Download presentation
Published byBeatrix Jefferson Modified over 9 years ago
1
AIRCRAFT HANDLING Part 7 Aerobatics and Formation Flying
2
Aerobatics Aerobatics Give pilots confidence in handling aircraft.
They gain experience at operating in different attitudes. Pilots become accustomed to the high strains and stress of combat flying.
3
Aerobatics H A S E L Before any aerobatic flying,
a pilot must carry out his HASELL checks: Height – sufficient to complete manoeuvre. Airframe – Flaps and U/C UP, Airbrakes IN. Security – Equipment stowed, harness locked and tight. Engine – Temperatures, pressures & fuel sufficient. Location – Airfields, built-up areas controlled airspace. Lookout – clear of other aircraft & cloud (↔ & ↕) H A S E L
4
Aerobatics As you should already know,
an aircraft can be manoeuvred in three planes: Pitching plane Rolling plane Yawing plane
5
The simplest aerobatic manoeuvre
Aerobatics The simplest aerobatic manoeuvre in the pitching plane is the loop. Pitching plane
6
Aerobatics Pilot aligns with linear feature – road, rail
Drop nose to increase speed Keep wings level Pull up until horizon disappears, looking overhead for new horizon
7
The simplest aerobatic manoeuvre
Aerobatics The simplest aerobatic manoeuvre in the rolling plane is the barrel roll. Rolling plane
8
Aerobatics Drop nose to increase speed
Pick point above horizon (cloud) Roll 45° away from banking direction Roll in banking direction, with nose of aircraft pointing at point on horizon
9
the only basic manoeuvre
Aerobatics In the yawing plane the only basic manoeuvre is the stall turn. Yawing plane
10
Aerobatics Nose up to 90°, decreasing speed
Apply rudder before wing stalls. Aircraft falls sideways until nose is pointing down Speed increases, round out at the bottom.
11
There are other manoeuvres . . .
Aerobatics There are other manoeuvres . . . The Slow Roll As a barrel roll, but slower Roll off the Top ½ loop followed by barrel roll or slow roll at the top ½ Roll and Pull Through Barrel roll or slow roll followed by a ½ loop
12
There are other manoeuvres . . .
Aerobatics There are other manoeuvres . . . The Upward Roll Pull up vertically, roll keeping wings straight. Often ends with stall turn Aileron Turn A roll flown vertically downward Derry Roll A roll flown while inverted Hesitation Roll Either a 4 or 8 point roll, stopping briefly every 45° or 90°
13
There are other manoeuvres . . .
Aerobatics There are other manoeuvres . . . Vertical Eight A ½ roll off the top, a full loop and a ½ roll and pull through.
14
There are other manoeuvres . . .
Aerobatics There are other manoeuvres . . . Horizontal Eight A loop and a ½ roll, followed by another loop and ½ roll Cuban Eight A full roll on the first loop and ½ roll into the second loop.
15
Inverted Flight α Aircraft flying inverted appear to be flying with
the nose well above the horizon. Aircraft wings are less efficient inverted, so a higher angle of attack is required for inverted straight and level flight. α
16
Formation Flying Close Tactical
The RAF’s definition of formation flying is: ‘An ordered arrangement of two or more aircraft proceeding together as an element.’ There are two types of formation flying: Close Tactical Take-off & Landing Used for all tactical fighter operations Cloud penetration Show and Display flying
17
There are five standard section formations:
Formation Flying There are five standard section formations: The VIC formation Think of the ‘V’ in Vic and invert it. 1 3 2
18
There are five standard section formations:
Formation Flying There are five standard section formations: The ECHELON formation 1 2 3
19
There are five standard section formations:
Formation Flying There are five standard section formations: LINE ABREAST 3 1 2
20
There are five standard section formations:
Formation Flying There are five standard section formations: LINE ASTERN 1 2 3
21
There are five standard section formations:
Formation Flying There are five standard section formations: The BOX formation 1 3 2 4
22
There are five standard section formations:
Formation Flying There are five standard section formations: 1 3 2 4 1 3 2 Line Astern 1 3 2 Box formation VIC formation 1 3 2 Echelon formation 1 3 2 Line Abreast
23
Formation Technique Relative speed – Air Speed Indicator (ASI)
is the only method of judging speed Apparent size – using the size of objects to judge distance – 6 miles to 3 miles isn’t obvious, but 1 mile to ½ mile is. Distance – Tendency to underestimate, comes with practise & experience
24
Formation Technique Changes are always small & smooth
Longitudinal changes use throttle & elevators Lateral changes use ailerons Vertical changes use elevators A clean aircraft: Accelerates quickly Decelerates slowly Acceleration is often poor at low speed in jet aircraft
25
Check Understanding The pilot uses a mnemonic
to remember to carry out his checks. What is the mnemonic for aerobatics? H A S A L L H E S S E L H A S S E L H A S E L L
26
the arrows indicate what plane of movement?
Check Understanding In the diagram, the arrows indicate what plane of movement? Pitching Yawing Rolling Spinning
27
What is the simplest aerobatic manoeuvre
Check Understanding What is the simplest aerobatic manoeuvre in the pitching plane? A stall turn A loop A barrel roll A spin
28
What is the simplest aerobatic manoeuvre
Check Understanding What is the simplest aerobatic manoeuvre in the rolling plane? A slow roll A barrel roll A stall turn A spin
29
What is the only basic aerobatic manoeuvre
Check Understanding What is the only basic aerobatic manoeuvre in the yawing plane? Roll off the top The stall turn A spin The upward roll
30
what is represented by the angle shown?
Check Understanding In the diagram, what is represented by the angle shown? The Angle of Incidence The Angle of Attack The High Climb Angle The Low Climb Angle
31
What formation is shown in this diagram?
Check Understanding What formation is shown in this diagram? Box Vic Echelon Diamond
32
What formation is shown in this diagram?
Check Understanding What formation is shown in this diagram? Echelon Box Diamond Card
33
What formation is shown in this diagram?
Check Understanding What formation is shown in this diagram? Diamond Line astern Line abreast Echelon
34
AIRCRAFT HANDLING End of Presentation
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.