1. Exercise 4 Effects of controls

2. Microlight Flight Lessons Exercise 4 Effects of Controls Flexwing Microlight

3. Aim To understand how each control effects the aircraft in flight To understand how each control effects the aircraft in flight

4. The flight path can be resolved into three planes of movement

5. Control Weight shift Weight shift Primary Control is effected by moving the trike unit and hence the centre of gravity. relative to the wing Primary Control is effected by moving the trike unit and hence the centre of gravity. relative to the wing

6. Stability HANDS OFF TRIM POSITION- H.O.T. HANDS OFF TRIM POSITION- H.O.T. The aircraft is very stable and can flown hands off the control bar. The aircraft will automatically correct for small disturbances in light turbulence in pitch and to lesser degree in role. The aircraft is very stable and can flown hands off the control bar. The aircraft will automatically correct for small disturbances in light turbulence in pitch and to lesser degree in role.

7. Primary Attitude Reference The Primary reference to the attitude is the Horizon The Primary reference to the attitude is the Horizon Point on front strut used to asses horizon This photo shows Banked turn to right

8. Airspeed Airspeed is shown by the airspeed indicator. ASI, and can be assessed from the pressure of airflow on the pilots body Airspeed is shown by the airspeed indicator. ASI, and can be assessed from the pressure of airflow on the pilots body

9. ROLLING OR BANKING THE AIRCRAFT ROLLING OR BANKING THE AIRCRAFT AS THE AIRCRAFT BANKS IT WILL BEGIN TO SLIP.YAW.TURN AS THE AIRCRAFT BANKS IT WILL BEGIN TO SLIP.YAW.TURN Slip Slip Yaw Yaw Turn Turn Slip Yaw Slip Turn Nose will lower Into the turn

10. Rolling or banking the Aircraft Moving the control bar laterally causes the aircraft to ROLL Moving the control bar laterally causes the aircraft to ROLL Moving the control bar laterally Rolling back to level Slip Stabilise in new banked angle Yaw

11. Moving the control bar forwards or backwards causes the aircraft to pitch Bar Forwards –Nose pitches up Bar Forwards –Nose pitches up Bar Back _ Nose pitches down Bar Back _ Nose pitches down Bar Forwards Nose pitches up Bar Back Nose pitches down

12. Further Effects Control Movement PrimaryEffect Further Effects Bar Forward Pitch nose up Reduction of airspeed Bar back Pitch nose down Increase in airspeed Bar right Roll to the left Slip and yaw to the left Bar left Roll to the right Slip and yaw to the right

13. Effect of air speed High airspeed {bar back} = Light and fast roll response High airspeed {bar back} = Light and fast roll response Low airspeed {bar forward} =Heavy and slow roll response Low airspeed {bar forward} =Heavy and slow roll response

14. Effects of power The initial effect of increases in power Is a temporary increase in airspeed Initial effect of reducing power is A temporary reduction of airspeed Decreasing power Increase power Increase in airspeed Decrease In airspeed

15. The further effect of a power change Increase power the Aircraft will nose up And climb Decrease power the aircraft will nose down And descend Nose Up & climb Decrease power Nose Down & descend The air speed will settle off to the original trim speed Increase power

16. The effects of Trimmer Reflex shown in picture Trailing edge Effects of trimmer sets Different amounts of reflex This controls the H.O.T position and Hence H.O.T.airspeed to relieve Yiring out of trim bar pressure At chosen airspeed

17. AIRMANSHIP Lookout Lookout At the horizon to assess aircraft attitude and for other aircraft At the horizon to assess aircraft attitude and for other aircraft Horizon Aircraft attitude

18. Airmanship Cont- Passing Control It is important that the student knows when he is control of the aircraft either Instructor or Student. Also the instructor may ask the student to follow through on the controls with the instructor to get a feel of the bar movement. Instructor “You have control” Instructor “You have control” Student “I have control” Student “I have control” Instructor “ I have control” Instructor “ I have control” Student “ You have control ” Student “ You have control ” You must relinquish control immediately after been asked You must relinquish control immediately after been asked