1. Principles of Agricultural Structures

2. Objectives Identify and describe the characteristics of the 4 major building types used in agriculture. Describe primary building structural components. Describe the types of loads acting on buildings. Interpret building plans. Perform basic design calculations.

3. Major Building Types used in Agriculture Stud Frame Construction Pole (or post) Frame Construction Rigid Arch Construction Masonry Construction

4. Stud Frame Construction

5. Pole (Post) Construction

6. Masonry Construction Block Construction Poured-in-place Construction Tilt-up Construction

7. Rigid Arch Construction

8. Primary Building Components Roof: Weather protection. Lateral support of exterior walls. Walls: Weather protection. Support vertical loads. Resist lateral loads. Foundation and Footing: Transfer all structural loads to soil. Soil: Supports all building loads. p. 65 of text.

9. AgriScience & Technology Center

10. Foundation and Slab

16. Common Roof Types A. B. C. D. F. E. ShedGable Gambrel Hip Gothic Combination

17. Rafter Roof Components Plate Rafter Ridge board

18. Truss Roof Components Upper Chord Gusset Lower Chord Web

19. Roof Terms Span Run Rise

20. Roof Pitch Expressed as: A. “Rise per foot of Run” or as B. “Fractional Pitch” EXAMPLE Rise = 3’ Run = 12’

21. Stress, Strain and Building Loads Stress vs. Strain Types of Stress Hooke’s Law Structural Loads

22. Stress vs. Strain Strain Stress

23. Compressive Stress

24. Tensile Stress

25. Shearing Stress

26. Torsional Stress

27. What Types of Stress Can You ID?

28. Hooke’s Law Strain is proportional to stress within the elastic limits of a material.

29. Elastic limits

30. Types of Building Loads Dead load –Weight of building materials. Live loads –Moveable load – Building contents that can move but are generally stationary for extended periods. –Moving load – Building contents that move often. Snow load – Vertical load from weight of snow on roof. Wind load – Pressure acting on roof and walls due to horizontal wind.

31. A well-designed and constructed farm building will: Withstand all “normal” loads without structural failure. Be as economical as possible (but no more than possible!) Efficiently serve its intended function Have capacity for expansion Be integrated into existing and intended facilities plan

32. How can you ensure proper building design and construction? Contractor –Reputable –Licensed / Bonded Self –Use pre-engineered packages –Follow engineering plans from reputable source –Consult with professional engineer as necessary