1. Gliding Scholarship Exercise 10 STALLING CFS Gliding Examiners © 2009

2. Gliding Scholarship 1.To monitor speed and prevent the stall 2.To recover from the stall with minimum height loss. AIMS

3. Gliding Scholarship REDUCED G Reduced g results in a sensation of weightlessness similar to going over a hump-backed bridge Occurs when the aircraft pitches down The sensation stops when the aircraft stops pitching

4. Gliding Scholarship Why does a stall occur ?

5. Gliding Scholarship Relative airflow Chord line 15° Angle of Attack (AoA)

6. Gliding Scholarship At high AOA, turbulent airflow over the wing breaks away… …reducing lift…

7. Gliding Scholarship …and resulting in dramatic height loss

8. Gliding Scholarship HEIGHT AIRFRAME SECURITY ENGINE LOCATION LOOKOUT HASELL Checks To be carried out before intentionally stalling

9. Gliding Scholarship The 4 symptoms of the full stall are:

10. Gliding Scholarship …caused by turbulence over the tailplane 1. Airframe buffet…

11. Gliding Scholarship 2. Nose pitches down… …even though the control column is held fully back

12. Gliding Scholarship 3. Possible wing drop

13. Gliding Scholarship 4. Increased sink

14. Gliding Scholarship So the symptoms of the full stall are: Airframe buffet Nose may pitch down Possible wing drop Increased sink (but not all symptoms are present at each stall)

15. Gliding Scholarship Standard Stall Recovery (SSR)

16. Gliding Scholarship Move the control column centrally forward… …to select the recovery attitude (approximately the 60 kt approach attitude)

17. Gliding Scholarship Wait for 50 kt

18. Gliding Scholarship Level the wings with co-ordinated controls (if necessary)

19. Gliding Scholarship Select the normal gliding attitude

20. Gliding Scholarship So the STANDARD STALL RECOVERY is… Control column centrally forward to select the recovery attitude Wait for 50 kt Level wings (if necessary) Select normal gliding attitude

21. Gliding Scholarship The Steep Stall

22. Gliding Scholarship Should the stall occur from a steep entry attitude The nose may pitch below the recovery attitude

23. Gliding Scholarship To recover from a steep stall, use the STANDARD STALL RECOVERY

24. Gliding Scholarship The Shallow Stall

25. Gliding Scholarship Should the stall occur from a very shallow entry attitude…

26. Gliding Scholarship …and a wing drop is less likely …the nose may not pitch down at all…

27. Gliding Scholarship To recover from a shallow stall, use the STANDARD STALL RECOVERY

28. Gliding Scholarship Stall in a Turn

29. Gliding Scholarship Should a stall occur while in a turn… …there is a likelihood that the wing will drop further

30. Gliding Scholarship To recover from a stall in the turn, use the STANDARD STALL RECOVERY

31. Gliding Scholarship If you attempt to raise the downgoing wing with aileron before achieving 50 kt, you will make the situation worse

32. Gliding Scholarship Stall Prevention

33. Gliding Scholarship There are 4 signs of the approaching stall

34. Gliding Scholarship 1. Attitude is higher than it should be

35. Gliding Scholarship 2. Speed is low (because attitude is wrong)

36. Gliding Scholarship 3. Noise level is reduced because speed is low

37. Gliding Scholarship 4. Controls less effective because speed is low

38. Gliding Scholarship So the 4 signs of the approaching stall are: Attitude higher than it should be Speed is low because attitude is wrong Noise level is reduced because speed is low Controls less effective because speed is low

39. Gliding Scholarship To prevent the stall: Monitor speed If speed is incorrect, adjust attitude

40. Gliding Scholarship On the approach to land: Wrong attitude may not appear abnormal Reduced noise masked by airbrake During a stable approach control inputs are small and reduced effectiveness may go unnoticed The only indication of the approaching stall is reducing airspeed

41. Gliding Scholarship To prevent the stall on the approach: Monitor speed If below approach speed: Close airbrake Adjust attitude to regain approach speed When approach speed regained, select airbrake as required Continue approach, monitoring speed Continue approach, monitoring speed

42. Gliding Scholarship THE END

43. Gliding Scholarship ? Any Questions

44. Gliding Scholarship Crown Copyright 2009 No Part of this presentation may be reproduced without the permission of the issuing authority. The views expressed in this presentation do not necessarily reflect the views or policy of the MOD. C