affects on sex organs.Use can cause long-term negative affects on sex organs. Long Term Effects – Male Specific Long Term Effects – Male Specific proceed

20. Testosterone increases causing facial hair, more body hair and acne.Testosterone increases causing facial hair, more body hair and acne. Decreased sexual pleasure.Decreased sexual pleasure. Disrupts menstrual cycles and ovulation.Disrupts menstrual cycles and ovulation. Testosterone increases causing facial hair, more body hair and acne.Testosterone increases causing facial hair, more body hair and acne. Decreased sexual pleasure.Decreased sexual pleasure. Disrupts menstrual cycles and ovulation.Disrupts menstrual cycles and ovulation. Long Term Effects – Female Specific Long Term Effects – Female Specific proceed

21. The ARMY URINALYSIS PROGRAM The ARMY URINALYSIS PROGRAM proceed

22. Army Drug Screening Labs  Every specimen screened for the following drugs:  THC, Cocaine, Amphetamines (includes Methamphetamines, Ecstasy and other designer drugs)  At least one of the following:  Opiates (Codeine, Morphine, Heroin)  PCP  LSD  Barbiturates  Steroids can be checked upon request at the UCLA Olympic analytical drug lab.  Every specimen screened for the following drugs:  THC, Cocaine, Amphetamines (includes Methamphetamines, Ecstasy and other designer drugs)  At least one of the following:  Opiates (Codeine, Morphine, Heroin)  PCP  LSD  Barbiturates  Steroids can be checked upon request at the UCLA Olympic analytical drug lab. proceed

23. Army Drug Lab Procedures All samples are checkedAll samples are checked Each drug has a cut-off level established by DOD.Each drug has a cut-off level established by DOD. 3rd verification check (confirmation) - if positive 1st & 2nd time.3rd verification check (confirmation) - if positive 1st & 2nd time. All samples are checkedAll samples are checked Each drug has a cut-off level established by DOD.Each drug has a cut-off level established by DOD. 3rd verification check (confirmation) - if positive 1st & 2nd time.3rd verification check (confirmation) - if positive 1st & 2nd time. proceed

24. Army Drug Lab Procedures Positive samples:Positive samples: Stored in original bottle and frozen for 1 yearStored in original bottle and frozen for 1 year Can be extended upon requestCan be extended upon request Suspected adulteration:Suspected adulteration: –Message sent to command stating adulteration –C.O. Can still process or follow-up with another sample Positive samples:Positive samples: Stored in original bottle and frozen for 1 yearStored in original bottle and frozen for 1 year Can be extended upon requestCan be extended upon request Suspected adulteration:Suspected adulteration: –Message sent to command stating adulteration –C.O. Can still process or follow-up with another sample proceed

25. THC and Alcohol Alcohol’s relationship to other drugsAlcohol’s relationship to other drugs Alcohol -member of depressant familyAlcohol -member of depressant family Synergistic with other drugsSynergistic with other drugs 1 + 1 = 3 ??1 + 1 = 3 ?? Cross addictive to other drugsCross addictive to other drugs Cross tolerant to many other drugsCross tolerant to many other drugs Effects on judgment can lead to illicit THC or other drug useEffects on judgment can lead to illicit THC or other drug use Alcohol’s relationship to other drugsAlcohol’s relationship to other drugs Alcohol -member of depressant familyAlcohol -member of depressant family Synergistic with other drugsSynergistic with other drugs 1 + 1 = 3 ??1 + 1 = 3 ?? Cross addictive to other drugsCross addictive to other drugs Cross tolerant to many other drugsCross tolerant to many other drugs Effects on judgment can lead to illicit THC or other drug useEffects on judgment can lead to illicit THC or other drug use proceed

26. Check Point! Now You Choose… proceed

27. 1. The Army's policy regarding illegal drug use is zero tolerance: True? False?

28. Army Drug Policy – “ZERO TOLERANCE” Correct!Correct! proceed

29. The Army's policy regarding illegal drug use is zero tolerance. The correct answer is ‘True’… proceed

30. 2. Marijuana is the most abused illegal drug in the Army: True? False?

31. Marijuana is the most abused illegal drug in the Army. Marijuana is the most abused illegal drug in the Army.Correct!Correct! proceed

32. Marijuana is the most abused illegal drug in the Army. The correct answer is ‘True’… proceed

33. 3. Marijuana is psychologically addicting and abuse is frequently denied: True? False? True? False?

34. Marijuana is psychologically addicting and abuse is frequently denied. Marijuana is psychologically addicting and abuse is frequently denied.Correct!Correct! proceed

35. Marijuana is psychologically addicting and abuse is frequently denied. The correct answer is ‘True’… proceed

36. 4. The active ingredient in marijuana that causes the high is: TABC ? HASH ?TABC ? HASH ? THC ? ADAPT ?

37. The active ingredient in marijuana that causes the high is: The active ingredient in marijuana that causes the high is: THC THC Correct!Correct! proceed

38. Pharmacology Of Marijuana The correct answer is ‘THC’… The active ingredient in marijuana that causes the high is: THC The correct answer is ‘THC’… The active ingredient in marijuana that causes the high is: THC proceed

39. 5. The Army tests all urine samples for THC: True? False?

40. The Army tests all urine samples for THC The Army tests all urine samples for THC Correct!Correct! proceed

41. Army Drug Screening Labs The correct answer is ‘True’… The Army tests all urine samples for THC. proceed

42. Thank You… please advance to certificate Type your name and organization. Print it out and save a copy to your files and email it to usarmy.lee.imcom.mbx.leee-ima-adco@mail.mil & your organization Training Officer confirming that you have completed this usarmy.lee.imcom.mbx.leee-ima-adco@mail.mil Army Substance Abuse Program online training. (If you have questions, contact 734-9079.)