1. SC Indicator 8-3.7
Illustrate the creation and changing of landforms that have occurred through geologic processes (including volcanic eruptions and mountain-building forces).

2. Mountain Building Forces and Faults

3. Building Mountains
Forces (stresses) that cause rocks to break or move are:
Tension
Compression
Shearing
These forces cause the lithosphere to bend and stretch

4. These stresses can be strong enough to cause rocks to break
This creates faults: a fracture in Earth’s lithosphere
Blocks of rock move past each other along faults
Earthquakes occur along faults when these rocks move

6. South Carolina Faults

7. Tension forces Tension: forces that pull rocks apart
Occurs at divergent boundaries
Tension stretches rock
Creates a normal fault
If a normal fault uplifts a large block of rock, a fault-block mountain forms

8. Normal Fault

9. Normal Faults
Fault-block mountains
Normal fault in Death Valley, CA

10. Compression Forces
Compression: forces that push or squeeze rocks together
Occurs along continental convergent boundaries
Rock folds or breaks
Creates reverse faults

11. Compression can produce mountain ranges
If pressure is applied slowly, folded mountains form

12. Himalayan Mtns.
Appalachian Mtns.
Rocky Mtns. Of Wyoming

14. Shearing Forces
Shearing: forces that cause rocks on either side of faults to push in opposite directions
Causes rock to break and split apart
Creates strike-slip faults

15. Plate Boundaries
Movements form
Movements form
Movements form

16. Do Now: Tuesday 3/23
Read pgs in textbook and answer the following questions (copy down the questions):
What is a fault?
2. Where are most faults located?
3. Explain how earthquakes occur.
4. Where do most earthquakes occur?
5. What are the three types of faults?
6. What type of stress produces a reverse fault?

17. Do Now Thursday 2/19 On light-blue side of PACT workbook:
Read pgs and answer the following questions:
1. What type of stress will create a normal fault?
2. How do normal faults form?
What three landform features are formed due to tension forces?
What type of stress can create mountains, reverse faults, and volcanoes?
What happens in order for volcanoes and mountains to form along a coastline?
Why are there so many earthquakes along the San Andreas Fault?

18. Do Now Thursday March 25
1. Where converging continental plates meet, earthquakes often occur. What type of stress is placed on the rocks along converging continental plate boundaries?
A. Normal
B. Compression
C. Tension
D. Shearing
2. The primary cause of continental drift, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions is
A. convection currents beneath Earth's crust.
B. the rotation of Earth on its axis.
C. the gradual sinking of Earth's crust.
D. heat form the Sun warming Earth.

19. Do Now – Friday Feb 20 In PACT workbook (dark blue side)
Complete pg. 83
#48-51

20. Do Now – Monday March 29 In PACT workbook (dark blue side)
Complete pg. 45 #1-4

21. Diagram the Faults
Draw a diagram for each of the three types of faults. Include:
Arrows showing block movement
Label the type of plate boundary, stress, and fault
Use the diagrams on pgs to help you create your own illustrations