1.  All schools teach math. (active)  Math is taught in all schools. (passive)  Somebody built this house in 1935. (active)  This house was built in 1935. (passive)

2. TENSESBEP.P. Present Simple All lettersaretyped. Present Continuous The house is beingpainted. Past Simple The school wasbuiltin 1978. Past Continuous The grasswas beingcut. Present Perfect The carhas beenrepaired. Past PerfectThe tablehad beenreserved. Modal verbs Doorsmust belocked at the end of the day.

3.  To talk about processes: E.g. Flour is made from cereal grains such as wheat and rye. It is used to make bread and cakes.  In formal writing to sound impersonal: E.g. (from a newspaper report) The country has been affected by flooding; hundreds of people have been evacuated.  Usually we do not mention the agent (the person/thing that did the action) in a passive sentence because it is not important for the meaning of the sentence: E.g. The house was built in 1888. – we don’t say ‘by some builders’  We can mention the agent in a passive sentence with by + noun when the sentence would not make sense without it: E.g. Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.

4. 1. Somebody cleans the room every day. 2. They cancelled all flights because of fog. 3. People don’t use this road much. 4. Somebody accused me of stealing money. (I ……) 5. How do people learn languages? (How……?) 6. Somebody warned us not to go out alone. (We…….) 7. Somebody has cleaned the room. 8. They have postponed the meeting. 9. Somebody is using the computer at the moment. 10. When we got to the stadium, we found that they had cancelled the game. (When we go to the stadium, we found that…) 12. They are building a new road round the city. 13. They have built a new hospital near the airport. 14. He should check the letters before they are sent out. 15. They will invite him.

5.  We use HAVE SOMETHING DONE to say that we arrange for somebody else to do something for us. Compare:  Lisa repaired the roof. (= she repaired it herself)  Lisa had the roof repaired. (= she arranged for somebody else to repair it)

6. SHAVEOP.P. Ihavemy haircut every 6 weeks. Heis havinghis carservicedtoday. Sallyhadher eyestested. Youhave had your windows cleaned. They are going to have their bedroom painted. I must have my shoesmended.

7.  We _______ (the house/paint) at the moment.  I lost my key. I’ll have to _______ (another key/make).  When was the last time you _______ (your hair/cut)?  _______ (you/a newspaper/deliver) to your house every day, or do you go out and buy one?  A: Can I see the photographs you took when you were on holiday? B: I’m afraid I _______ (not/the film/develop) yet.  This coat is dirty. I must ______ (it/clean).  A: I heard your computer wasn’t working. B: That’s right, but it’s OK now. I _______ (it/repair).